共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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金属有机骨架材料是由金属离子与有机配体通过自组装过程杂化生成的一类具有周期性多维网状结构的多孔材料,在催化、传感、气体储存和载药等方面均表现出了优异的性能。采用一种新的实验方法(超声-搅拌法)并通过优化反应条件制备了粒径在300nm以下的ZIF-90纳米材料,利用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、粉末X射线衍射(XRD)确定了金属有机骨架的结构,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)确定了材料的形貌和粒径。ZIF-90纳米药物载体装载和释放抗癌药物5-氟尿嘧啶的实验结果表明,该材料装载药物的能力最高可达1.245g/g,药物缓释时长达15h,释放率达到95%以上。该药物载体在不同pH值下的稳定性实验结果表明,该药物载体可在接近肿瘤细胞的酸性条件下通过骨架坍塌的方式快速释放药物,具有肿瘤靶向传递药物的能力。 相似文献
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金属有机骨架(MOFs)具有高孔隙率和比表面积大特点,可以用作药物递送载体靶向治疗肿瘤。首先,通过水热法在马弗炉内高温结晶合成金属有机骨架纳米颗粒(MIL-88B-NH2)。负载精氨酸(D-Arg)和葡萄糖氧化酶(GOX)形成D-Arg@MIL-88B-NH2/GOX纳米颗粒。采用透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、Zeta电位、红外光谱(FT-IR)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)等手段对纳米颗粒进行表征。结果表明:所制备的纳米材料粒径均一(约为190nm),具有较为立体的梭形结构,同时通过表征证实了载药纳米颗粒的成功制备。体外细胞实验表明纳米颗粒可以靶向癌细胞、提高抗肿瘤效果和促进细胞凋亡。 相似文献
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金属有机骨架(MOFs)材料因其具有孔隙率高、比表面积大和孔道结构易调控等特点已成为近年来国内外研究的热点。将MOFs作为纳米颗粒添加剂引入高分子分离膜中,可使高分子分离膜在特种污水处理时同步获得高通量和高截留率,有望突破传统分离膜渗透性和选择性间相互制约的Trade-off效应。文中综述了常用于高分子分离膜掺杂的不同种类MOFs材料的特性,重点评述了聚合物/MOFs复合膜原位生长法、共混法、界面聚合法等制备方法及其特点,并简述了所得聚合物/MOFs复合膜在重金属离子污水、有机染料、海水淡化等特种分离领域的应用。此外,还指出了聚合物/MOFs复合膜进一步发展可能面临的机遇和挑战。 相似文献
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以氧化石墨和氯铂酸为前驱体,在油胺中简便地合成了还原氧化石墨烯-铂(Reduced graphene oxide-platinum,rGOPt)纳米复合物,并对其进行了表征。透射电子显微镜和光谱测试结果表明,铂纳米颗粒均匀分布在石墨烯表面,尺寸约为30nm,铂纳米粒子为多孔隙结构,结晶性能良好,氧化石墨在高温下转变为还原氧化石墨烯。用此方法也可以制备还原氧化石墨烯-金(rGO-Au)或还原氧化石墨烯-银(rGO-Ag)的纳米复合物,金、银纳米颗粒呈球状,对可见光具有明显的表面等离子吸收。同时,油胺作为溶剂、贵金属盐的还原剂和表面活性剂,使制备过程简单、快捷。 相似文献
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近年来,贵金属纳米粒子由于在诸多领域的广泛应用而受到关注。聚合物刷稳定的金属纳米粒子稳定性好、溶解性好、与聚合物相容性和可加工性好已成为研究热点。本文综述了聚合物刷保护的金属纳米粒子的制备方法,包括引发法、偶联法和配体交换法,并对高热稳定性交联壳和聚合物刷稳定的纳米复合粒子的制备进行了阐述,提出了聚合物刷保护的贵金属纳米粒子的研究面临的问题。 相似文献
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金属有机框架(MOFs)由于具有巨大的比表面积、超高的孔隙率、易修饰性和大量的活性位点及多孔结构等特性引起了研究人员的广泛关注,并应用于气体储存、传感器、催化剂等领域。然而,由于其自身固有缺陷,在上述领域实际应用中受到了限制。贵金属纳米材料具有优异的导电性、良好的催化性和独特的局部表面等离子体共振(LSPR)效应等特点,因此,近年来研究人员将贵金属纳米材料与MOFs进行多种形式的精妙组合构筑出纳米复合结构材料,由于二者“协同效应”产生一系列新颖特性,丰富了MOFs材料的应用领域,并显著提高了使用性能。本文综述了近年来Au、Ag、Pt等贵金属/MOFs纳米复合结构材料在催化、传感、生物医学和储氢等领域的应用进展,为制备新的纳米复合结构材料及开拓新的应用提供新思路。
相似文献9.
