光伏并网逆变器最大功率点的跟踪控制

本文通过对太阳能电池的伏安特性及功率电压曲线的分析,给出了太阳能电池最大输出功率点的跟踪方法.通过分析比较,得出在光强变化较快的情况下光伏并网逆变器迅速跟踪最大功率点的方法.     

一种改进的太阳能电池MPPT技术

为了寻找一种能更好的实现太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪的方法,文中分析了太阳能电池的数学模型和在外部环境(温度、光照强度)变化的情况下太阳能电池的输出特性。介绍了太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪技术的原理,并提出了一种自适应变步长的方法,克服了传统固定步长方法的不足。仿真结果表明,该方法能够较快地跟踪光伏极板的最大功率点,使太阳能电池工作在最大功率点。     

太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪技术探讨

介绍了光伏发电系统太阳能电池的输出特性及最大功率点跟踪技术的基本原理.分析了多种常用的跟踪方法的优缺点.重点研究了二次插值法的最大功率点跟踪技术.并设计了一个系统,应用常规实验方法及二次插值法寻找太阳能电池的最大输出功率,试验结果表明二次插值法能快速寻找太阳能电池的最大输出功率.     

电导增量法实现光伏系统的最大功率点跟踪控制

最大功率点跟踪控制是光伏并网发电系统中经常遇见的问题。介绍光伏并网系统的结构,通过对太阳能电池功率电压曲线的分析,结合光伏并网系统的特性和太阳能电池的最大功率点的跟踪原理,提出一种采用电导增量法来实现光伏系统的最大功率点跟踪的方法。此方法控制精确、响应速度比较快,适用于大气条件变化较快的场合。     

太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪技术研究

在太阳能LED路灯照明系统中,为了提高系统的整体效率,应实时检测太阳能电池的输出功率,保证太阳能电池始终工作在最大功率点上。文中介绍了太阳能电池的输出特性和最大功率点跟踪的原理,分析了常用的固定电压法、扰动观察法、电导增量法等跟踪方法。并针对传统算法中存在的跟踪速度慢、振荡现象等问题,提出了一种新的算法,将固定电压法和扰动观察法结合起来,利用两者各自的优势,实现快速跟踪,进一步提高太阳能电池的利用效率。     

光伏发电LED照明的最大功率跟踪及控制技术研究

分析研究了太阳能电池、蓄电池和光伏发电的最大功率点跟踪控制技术,对太阳能LED照明控制驱动系统的高效可靠应用进行了分析,应用MPPT原理提高太阳能电池的能效和蓄电池的充放电管理,设计了太阳能光伏发电LED照明最大功率点跟踪控制系统电路,实现了光伏发电的最大功率跟踪和LED节能照明应用。     

太阳能阵列最大功率点跟踪与蓄电池优化充电

通过对太阳能电池输出特性和蓄电池输入特性的研究,提出了一种将太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪与蓄电池优化充电综合在一起的控制策略。本文基于一个250W太阳能路灯控制系统,提出了一种综合的控制策略,实现了太阳能阵列的最大功率点跟踪和蓄电池优化充电的合理结合。     

光伏并网系统MPPT控制和实现方法的研究

太阳能电池阵列输出特性具有强烈的非线性,为了提高系统的整体效率,一个重要的途径就是实时调整光伏电池的工作点,进行最大功率点跟踪（maximum power pointtracker,MPPT）,使之始终工作在最大功率点附近。最大功率点跟踪方法是一个提高光伏组件效率的很有效的方法。     

基于占空比模糊控制的光伏发电系统MPPT技术

为了有效地利用太阳能,有必要对光伏发电系统进行最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制研究。文中以两级式光伏并网发电系统为研究对象,建立了任意外界环境下的光伏阵列数学模型。由于光伏阵列的非线性输出特性,将模糊控制思想引入最大功率点跟踪,提出占空比模糊控制的扰动观察法的MPPT控制策略,并通过计算机进行仿真验证。与传统的占空比扰动观察法相比较,该方法能够更加快速、准确地跟踪上太阳能电池的最大功率点。     

风光互补发电系统最大功率跟踪综述

风光互补发电系统的运行需要快速准确地进行最大功率点跟踪,为此综述了风光互补发电系统最大功率点跟踪的几种方法,包括在太阳能电池阵列部分日益成熟、改进和优化策略较多的扰动观察法、电导增量法和恒压控制法;风力发电机部分的叶尖速比控制法、功率信号反馈法、扰动观察法,分别说明了各种跟踪控制方法的优点和不足之处。最后探讨了最大功率点跟踪控制方法的发展思路,对该领域今后的研究方向做了展望。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first