PA66导热绝缘塑料的制备与性能

通过尼龙66(PA66)与大粒径MgO共混经双螺杆挤出机挤出制备了导热绝缘塑料。研究了热导率与MgO填充量的关系。该导热绝缘塑料的热扩散系数和热导率随MgO填充量的增加而增大。在MgO填充量达到70%时,热导率达到1.9 W/(m.K),同时仍保持较好的力学性能和一定的电绝缘性能。热失重分析表明,该导热绝缘塑料的热分解温度受MgO填充量的影响,有约10℃的变化,低填充量(40%和50%)时,因MgO具有良好的导热性能,试样中的PA66几乎完全被分解汽化。     

导热氧化镁对三元乙丙导热橡胶性能的影响

为了开发综合性能优异的导热橡胶,以三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)为基体,导热氧化镁为导热填料,制备了新型导热橡胶,通过对不同导热氧化镁填充量下的导热橡胶热导率、拉伸强度、微观结构等参数的测定,研究了导热氧化镁填充量对EPDM导热性能、物理机械性能等综合性能的影响。结果表明,随着导热氧化镁用量的增大,EPDM热导率明显增大,从0.337 W/(m·K)增大至0.776W/(m·K),导热效率明显提高,并在填充量为80质量份时形成导热网链;交联程度增大,硫化时间略微延长,加工性能下降;材料的力学性能随着导热填料填充量的增加也发生改变,拉伸强度降低,硬度增大,断裂伸长率和拉断永久变形均先上升后下降。综合考虑,导热氧化镁填充到EPDM中,将大幅度提高EPDM的导热效率,可以制备出综合性能优异的导热橡胶。     

PPS/玻纤/MgO导热绝缘塑料的性能研究

通过双螺杆挤出机将聚苯硫醚与氧化镁(40～325目)混合挤出,同时添加玻璃纤维挤出造粒制备了玻纤增强导热绝缘塑料.研究了导热性能与氧化镁填充量的关系.研究发现热扩散系数和导热率随氧化镁的填充量的增加而增加.玻纤替代部分氧化镁后,导热性能有所降低,但拉伸强度和冲击强度等机械性能得到提升.偶联剂KH-560用量在氧化镁最的0.5%时可提高材料的导热率和拉伸强度.     

氧化镁填充导热硅橡胶的性能研究

对氧化镁填充导热硅橡胶的性能进行研究.结果表明,氧化镁用量在200份以下时,小粒径氧化镁填充硅橡胶的热导率和拉伸强度大于大粒径氧化镁填充硅橡胶,而拉断伸长率则相反;大粒径氧化镁/小粒径氧化镁并用比为100/100时硅橡胶的热导率最大;添加适量的硅烷偶联剂有利于提高硅橡胶的热导率,其最佳用量约为大粒径氧化镁用量的0.5%.     

熔融时间对聚苯硫醚(PPS)结晶度与结晶行为的影响分析

利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了制备过程中不同熔融时间对聚苯硫醚(PPS)树脂的结晶度及结晶行为的影响;利用热失重分析仪(TGA)研究了不同熔融时间对PPS成型过程中热氧交联程度的影响。结果表明,在熔融时间为10~30 min范围内,PPS树脂的结晶度随熔融时间的增加逐渐减小,相对结晶度最大值为54.28%,最小值为48.66%;结晶峰向低温方向移动,峰宽增加、峰强减弱。这是由于PPS分子活性、分子链的热氧交联反应随熔融时间的不同具有不同的表现形式,进而影响PPS的结晶度与结晶行为;PPS树脂的热失重率随熔融时间的增加而减小,失重率最大值为51.88%,最小值为49.07%。这是由于PPS在空气中随着熔融时间的增加,链增长与交联反应程度加剧,使其难以在高温下发生热降解。     

玻纤增强PPS/MgO绝缘导热复合材料的研究

通过双螺杆挤出机将聚苯硫醚(PPS)与MgO混合挤出,同时添加玻璃纤维(GF)挤出造粒制备了玻纤增强PPS/MgO绝缘导热复合材料。研究了材料的导热性能与MgO含量的关系。研究发现,材料的热导率随MgO含量的增加而增大;GF替代部分MgO后,导热性能有所降低,但拉伸强度和冲击强度等力学性能得到提高;偶联剂用量在0.5%时可提高PPS/MgO绝缘导热复合材料的热导率。     

高分子复合材料导热性能研究

以Al2O3、MgO和BN三种无机填料作为尼龙6(PA6)的导热填料,研究填料的种类、填充量、粒径大小和粒径配比等对复合材料热导率的影响。结果表明:PA6基复合材料的热导率随导热填料填充量的增加而增大,随导热系数大的填料填充量的增加增大较快;导热系数大的填料的粒径对复合材料的导热系数的影响比较明显;导热系数大的填料,不同粒径的复配可以显著提高复合材料的导热系。     

