碳纳米管改性方法对其与聚氨酯的复合材料性能的影响

通过强酸回流、强碱球磨方法分别对碳纳米管进行了改性处理,采用溶液共混法制备了聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料。探讨了碳纳米管改性方法对复合材料的化学结构、微观形态、力学性能、热稳定性能以及导电性能的影响。结果表明,在聚氨酯基体中添加经化学改性处理的碳纳米管使复合材料的氢键增多,力学性能、热稳定性和导电性能都得到了提高。聚氨酯/强碱球磨处理碳纳米管复合材料中的氢键数目更多,综合性能也更优异,而且碳纳米管在聚氨酯基体中的分散更均匀。     

碳纳米管/聚氨酯功能复合材料的制备与应用

介绍了碳纳米管的处理、碳纳米管/聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法：碳纳米管的处理方法有表面处理改性和局部活化改性2种; 碳纳米管/聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法有物理共混法和原位聚合法。结合碳纳米管和聚氨酯的特性,综述了碳纳米管/聚氨酯复合材料在力学性能的增强、电子材料、智能材料、生物医学材料和节能材料等方面的应用,并对CNTs/PU复合材料未来的研究工作提出了几点意见。     

酸化多壁碳纳米管/水性聚氨酯复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用混酸对多壁碳纳米管进行表面处理,通过共混法制备出酸化多壁碳纳米管/水性聚氨酯(WPU)复合材料。通过FT-IR,拉曼光谱,SEM表征了多壁碳纳米管酸化前后的结构,通过TGA、拉力测试以及SEM研究了复合材料的热性能、力学性能和微观结构。结果显示,多壁碳纳米管通过混酸处理后表面羧基化,管壁卷曲程度降低。与纯WPU相比,当添加量为1.5%时,复合材料的断裂伸长率增加29%,当添加量在2%时,复合材料的拉伸强度增加169%,酸化碳纳米管在聚氨酯(PU)基体中均匀分散。酸化碳纳米管的添加显著提高了复合材料的热稳定性和导电性。     

原位聚合法制备热塑性聚氨酯/多壁碳纳米管复合材料及其性能研究

采用原位聚合法制备了热塑性聚氨酯/多壁碳纳米管(TPU/MWNT)复合材料,利用热重分析(TGA)、体积电阻率测试、维卡软化点测试、力学性能测试,研究了多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)质量分数对复合材料热稳定性、导电性以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,经酸化处理的MWNT可以显著提高复合材料的热稳定性和力学性能,质量分数为0.8%的TPU/MWNT复合材料具有最优异的热稳定性和力学性能。同时,一定含量的MWNT能够搭建三维网络结构,使材料的导电性和耐热性也得到了显著提高。     

酸化处理多壁碳纳米管的IR和Raman分析

采用浓硝酸/浓硫酸对多壁碳纳米管进行酸化处理,利用IR和Raman光谱分析了改性前后碳管表面化学组成和结构的变化;并利用SEM观察形貌的变化;并简单介绍了酸化处理后碳纳米管的应用.     

水性聚氨酯/环糊精修饰多壁碳纳米管复合材料的制备与性能

为改善多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)的水分散性,将其与β-环糊精(CD)研磨以及超声分散,得到环糊精修饰碳纳米管(CDMWNTs),并通过与水性聚氨酯球磨共混,制备了水性聚氨酯/CD修饰碳纳米管复合乳液,其固化成膜后利用热重分析、万能材料试验机、扫描电镜和绝缘电阻测试仪探讨了CDMWNTs含量对复合胶膜热稳定性、力学性能、微观形貌和导电性的影响。通过粒径分析与红外光谱说明了CD改性处理对MWNTs的影响。结果显示,与纯聚氨酯胶膜相比,当CDMWNTs加入量为3.0%时,复合胶膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别提高了72.29%和17.22%;其电阻率为174?·m,减小了5个数量级,显著提高了聚氨酯的导电性;其热稳定性也得到一定的提高。相同加入量下,CDMWNTs所制复合胶膜的性能好于未改性MWNTs所制复合胶膜的性能。     

聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料的制备及其性能研究

通过强碱球磨方法对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行了改性处理,并对其化学结构和微观形态进行了分析.采用溶液共混法制备了聚氨酯(PUR)/MWCNTs复合材料.利用扫描电子显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对其进行了表征.探讨了MWCNTs对PUR/MWCNTs复合材料力学性能、热稳定性以及电导率的影响.结果表明,MWCNTs...     

