基于蓝牙的体温时控监测系统

本文设计了一种基于蓝牙的体温时控检测系统,系统主要由硬件和上位机软件部分两个模块组成.硬件模块以MSP430F435单片机为核心,温度传感器DS18B20来采集温度数据,将采集到的数据存储到单片机内部并进行处理之后,再通过单片机串口发送给外围的蓝牙模块,蓝牙模块作为无线数据传输的中介将数据发送给上位机,上位机接收到单片机发送的温度值后,以一目了然的页面形式呈现出来,当温度超过一定值时,实现报警功能.     

Microwave radiometric measurements of the temperature inside a body

Temperatures inside a body have been measured by a radiometer at 0.9 to 1.2 GHz with an antenna on the surface of the body. This technique to measure depth temperatures may have both industrial and medical applications.     

Nonstop monitoring [power quality]

A power failure could spell disaster for a large financial institution. The author describes the role of fixed power quality monitoring systems in ensuring that the trading never has to stop. Consulting engineers and site facility managers are increasingly of the opinion that supply quality in a modern commercial building demands the installation of a fully integrated, fixed power quality monitoring system, operating 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. The PegaSys system, manufactured in Canada by Power Measurement Ltd of Victoria, British Columbia, and marketed in the UK by C-Matic Systems is an example of a modern, highly flexible, power monitoring system. A typical installation consists of one or more monitoring PCs connected to a network of fixed power quality instruments installed at all of the key supply points throughout a building. The PC's graphical interface depicts the electrical layout of the building, indicating the location of each monitoring instrument, together with the status of load levels or approaching alarm limits. Typically, a user will have one main screen where system condition can be viewed at a glance. More detailed information is available by navigating down through the hierarchy of screen layers. The objective of the system is to provide load trending for system planning together with pre-fault alarming, so that, as far as is humanly possible, power outages are avoided     

Coming out of the cold [cogeneration]

Combined heat and power (CHP) today is an appreciable contributor to electrical power in the UK, with some 500 schemes in operation generating at least 2% of electricity needs. However, throughout the 1970s and 80s, circumstances conspired to hold back the growth of combined heat and power in the UK. Here, the author describes how the picture is now changing, promising a bright new generation of small CHP schemes in the 1990s     

Into deep ice [ice monitoring]

A team of researchers has embarked on a project called Glacsweb, which aims to determine how the Earth's ice masses will respond to the continued warming of the globe. By installing a wireless monitoring network of probes on the Briksdalsbreen, a large mass of frozen water in the town of Olden in southwestern Norway, the team hopes to record temperature, pressure and other variables for several months. By correlating these data with those obtained by other means such as GPS surveys and satellite imagery, a better understanding of how the ice and sediment interact to affect the motion of the glacier can be gained. In turn, this knowledge could help scientists improve their glacier models and simulations.     

Foreign parts [electronic body implants]

Feeling threatened by cyborgs? Don't believe the hype. Researchers at the University of Southern California have simply attached some electrodes to slices of dead rat brain and are wiring them up to an external chip to see what happens. The University of Southern California team hopes that its brain implant will eventually help patients brain-damaged from stroke, epilepsy or Alzheimer's disease. But such systems may not deliver anything remotely practical for years - if ever. Retina implants that allow 'the blind to see' are another particular favourite with the press. Over the last ten years, a couple of these stories have come out A of research pioneered originally at the Johns Hopkins Eye Institute in the US. The implanted blind people have temporarily been able see points of light, shapes, and contrasts between light and dark, as long as they were encumbered with terrifying-looking Heath Robinson contraptions of gadgetry clamped to their heads. This stuff is very worthy but what we read about it can be quite misleading.     

Keeping tabs on criminals [electronic monitoring]

In the United States last year, there were 1.4 million offenders in prison-twice as many as there were 10 years ago-and another four million out on parole or probation. Criminal justice costs have kept pace: they now come to some US $90 billion a year, about a third as much as the bill for national defense. Yet bulging law enforcement budgets have made little dent in crime and none, it would seem, in the fears of law-abiding taxpayers. Public safety has become the prime concern of city and suburban residents, according to many recent polls. Technology could do more in their defense, an especially hopeful area being the electronic monitoring of the movements of victimizers. Here, the authors describe how public safety could be improved and incarceration costs cut if new electronic monitoring schemes were put into effect     

Get the lead out! [lead free solder]

Concern over lead's toxicity launched a quest for alternatives to the tin-lead solder common in printed-circuit board manufacture. The options for no-lead solders rely on tin as the base metal with smaller amounts of other metals, such as antimony, bismuth, copper, indium, silver, or zinc, added to enhance performance. Tin, which is considered to be one of the least toxic metals, will most probably endure as the base metal since it is relatively inexpensive, sufficiently available, and possesses desirable physical properties. In considering alternatives, the cost and availability of metals also come into play. Indeed, the limited availability and high costs of indium, bismuth, and silver-based alloy systems will likely prevent their widespread use. In 1997, a tin-copper alloy was used to assemble a desktop telephone, the first such product made with lead-free solder     

