高职院校“操作系统”课程改革的探讨

本文从高职院校的特点出发,分析了操作系统课程的教学现状,并从教学观念、教学内容、教学方法、实践教学四个方面探讨了教学改革的方法,并有效的应用到实际教学当中。     

利用多媒体教学 激发数学学习兴趣

多媒体网络教学作为现代信息技术与教学实践科学相结合的一种新的教学形式,不仅从手段和形式上改变了传统教学,更从观念、过程、方法以及师生角色等诸多深层面赋予了教学以新的含义.本文就自己数学教学的实践,谈谈多媒体在数学教学中的作用.     

“C语言程序设计”课程教学改革的研究与实践

本文结合学生的学习心理和认知规律,分析了C语言教学问题的主客观原因,提出了“先过程,后对象”的教学理念,从教材建设、教学内容安排上阐述了教学内容的具体组织实施过程,从教学思路、教学观念、教学手段几方面探讨了教学方法的改革。     

高职计算机教学中对学生自主学习能力的培养研究

本文从计算机教学实践出发,从多角度、多层面论述了如何在计算机教学中培养学生的自学能力,并探讨了在计算机教学中培养学生自学能力的有效经验和方法.     

数据结构教学改革的研究

数据结构是计算机专业的一门专业基础课程.本文首先从数据结构的教学现状出发,分析了数据结构教学出现问题及产生的原因,并提供了从教学内容、教学方法和实践教学进行改革,提高了教学水平和学生的学习兴趣,在数据结构课程的教学实践中取得了较好的效果。     

信息技术支撑对外汉字教学整合研究

本文从学科性质、学习者特征、教学目标等方面对比小学识字教学和对外汉字教学,并分析了汉字教学中存在的问题。借鉴信息技术在小学识字教学中的运用,从不同阶段的汉字教学入手分析整合策略以及软件平台等在汉字教学中的应用情况,以期利于信息技术与对外汉字教学的整合。     

高职院校信息检索与利用教学改革初探

本文从高职院校实际情况出发,阐述了高职院校开设信息检索课的重要性以及传统信息检索课教学不适用于高职院校,并从教学理念、教学内容、教学方法、教材、教学过程组织和考试方法六个方面提出了改革要求。     

高校新闻史教学存在的问题及对策

本文从教学内容、教学思想、教学手段三方面探讨了当前高校新闻史教学存在的问题，并提出了相关解决思路。     

应用型本科计算机实践教学探索

阐述了应用型本科计算机实践教学的现状和问题,并且明确了实践教学在计算机教学中的重要地位。提出了从调整理论和实验授课内容、设计实践教学案例与项目、加强课外实践教学、改革教学评价体系等方面改进和加强计算机实践教学。     

基于系统工程视角的工程制图教学改革与实践

将系统工程中的霍尔三维理论与工程制图课程教学体系相结合,系统性、综合性 地从时间维、知识维和逻辑维分析了课程学时、教学内容和教学手段之间的联系和相互影响。 进一步以新工科建设理念为最新要求,从移动学习、讨论课教学、创新案例教学、沉浸式学习 等方面提出了工程制图课程改革的几个方案和措施,并进行了教学实践,取得了较好的效果。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

Enhancing a leaf radiative transfer model to estimate concentrations and in vivo specific absorption coefficients of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b from single-needle reflectance and transmittance

The relative concentrations of different pigments within a leaf have significant physiological and spectral consequences. Photosynthesis, light use efficiency, mass and energy exchange, and stress response are dependent on relationships among an ensemble of pigments. This ensemble also determines the visible characteristics of a leaf, which can be measured remotely and used to quantify leaf biochemistry and structure. But current remote sensing approaches are limited in their ability to resolve individual pigments. This paper focuses on the incorporation of three pigments—chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids—into the LIBERTY leaf radiative transfer model to better understand relationships between leaf biochemical, biophysical, and spectral properties.Pinus ponderosa and Pinus jeffreyi needles were collected from three sites in the California Sierra Nevada. Hemispheric single-leaf visible reflectance and transmittance and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b and total carotenoids of fresh needles were measured. These data were input to the enhanced LIBERTY model to estimate optical and biochemical properties of pine needles. The enhanced model successfully estimated reflectance (RMSE = 0.0255, BIAS = 0.00477, RMS%E = 16.7%), had variable success estimating transmittance (RMSE = 0.0442, BIAS = 0.0294, RMS%E = 181%), and generated very good estimates of carotenoid concentrations (RMSE = 2.48 µg/cm², BIAS = 0.143 µg/cm², RMS%E = 20.4%), good estimates of chlorophyll a concentrations (RMSE = 10.7 µg/cm², BIAS = − 0.992 µg/cm², RMS%E = 21.1%), and fair estimates of chlorophyll b concentrations (RMSE = 7.49 µg/cm², BIAS = − 2.12 µg/cm², RMS%E = 43.7%). Overall root mean squared errors of reflectance, transmittance, and pigment concentration estimates were lower for the three-pigment model than for the single-pigment model. The algorithm to estimate three in vivo specific absorption coefficients is robust, although estimated values are distorted by inconsistencies in model biophysics. The capacity to invert the model from single-leaf reflectance and transmittance was added to the model so it could be coupled with vegetation canopy models to estimate canopy biochemistry from remotely sensed data.     

Mr. Twinn’s bombes

This article discusses the history and design of the special versions of the bombe key-finding machines used by Britain’s Government Code & Cypher School (GC&CS) during World War II to attack the Enigma traffic of the Abwehr (the German military intelligence service). These special bombes were based on the design of their more numerous counterparts used against the traffic of the German armed services, but differed from them in important ways that highlight the adaptability of the British bombe design, and the power and flexibility of the diagonal board. Also discussed are the changes in the Abwehr indicating system that drove the development of these machines, the ingenious ways in which they were used, and some related developments involving the bombes used by the U.S. Navy’s cryptanalytic unit (OP-20-G).