不同粒径氧化镁对ABS导热塑料热导率的影响

以氧化镁、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）为原料，通过共混、模压法制备了ABS导热塑料。研究发现氧化镁填充量受粒径影响很大。大粒径氧化镁可以填充到600份，而小粒径氧化镁最高只可达400份。在300份时，小粒径氧化镁填充的导热ABS具有较高的热导率。采用渗滤理论分析热导率与填充体积分数的关系，发现大粒径氧化镁填充的ABS导热塑料在300600份范围内很好的符合临界体积分数（Фc）为0．198的面心立方场点渗滤的渗滤理论。SEM观察到了大粒径氧化镁填充ABS导热塑料中氧化镁颗粒连通的导热路径；小粒径氧化镁填充的ABS导热塑料在所研究范围内受界面热阻影响，不符合渗滤理论。采用大小粒径氧化镁复配，由小粒径氧化镁填充到大粒径氧化镁导热网络中的空隙可得更好的导热性能。     

脱醇型室温硫化导热硅橡胶的研究

采用氧化锌(ZnO)为导热填料,研究了填料对脱醇型室温硫化(RTV)硅橡胶力学性能、导热性能的影响.结果表明,在满足加工性能的前提下,随着填料用量的增加,硫化后硅橡胶的拉伸强度显著提高,由ZnO填充量10份时的0.55MPa增大至2.53MPa,而断裂伸长率下降,由309%下降至209%,100%定伸应力、硬度、撕裂强度均随填料填充量的增加而增加.随着导热填料ZnO用量的增加,RTV硅橡胶的热导率逐渐升高,当用量70份时,热导率达2.142W/m*K;随着温度的升高,填充70份ZnO的硅橡胶的热导率呈现出逐渐升高的趋势,在30℃时为2.29W/m*K,而在150℃时,热导率升高至5.9W/m*K.     

偶联剂对 PA6/h-BN 复合材料导热性能的影响及复合材料制备工艺优化

以硅烷偶联剂(KH550)与钛酸酯偶联剂(TM-P)改性氮化硼(h-BN)为导热填料,聚酰胺6(PA6)为基体,通过熔融共混法制备了导热绝缘复合材料。并通过正交实验研究了h-BN粒径、偶联剂用量和h-BN填充量对复合材料导热性能的综合影响。结果表明,在h-BN体积分数为20%,KH550、TM-P最佳用量分别为2.5%、1%(偶联剂与h-BN质量比)时,TM-P对复合材料热导率的提升效果优于KH550;复合材料的热导率提升率随h-BN添加量的增加呈先增加,然后不变,再减小的趋势;复合材料的屈服强度随h-BN填充量的增加而减小,KH550对复合材料力学性能的改善优于TM-P;TM-P用量为1%,h-BN体积分数为25%,h-BN粒径为10~15μm时复合材料的热导率为2.446 W/(m·K)。     

Influence of Yb Substitution for La on Thermophysical Property of La2AlTaO7 Ceramics

The (La_1−xYb_x)₂AlTaO₇ ceramics were synthesized by pressureless sintering process at 1600 °C for 10 h in air. The crystal phase, microstructure and thermophysical properties were investigated. Results show that pure (La_1−xYb_x)₂AlTaO₇ cermics with single weberite structure are prepared successfully. Owing to the reduction of crystal-lattice tolerance-factor, the thermal conductivity of (La_1−xYb_x)₂AlTaO₇ (x>0) ceramics increases with increasing Yb₂O₃ fraction at identical temperatures, which is lower than that of La₂AlTaO₇. Due to the relatively high electro-negativity of Yb element, the addition of Yb₂O₃ increases the thermal expansion coefficient of (La_1−xYb_x)₂AlTaO₇ ceramics.     

绝缘导热高分子复合材料研究

介绍了导热绝缘高分子复合材料的导热性能、导热机理,综述了各类导热绝缘高分子如复合型导热塑料、橡胶、胶粘剂、涂层等的研究,并展望了其应用前景及未来发展方向.     

Sm_2YbTaO_7和La_2AlTaO_7的热物理性能

采用固相反应法制备了Sm_2YbTaO_7和La_2AlTaO_7氧化物,并研究了其热物理性能。Sm_2YbTaO_7和La_2AlTaO_7氧化物在20℃~1200℃范围内的平均热导率分别是0.45 W/(m·K)和1.71 W/(m·K),明显低于现役的氧化钇部分稳定氧化锆陶瓷(YSZ)。与La_2AlTaO_7相比,Sm_2YbTaO_7较低的热导率可以归因于其取代原子与基质原子之间较高的原子质量差别,Sm_2YbTaO_7较高的热膨胀系数则可归因于其A位与B位离子之间较低的电负性差别。Sm_2YbTaO_7和La_2AlTaO_7的热导率和热膨胀系数均满足热障涂层的要求,具有做为新型热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料使用的潜力。     

绝热(保温)在精细化工中的应用探析

介绍二元酚项目中保温方案的选择;保温工程的施工与验收;保温效果的测试与评价。具有推广意义。     

Effects of zirconium carbide content on thermal stability and ablation properties of carbon/phenolic composites

Ceramic particles were utilized to improve thermal stability and ablation properties of carbon/phenolic (C/Ph) composites. In this study, zirconium carbide (ZrC) modified C/Ph composites were fabricated by vacuum impregnation method, and effects of ZrC content on thermal stability and ablation properties were investigated by thermogravimetry analysis and plasma wind tunnel test. Moreover, morphological characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Experimental results showed that increasing ZrC content could lead to an evident increase in char yield, but an observable reduction in linear ablation rates and back-face temperatures because of the formation of ZrO₂ layer on the ablation surface. The work provided an effective way to improve thermal stability and ablation properties of C/Ph composites.     