Getting more out of eye diagrams [circuit testing]

The eye diagram, so called for its resemblance to a human eye, is a well-established tool. The communications industry uses it to observe and analyze the performance of circuits that drive the transfer of digital data streams. In its simplest form, it is generated on the screen of a storage oscilloscope (analog or digital) by overlaying sweeps of different segments of a long data stream driven by a master clock. The author describes how the eye diagram is used to obtain information about the circuit under test. The advent of the digital oscilloscope has led to improvements in the use of the method. Digital oscilloscopes give engineers the ability to use timing jitter, rise time, pulse width, amplitude, and more than 40 other signal parameters as the basis for making decisions-or, even better, for having automatic test equipment make them. The most powerful digital scopes will even calculate and display such statistical quantities as the mean, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation of these parameters     

Over and over and out [emergency radio systems]

In the future, emergency systems will have to account for the orderly use of multiple communications channels. This is most easily done using digital radios. Although much has been said about such radios in connection with the communications problems on 9/11, the fact is that the Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) had no such radios on the scene that day. Redundancy, clearly, was not overlooked by the FDNY. What the department did not anticipate was the scope and scale of the disaster. Future systems will doubtless have even more redundancy, some of it deployed well out of the immediate hazard area. Emergency repeaters mounted on helicopters might also prove valuable in dealing with skyscraper fires, especially since they could easily change position as needed to ensure coverage of a particular area.     

Managing care through the air [remote health monitoring]

This work describes the efforts of various companies to take advantage of wireless technology to develop devices that would allow remote monitoring of older people. The focus is on developing electronic devices to handle cognitive decline, cancer, cardiovascular and other aging-related diseases. The aim is to deduce the actions of older people in their homes through a network of wireless sensors and use that information to help patients comply with doctors' orders, enable remote caregiving by family and friends, and detect early signs of disease and prevent its progression.     

The rise of the body bots [robotic exoskeletons]

This paper discusses the current status of the research and development on robotic exoskeletons for both commercial and military applications in Japan and the US. Designed to help elderly and disabled people walk, climb stairs, and carry things around, the Japanese exoskeleton, called HAL-5, is set to hit the market in November 2005. Meanwhile, in the US, the most advanced exoskeleton projects are currently underway at the University of California and at Sacros Research Corp. Both groups are working on a second-generation exoskeleton that is a huge improvement over its predecessor. These projects appear to be the first of a platoon of considerably more capable exoskeletons aimed at real-world uses that may soon become part of the mainstream. While most of these systems are designed for the physically weak or disabled people, researchers are quick to mention other commercial possibilities including their use for rescue and emergency operations, moving furniture and other heavy objects, and even construction work.     

Taking the twinkle out of starlight

The article discusses the technology called adaptive optics used in improving telescopes, enabling astronomers to capture clear, sharp images of the galaxies, stars, and planets that populate the universe. The technique brings together the latest in computers, materials science, electronic detectors, and digital control in a system that warps and bends a mirror in the telescope to counteract, in real time, the atmospheric distortion. An adaptive optics system installed on the 6.5-meter-diameter telescope, called the MMT telescope, on Mt. Hopkins, south of Tucson, Arizona, takes the technology a step further. The ways by which adaptive optics overcomes the deficiencies of conventional telescopes with the design and structure of the adaptive secondary mirror and the use of ing interferometry are discussed.     

Think inside the box! optimizing web services performance today [web services in telecommunications, part II]

Although Web services technology holds great promise for universal integration, several obstacles stand in the way of its acceptance. Work is being done to address these obstacles to enable the adoption of Web services technology in the future,, but where do we stand today? In particular, what can be done today to combat the often cited problem of slow response time for Web services? Although XML hardware acceleration and SOAP compression schemes can improve the overall response, the authors found that the appropriate selection of client software, server software, and data structures can have a substantial impact. It is possible to have a profound impact on performance using tools that are routinely and dependably available to us now.     

Channel temperature measurement using pulse-gate method [poweramplifier FET]

In this paper, we report on an approach of measuring power amplifier field-effect transistor (FET) channel temperature under real-world operating conditions. The principle of this approach is to compare the magnitude of power amplifier gain at both DC and pulse bias conditions. By utilizing the temperature-dependent gain characteristic of the power amplifier FET and applying pulse-gate control, the gain would gradually decrease with the rising temperature of the hot plate. The channel temperature is then determined when the decreasing gain reaches the level of the base line, which is measured under the specified DC bias and radiofrequency conditions