基于稳态流变测试的水泥浆体剪切模式研究

采用RHEORIAB QC型旋转黏度计测定不同剪切方式下水泥浆体稳态流变曲线,并用修正宾汉姆流变模型对其进行拟合,研究了剪切方式对水泥浆体稳态流变测试的影响.结果表明:预剪切对水泥浆体动态屈服应力和塑性黏度影响不大.恒定剪切变形速率小于、等于、大于、偏大于水泥浆体结构抗剪切破坏能力时,剪切应力随时间分别先线性增加接着保持同一值、直接保持恒定值、先减小接着保持同一值、轻微增加后达到平衡.随剪切速率增加,水泥浆体在0.1～100 s-1、100～400 s-1、400～600 s-1三个区段依次呈现出剪切变稀、宾汉姆流体、剪切增稠的流变行为.剪切速率变化范围向剪切变稀或剪切增稠段移动,水泥浆体动态屈服应力减小、塑性黏度增大;单个剪切速率的剪切时间越长,水泥浆体动态屈服应力、塑性黏度均越小.     

纳米SiO2对新拌水泥浆体流变性能的影响

选用RHEOLAB QC型旋转黏度计,分别测试了内掺水泥质量分数0.0％、1.0％、2.0％与3.0％纳米SiO2的水泥浆体在5℃、20℃、30℃时的稳态流变曲线、静态屈服应力、恒定速率剪切下的表观黏度与剪切应力,系统研究了不同环境温度时纳米SiO2对新拌水泥浆体流变性能的影响.结果表明:随纳米SiO2掺量增加,水泥浆体的动态屈服应力与稠度系数均显著增大;随温度升高,掺纳米SiO2的水泥浆体的稠度系数均增大,纳米SiO2掺量为0％与1.0％的水泥浆体的动态屈服应力增大,而纳米SiO2掺量为2.0％、3.0％的水泥浆体的动态屈服应力基本不变;随纳米SiO2掺量增加,水泥浆体的静态屈服应力与其在10～120 min的增长速率均增大;20℃、30℃时,随纳米SiO2掺量增加,水泥浆体的剪切变稀程度增大;5℃与30℃时,随纳米SiO2掺量增加,水泥浆体的触变指数增大;当纳米SiO2掺量为1.0％时,水泥浆体的活化能低,温度敏感性弱,热稳定性好.     

固相缩聚半芳香透明聚酰胺的流变性能

采用毛细管流变仪对固相缩聚半芳香透明聚酰胺(Semi-AromaticTransparent Polyamide,简称SATPA)的流变性能进行了研究。研究结果表明:固相缩聚SATPA熔体属假塑性流体,非牛顿指数随剪切速率的增大而减小;表观黏度随温度、剪切速率和剪切应力的升高而降低。随着剪切速率的增大,黏流活化能减小,表观黏度对于温度的敏感性减弱。     

埃洛石纳米管增强PHA复合材料的结晶性能及流变性能研究

采用共混的方法制备了聚羟基脂肪酸酯/埃洛石碳纳米管(PHA/HNT)复合材料,并利用DSC和流变仪研究了HNT用量对PHA/HNT复合材料结晶性能和流变性能的影响。结果表明:HNT能够显著提高PHA/HNT复合材料的熔融温度和结晶温度,具有明显的异相成核作用。PHA/HNT复合材料的表观黏度随剪切速率的增大逐渐减小,并趋于恒定;表观黏度随温度的升高而逐渐减小;随HNT用量的增加,表观黏度先减小后增大。随着温度的升高,PHA/HNT复合材料的非牛顿指数逐渐增大,逐渐趋近于牛顿型流体;随着HNT用量的增加,材料的非牛顿指数先增大后减小。     

水泥-粉煤灰-石灰石粉复合浆体的流变性能

采用Rheolab QC型旋转黏度计研究了水泥–粉煤灰–石灰石粉复合浆体的流变性能,分析了不同粉体含量以及石灰石粉颗粒粒径对复合浆体屈服应力、塑性黏度以及触变性的影响。结果表明:复合浆体中石灰石粉掺量增大或颗粒粒径减小,浆体屈服应力、塑性黏度和触变性均增大;随剪切速率增大,水泥–粉煤灰–石灰石粉复合浆体发生显著的剪切稀化现象,随后塑性黏度渐趋稳定,掺入石灰石粉后,提高了浆体由剪切稀化向塑性黏度逐渐稳定时需要的剪切速率;在水泥–粉煤灰体系浆体中掺入质量分数为20%～40%石灰石粉能够显著改善浆体的流变性能,提高浆体的稳定性。     