Preparation and thermophysical properties of Sm2YbTaO7 and Sm2YTaO7

Sm₂YbTaO₇ and Sm₂YTaO₇ ceramics were synthesized by solid reaction method at 1600 °C for 10 h. Crystal phases have been identified by X-ray diffraction, and their thermal conductivities and thermal expansion coefficients were measured using a laser flash method and the pushing-rod technology, respectively. Results indicate that Sm₂YbTaO7 and Sm₂YTaO₇ exhibit a typical defect fluorite-type crystal structure. Compared to Sm₂YTaO₇, Sm₂YbTaO₇ has lower thermal conductivity due to the higher atomic weight difference between the substituted and substituting atoms. The thermal expansion coefficient of Sm₂YbTaO₇ is greater than that of Sm₂YTaO₇ due to its elongated average interionic distance. Their thermal conductivities are much lower than that of YSZ, and their thermal expansion coefficients are very close to that of YSZ. The synthesized ceramics also exhibit excellent phase stability in the temperature range from ambient to 1200 °C.     

A new class of high-entropy fluorite oxides with tunable expansion coefficients,low thermal conductivity and exceptional sintering resistance

High-temperature thermal barrier coating (TBC) materials are desired for the development of high-efficient gas turbines and diesel engines. Herein, to meet up with this requirement, a new class of high-entropy fluorite-type oxides (HEFOs) has been synthesized via a solid-state reaction method. Comparing to La₂Ce₂O₇, a promising TBC material, the HEFOs exhibit similar high thermal expansion coefficients (TECs) of 11.92×10⁻⁶∼12.11×10⁻⁶ K^-1 at temperatures above 673 K but a better TEC matching performance at the temperature range of 473–673 K. It is also found that through tuning the average A-site cation radius, the TEC of the HEFOs could be tailored efficiently. The HEFOs also possess low thermal conductivities of 1.52-1.55 W∙m^-1∙K^-1 at room temperature, which is much lower than that of La₂Ce₂O₇ and comparable to pyrochlores as Gd₂Zr₂O₇. Moreover, the HEFOs display good sintering resistance and phase stability even at temperatures as high as 1873 K. The combination of these fascinating properties makes the HEFOs good candidates for thermal barrier coating and thermal insulating materials.     

Effect of TGO thickness on the thermal barrier coatings life under thermal shock and thermal cycle loading

Effect of thermally grown oxide (TGO) thickness on thermal shock resistance of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) and also their behavior under a cyclic loading (including aging at maximum temperature) was evaluated experimentally. In order to form different thicknesses of TGO, coated samples experience isothermal loading at 1070?°C for various periods of times. Heat-treated samples were heated to 1000?°C and cooled down rapidly in water from the substrate side using a mechanical fixture. The life of samples was investigated as a function of TGO thickness. Furthermore, by performing an experiment the simultaneous effect of the TGO growth and thermal expansion mismatch– on the failure of thermal barrier coatings was evaluated. The results demonstrated that the presence of TGO with a thickness of 2–3?µm has a positive effect on the resistance against thermal shock.     

填充型导热塑料的热导率分析

运用等效热导率法则，对填充型导热塑料中的一个导热单元进行分析，根据热量传递的串并联原理及傅立叶定律，建立导热塑料中热量传递的理论模型，推导出预测其热导率的理论公式。经检验，建立的理论模型与实验测试结果能较好的吻合，从而证明该模型是合理的。     

Thermal conductivity and expansion coefficient of Ln2LaTaO7 (Ln=Er and Yb) oxides for thermal barrier coating applications

Two kinds of novel Ln₂LaTaO₇ (Ln=Er and Yb) ceramics were prepared via high-temperature solid reaction method. The phase composition, micro-morphology and thermophysical properties were investigated. Results indicate that pure Ln₂LaTaO₇ ceramics with single fluorite-type structure are synthesized successfully. The thermal conductivities of Er₂LaTaO₇ and Yb₂LaTaO₇ are in the range of 1.22–1.43 W/m K and 1.17–1.51 W/m K, respectively, which are much lower than that of YSZ. The lower thermal conductivity can be attributed to the phonon scattering caused by oxygen vacancies and the substituting atoms. The average thermal expansion coefficients of Yb₂LaTaO₇ and Er₂LaTaO₇ are 9.94×10⁻⁶/K and 9.63×10⁻⁶/K, respectively. As compared with Yb₂LaTaO₇, the higher thermal expansion coefficient of Er₂LaTaO₇ can be ascribed to its lower ionic-bond strength between cations at sites A and B.