多壁碳纳米管/环氧复合涂层的制备及性能研究

对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTS)进行酸化处理得到MWCNTS-COOH(酸化碳纳米管),然后用KH560对其进行表面修饰,通过XRD、FT-IR、TGA等手段表征了改性结果,分别制备了含多壁碳纳米管5%、3%、2%、1%、0.7%的MWCMTS/环氧复合涂层。利用耐磨仪、电化学工作站(EIS)、TGA测试了复合涂层的性能,并用扫描电子显微镜观察了其表面形貌。结果表明:复合涂层中MWCNTS含量为2%时,耐磨性和耐腐蚀性能均达到最高;多壁碳纳米管对复合涂层的热稳定性也有一定的影响。     

纳米碳材料改性聚氨酯泡沫的研究进展

本文主要综述了不同纳米碳材料包括碳纳米管、碳纳米纤维和石墨烯材料改性聚氨酯泡沫的研究进展,讨论了不同纳米碳材料对聚氨酯泡沫的力学性能、热学性能、导电性能、吸附性能以及吸波性能的影响,归纳了纳米碳材料改性聚氨酯复合泡沫的潜在应用,提出了聚氨酯泡沫存在的不足和对聚氨酯泡沫发展的展望。     

溶液共混法制备聚氨酯／碳纳米管复合材料及其性能

 通过强酸处理方法对碳纳米管进行改性处理并对其结构和分散稳定性进行分析。采用溶液共混法制备了聚氨 酯/碳纳米管复合材料,利用FTIR对其结构进行了分析,探讨了碳纳米管对复合材料力学性能、热稳定性能以及弹 性回复率的影响。结果表明,碳纳米管经酸处理后添加了羧酸活性基团,提高了其在溶剂中的分散性|在复合材料 中,碳纳米管以较强氢键与大分子连接,复合材料的力学性能和热稳定性能都有所提高,而弹性回复率没有受到很 大影响。     

Fabrication of electrical and thermal conductive thermoplastic polyurethanes-based nanocomposite with azide polyurethane as interfacial compatibilizer

Electrical and thermal conductive polymers have aroused extensive interest in research recently due to their hi-tech applications in the fields of novel electronics. A novel electrical and thermal conductive nanocomposite (MWCNTs@PU/TPU) made with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) by using azide polyurethane (PU) as interfacial compatibilizer. The MWNTs could form well-developed electrical and thermal conductive networks in the TPU matrix. The developed nanocomposite inherited advantageous properties from its constituents, namely the high conductivity and diathermancy from MWNTs, and the high mechanical properties from the TPU. Conductivity tests showed that, compared with neat MWCNTs/TPU, the electrical conductivity of MWCNTs@PU/TPU was significantly enhanced (up to 3.4 × 10⁻⁶ S/cm), with incorporating only 3.0 wt% MWCNTs@PU. And most importantly, the thermal conductivity was greatly improved by about 46.4% when the MWCNTs@PU loading was 6.0 wt%.     

Fabrication of hybrid ladderlike polysilsesquioxane‐grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Ladderlike polysilsesquioxanes (LPSs) containing chloromethylphenyl groups were synthesized from (p‐chloromethyl)phenyltrimethoxysilane under basic conditions. Functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT–COOH) were prepared by the acid treatment of pristine multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). MWNT–COOH was reacted with LPS to prepare LPS‐grafted MWNTs via ester linkages. The functionalization of MWNTs with LPS significantly altered the surface roughness of the MWNTs; there was a significant increase in the diameter of the MWNTs. The LPS‐grafted MWNTs had a 10–20 nm thickness along the outer walls according to the functionalization of the MWNTs with LPS. An advantage of the hybrid LPS‐grafted MWNTs was shown as improved thermal behavior. The composition, thermal properties, and surface morphology of the LPS‐grafted MWNTs were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Preparation and Properties of Nanocomposites Based on Hyperbranched Aliphatic Polyamide Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Bismaleimide Resin

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) functionalized with hyperbranched aliphatic polyamide (HAP) were prepared by polycondensation using 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propanoic acid methyl ester as monomer. The effects of HAP functionalized MWNTs (MWNT-HAP) on the properties of bismaleimide (BMI) resin were investigated. Nanocomposites based on BMI resin and different content of MWNTs were prepared. The properties of nanocomposites were characterized by TGA, DMA, flexural and impact tests. Because of the magnification of functional groups and the higher interfacial interaction between MWNT-HAP and BMI resin, the improvement of the mechanical and thermal properties of MWNT-HAP/BMI nanocomposites was more remarkable than nanocomposites containing pristine MWNTs.     

