硅胶固载光敏剂的合成及其在反式维生素D3光敏异构化为顺式维生素D3中的应用

采用丙二酸作为连接,针9－蒽甲醇连接到硅胶上生成硅胶固载的光敏剂。利用此因相光敏剂分别在乙醇和甲苯溶液中敏化反式维生素D3。实验结果表明，此固相光敏剂能够有效地敏化反式维生素D3为顺式维生素D3的反应，并且非常容易从反应体系中分离出来。     

双(苯并噁唑)芪的光物理行为及其异构化反应的研究

研究了双（苯并唑）芪的光物理行为和光顺反异构化反应,对这类化合物的发光光谱不依赖于溶剂极性的原因进行了初步讨论．异构化反应中,发现乙二醇引入时会加速该化合物反－顺异构化和抑制顺－反过程的回复,其原因可能是与生成了顺式异构体两个苯基苯并唑间的氢键有关．     

全有机配方在电厂循环冷却水系统中的应用

针对目前我国循环冷却水系统水处理药剂大多彩和聚磷酸盐及膦酸盐,而处理效果不够理想的现实,选用含有新型多功能阻垢分散剂ＴＳ－１６２０的全有机配方处理现场水,经实际应用,效果理想。     

OXIDATION AND REDUCTION OF MANGANESE ACETYLACETONATE COMPLEXES IN SOLVENT EXTRACTION SYSTEMS AND IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS BY ATMOSPHERIC OXYGEN

Partial oxidation of manganese(II) and Partial reduction of manganese(III) in acetylacetonate complexes occured in liqudd-liquid systems containing carbon tetrachloride and an aqueous sodium perchlorate solution buffered by sodium hydrogenecarbonate solution equilibrium was assumed to be established after a two phase agitation for several days. Howeve, when the manganese(II) complex was dissolved in air-saturated nonpolar organic solvents such as carbon tetrachloride benzene, and chloroform, it was quantitatively oxidized to the trivalent complex within one hour and the rate was dependent on both the oxygen and ligand. The rate was lower when the solvent was polar and also when an adduct-forming ligand with the bis-chelate such as trioctylphosphine oxide was added into carbon tetrachloride.     

VIDEOMICROSCOPY STUDY OF VERTICAL FLOW OF ORGANIC LIQUIDS IN WET AND DRY HETEROGENEOUS POROUS MEDIA

Videomicroscopy was used with a novel bead-pack micromodel to observe directly movement and distribution of toluene in the unsaturated zone during its initial entry, subsequent water infiltration and gravity drainage, and externally imposed fluctuations in the water table. In a partially water-saturated medium gravity drainage of toluene to the water table occurred as thin layers which flowed along continuous air-water interfaces, leaving a very low residual saturation. Experiments with presaturated toluene and water and with n-butanol and water showed that such drainage was faster and more complete for liquids that spread spontaneously on water, i.e., that had zero contact angle. However, whatever the spreading properties, drainage in such layers did not occur at all unless the gravitational driving force for downward flow exceeded the vertical capillary pressure gradient opposing flow. Toluene trapped in zones of low permeability or hydraulic conductivity during the first infiltration of water following toluene injection was not displaced during subsequent water infiltration and gravity drainage cycles. Fluctuations in the water table redistributed the toluene, in some cases trapping mobile toluene while in others mobilizing trapped toluene. The implications of these results for contamination and cleanup of ground water aquifers are discussed.     

TRANSPORT IN BRANCHED SYSTEMS I: STEADY-STATE RESPONSE

Branched or fractal-like extended surfaces are commonly found in natural systems and in engineered systems such as heterogeneous catalysts to enhance the rates of heat or mass transfer, or chemical reaction. Simple models can be derived to simulate the effectiveness and efficiency of these structures and provide some speculation concerning transport limitations affecting the evolutionary design of natural branching structures. Though the surface area of branching structures increases with each successive generation, their efficiency and effectiveness quickly approach asymptotic values. The transport limitations inherent in the structures render subsequent branching ineffective. Such limitations, characterized by environmentally driven, external transport resistances, may affect branching patterns found in plant root systems, mammalian motoneurons, and animal circulatory systems     

DISSOCIATION-RECOMBINATION IN NON-STATIC SYSTEMS: AN APPROXIMATE THEORY

An approximate theory for thermodynamically coupled heat and mass transfer in dissipative reacting flow systems (including a possible coupling between reaction rates), is applied here for the combined problems of Couette flow, channel flow and temperature difference between two parallel plates, wherein dissociation-recombination reactions take place. The analysis compares favorably with known solutions for reacting flow systems when the coupling is neglected. The influence of thermodynamic couplings on the temperature profile and on the reaction rate is then explained.     

有机溶剂中的酶催化反应

酶能在低水有机溶剂中起作用这一发现大大扩展了酶的应用范围。有机溶剂中的酶催化反应具有许多水中酶所没有的优势。本文强调了影响有机溶剂中酶的活性、稳定性和选择性的诸因素,概括了有机溶剂中酶的应用现状及前景。     

微反应器控制的化学反应的选择性

研究利用分子筛、Ｎａｆｉｏｎ薄膜、低密度聚乙烯薄膜和囊泡作为微反应器控制有机光化学反应的方向,提高反应的选择性和可能性。在ＮａＹ沸石或低密度聚乙烯薄膜中,带有长烷基链或醚链的二芳基化合物光二聚只生成分子内的加成产物,而不生成分子间的加成产物,从而在底物浓度很大的情况下,高选择性地合成了大环化合物。通过控制底物和敏化剂分子在ＺＳＭ－５沸石、Ｎａｆｉｏｎ薄膜和囊泡中的分布高选择性地控制烯烃光敏氧化反应