纳米金属有机框架材料的储氢性能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用溶剂热法制备了纳米金属有机框架材料,通过粉末x射线衍射(PXRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和压力-组成-温度测试仪(PCI)等分析和表征手段,获得了该材料结构、形貌、热稳定性和吸附性能等信息.该材料对不同吸附质(如水0.19 g/g和苯0.41 g/g),表现出不同的吸附能力,并具有双亲功能.在77 K,1.5 MPa条件,其储氢量为3.2%(质量分数,下同),包含微孔内填充的高压氢气时为3.4%,包含中孔、微孔内填充的高压氢气时为3.9%. 相似文献
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金属有机骨架(MOFs)由金属节点与有机配体通过配位键连接而成的多孔网络框架材料,其具有高比表面积和孔隙率以及丰富可调的孔结构,使其成为广泛关注的研究热点之一。对近几年来MOFs在水环境治理领域,特别是对重金属离子和有机污染物治理领域的研究进展进行了综述;讨论了MOFs通过构件分子和孔结构的修饰与调控对水中污染物的吸附机理;指出作为吸附剂MOFs最大的优越性在于,可根据目标污染物分子、离子的特点,在MOFs中引入不饱和金属位点和各种官能团和对骨架结构、孔隙大小和孔表面物理化学特性进行调控,以达到增大吸附选择性、增加吸附容量、提高吸附速率的目的,在吸附法去除重金属离子和有机污染物治理领域的有很大的潜力。同时,在合成MOFs时采用环境友好的构建分子,避免二次污染,并逐步降低成本。 相似文献
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Composites incorporating nanoparticles (NPs) within metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) find applications in many different fields.In particular,using MOF layers as molecular sieves built on the NPs could enable selectivity in heterogeneous catalysis.However,such composites typically exhibit low catalytic efficiency,due to the slow diffusion of the reactants in the long and narrow channels of the MOF shell.In order to improve the catalytic efficiency of these systems,here we report the fabrication of NPs incorporated in nanosized MOFs (NPs@nano-MOFs),obtained by reducing the size of the MOF crystals grown around the NPs.The crystal size of the composites was controlled by modulating the nucleation rate of the MOFs during the encapsulation of pre-synthesized and catalytically active NPs;in this way,NPs@MOF crystals smaller than 50 nm were synthesized and subsequently used as highly efficient catalysts.Due to the shorter path from the MOF surface to the active sites,the obtained Pt@nano-MOFs composites showed a higher conversion rate than their larger-sized counterparts in the synthesis of imines via cascade reaction of nitrobenzene and in the hydrogenation of olefins,while retaining the excellent size and shape selectivity associated with the molecular sieving effect of the MOF layer.The present strategy can also be applied to prepare other encapsulated nanostructures combining various types of NPs and nano-MOFs,thus highlighting the broad potential of this approach for developing optimized catalysts with high reactivity and selectivity. 相似文献
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低密度高阻尼金属/金属复合材料 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
采用快速凝固 /粉末冶金法制备了Al-7Fe -1 .4Mo -1 .4Si(FMS0 71 4)合金及其复合材料FMS0 71 4/xAl(x=1 0~ 2 0 )和FMS0 71 4/y(Zn-3 0Al) (y =1 0~ 2 0 )w(B) / % .运用三点弯曲法、拉伸试验和阿基米德法分别测试了其阻尼性能、拉伸性能和密度 .结果表明 :FMS0 71 4合金本身即具有较好的阻尼性能 .添加纯Al粉对其阻尼性能影响不大 ;而添加Zn-3 0Al合金粉则显著提高其阻尼性能 .FMS0 71 4合金及其复合材料的阻尼性能与拉伸强度均优于LD7CS合金 .其中 ,FMS0 71 4/ 1 5 (Zn-3 0Al)具有最佳的综合性能 ,在航空和航天领域显示出良好的应用前景 . 相似文献
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Chao Hou Guofeng Zhao Yongjun Ji Zhiqiang Niu Dingsheng Wang Yadong Li 《Nano Research》2014,7(9):1364-1369
A highly porous and crystalline metal-organic framework (MOF) ZIF-8 has been synthesized and used for the preparation of a supported rhodium nanoparticle catalyst (Rh@ZIF-8). The material has been characterized by PXRD, TEM, EDX, ICP-AES and nitrogen adsorption. The catalytic properties of Rh@ZIF-8 have been investigated in the hydroformylation of alkenes, with different chain length and structure, to give the corresponding aldehydes, and showed high activity. Furthermore, after the reaction was complete, the catalyst could be easily separated from the products by simple decantation and reused five times without a significant decrease in the activity under the investigated conditions. 相似文献
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Feng Liu Long Huang Xiao Duan Yun-yan Li Jin-quan Hu Bai-hui Li 《Journal of Experimental Nanoscience》2018,13(1):1-10
Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) modified electrodes have shown promising applications in the areas of catalysis, (electro)chemical analysis and biosensing due to their unique characters. In this paper, we introduced a so-called ligand exchange method to prepare self-assembly (SAM) electrode modified with noble metal nanoparticles. The noble metal nanoparticles protected by weakly adsorbed tetraoctylammonium bromide (TOAB) were synthesized firstly, then self-assembly (SAM) dithiol-modified Au electrode (Au-SHSAM) was immersed into the solutions containing TOAB-protected nanoparticles. Due to the strong interaction between the dithiol groups on the electrode and noble metal nanoparticles, the weakly adsorbed TOAB on the surface of noble metal NPs were replaced by dithiol groups. As a result, the TOAB protected NPs were anchored on the Au-SHSAM template electrode surface by ligand exchange, obtaining noble metal NPs modified electrode with high quality and stability. By adjusting the soaking time, the coverage of nanoparticles on the Au-SHSAM electrode surface could be controlled. The morphology and distribution of noble metal NPs on Au-SHSAM surface was analysis by scanning tunneling microscope (STM), and their electrochemical property was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in H2SO4 solution. The approach is proved as a universal way to prepare noble metal NPs modified SAM electrode. 相似文献