Preparation and characterization of alkylated carbon nanotube/polyimide nanocomposites

BACKGROUND: The development of carbon nanotube‐reinforced composites has been impeded by the difficult dispersion of the nanotubes in polymers and the weak interaction between the nanofiller and matrices. Efficient dispersion of carbon nanotubes is essential for the formation of a functional nanotube network in a composite matrix. RESULTS: Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were incorporated into a polyimide matrix to produce MWNT/polyimide nanocomposites. To disperse well the MWNTs in the matrix and thus improve the interfacial adhesion between the nanotubes and the polymer, ‘branches’ were grafted onto the surface of the nanotubes by reacting octadecyl isocyanate with carboxylated MWNTs. The functionalized MWNTs were suspended in a precursor solution, and the dispersion was cast, followed by drying and imidization to obtain MWNT/polyimide nanocomposites. CONCLUSION: The functionalized MWNTs appear as a homogeneous dispersion in the polymer matrix. The thermal stability and the mechanical properties are greatly improved, which is attributed to the strong interactions between the functionalized MWNTs and the polyimide matrix. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synthesis and properties of the amino‐functionalized multiple‐walled carbon nanotubes/polyimide nanocomposites

The 1,6‐hexanediamine‐functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes(a‐MWNTs)/polyimide(PI) nanocomposite films were prepared through in‐situ polymerization followed by mixture casting, evaporation, and thermal imidization. To increase the compatibility of carbon nanotubes with the matrix polyimide, a‐MWNTs was used as the filler. According to the results, a‐MWNTs were homogeneously dispersed in the nanocomposite films. With the incorporation of a‐MWNTs, the mechanical properties of the resultant films were improved due to the strong chemical bonding and interfacial interaction between a‐MWNTs and 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride(ODPA)/4,4′‐Oxydianiline(ODA) polyimide matrix. The thermal stability of the a‐MWNTs/polyimide nanocomposite was also improved by the addition of a‐MWNTs. The electrical tests showed a percolation threshold at about 0.85 vol% and the electrical properties were increased sharply. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Chemical modification of multiwalled carbon nanotube with the liquid phase method

In this study, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were purified by using chemical method with different proportion of nitric acid and sulfuric acid liquid phase mixture. Carboxyl groups and other functional groups could be modified on the MWNTs surface. However, oxidation can damage the structure of carbon atoms on the surface of the carbon nanotube. Furthermore, the characteristic properties of MWNTs specimens were demonstrated by Raman spectrograph and Fourier transform infrared spectrum. The thermal properties and morphology of MWNTs were checked by Thermogravimetric analysis and Scanning electron microscope. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Modification of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with fatty acid and their tribological properties as lubricant additive

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were treated with mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. The surface modification of the oxidized MWNTs was achieved by refluxing the MWNTs with stearic acid (SA). The modified MWNTs were examined by the transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, Raman spectroscopy and Infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, the modified MWNTs were added to base lubricant and the tribological properties of resultant MWNTs lubricant were investigated by using a pin-on-plate wear tester. The results indicated that an esterification was formed in the oxidized MWNTs and SA, and the modification led to an improvement in the dispersion of MWNTs and the tribological properties of MWNTs as lubricant additive.     

多壁碳纳米管的表面改性及其在水性聚氨酯体系中的应用

采用自制的硅烷类改性剂(s-PEG)对经过酸氧化的多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)进行表面改性处理,并通过共混法制备了MWNTs/水性聚氨酯(WPU)复合材料,研究了MWNTs的添加对复合材料性能的影响.结果表明,改性剂s-PEG成功地包覆于MWNTs表面,形成了s-PEG壳层,包覆率约为25％.改性MWNTs (s-PEG-MWNTs)的添加可以明显改善WPU复合材料的拉伸性能,当s-PEG-MWNTs的添加量为1％时,复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率比未添加MWNTs的材料分别提高了597％和152％.s-PEG-MWNTs在WPU基体中达到了良好的分散效果.此外,s-PEG-MWNTs的添加显著地增强了复合材料的导电性能.     

Polymeric carbon nanocomposites from multiwalled carbon nanotubes functionalized with segmented polyurethane

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) were functionalized with segmented polyurethanes (PU) by the “grafting to” approach. Raman and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra show that the sidewalls of MWNTs have been functionalized with acid treatment, and the amount of COOH increases with increasing acid treatment time. FTIR and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectra confirm that PU is covalently attached to the sidewalls of MWNTs by esterification reaction. Similar to the parent PU, the functionalized carbon nanotube samples are soluble in highly polar solvents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF). The functionalized acid amount and the grafted PU amount were determined by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). Comparative studies, based on SEM images between the PU‐functionalized and chemically defunctionalized MWNT samples, also reveal the covalent coating character. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of nanocomposite films prepared from PU and PU‐functionalized MWNTs show enhanced mechanical properties and increased soft segment T_g. Tensile properties indicate that PU‐functionalized MWNTs are effective reinforcing fillers for the polyurethane matrix. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007