回收料制备人造草丝熔体的流变性能研究

采用聚合物动态流变测试仪研究了含回收料的人造草丝熔体的流变性能,探讨了回收料用量、温度、口模长径比对熔体表观黏度和挤出胀大比的影响。结果表明,人造草丝熔体属于假塑性熔体,其表观黏度随剪切速率和回收料用量的增加而降低。在剪切速率500s-1时,回收料用量越低,熔体的表观黏度降低越明显;剪切速率1800s-1时,熔体的表观黏度变化平缓且较为接近。对于100%回收料草丝熔体,其表观黏度随温度的升高和口模长径比的减小而降低;挤出胀大比则随温度的升高和口模长径比的增大而降低。     

PP/WSPET/ZnO三元共混合金的流变性研究

用CFT-500型毛细管流变仪研究了PP/WSPET/ZnO共混体系的流变性能。研究结果表明:PP/WSPET/ZnO共混合金为典型的假塑性流体,WSPET含量增加,流体产生不稳定流动的临界剪切速率增大。共混合金的表观黏度和零切黏度随WSPET含量和温度提高而减小。黏度对温度的依赖性随WSPET含量增加和剪切速率的增大而减小。     

聚苯硫醚流变行为研究

采用高压毛细管流变仪研究了进口聚苯硫醚(PPS)树脂的流变性能,分析了剪切速率、温度对PPS树脂流变行为的影响。结果表明,PPS树脂的非牛顿指数均小于1;在低剪切速率下,PPS树脂的表观黏度对温度的依赖程度高于高剪切速率下的依赖程度;PPS树脂的黏流活化能随剪切速率的增加呈减小趋势,其结构黏度指数随温度升高而减小。     

氢氧化镁阻燃EVAC的流变性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了Mg(OH)2阻燃乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯塑料(EVAC),并采用毛细管流变仪对其流变性能进行了研究。讨论了温度、剪切速率和剪切应力对熔体表观黏度的影响;研究了黏流活化能与剪切速率的变化规律。结果表明,熔体的表观黏度随温度的升高而降低,随剪切速率和剪切应力的增大而减小;黏流活化能随剪切速率的增大而降低。其非牛顿指数小于1,说明Mg(OH)2阻燃EVAC为假塑性流体。当剪切应力无限小时,由Spencer-Dillon公式外推得到阻燃EVAC的零切黏度。     

含炭黑PET的流变性能研究

采用毛细管流变仪对含炭黑聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)切片的流变性能进行研究,并与普通PET切片的流变性能进行比较。结果表明:在一定的测试温度下,含炭黑PET熔体为剪切变稀的假塑性非牛顿流体;随温度的升高,含炭黑PET熔体的表观黏度逐渐下降,非牛顿指数逐渐增大;含炭黑PET熔体的黏流活化能随剪切速率的增大而逐渐减小;在含炭黑PET的纺丝过程中,可以通过升高温度、提高剪切速率来改善熔体的流动性能。     

水泥浆体屈服应力和黏度与其测试分析影响因素研究

采用RHEOLAB QC型旋转黏度计,分别以转速与剪切速率为控制变量测定了水泥浆体稳态流变曲线,分别用Couette转换与流变模型研究了水泥浆体屈服应力和黏度与测试及分析影响因素之间的关系.结果表明:Couette转换能反映测试条件变化对屈服应力和黏度的影响;增大试样筒与转子的间距,由转速转化的剪切速率增大,颗粒迁移作用增强,动态屈服应力递减,塑性黏度递增;增大试样筒外壁的摩擦系数,浆体与外筒壁间相对运动情况不发生变化,对动态屈服应力与塑性黏度基本无影响;依据拟合相关系数,流变模型中Herschel-Bulkley模型的吻合程度最好;依据结果标准差,Herschel-Bulkley模型的动态屈服应力结果稳定性最好,Bingham与改进Bingham模型的塑性黏度结果的稳定性相差不大.     

超细粉体对水泥净浆流变行为影响研究

采用截锥圆模法测定不同掺量超细粉体水泥复合浆液的流动度.采用ZNN-D6B型旋转黏度计研究超细玻璃粉和偏高岭土两种超细粉体对水泥净浆流变行为的影响,得到了剪切速率-剪切应力(γ-τ)曲线和剪切速率-表观粘度(γ-μa)曲线,并分别采用宾汉姆模型和赫-巴模型对γ-τ流变曲线进行拟合,得到不同掺量超细玻璃粉-水泥(GP-C)复合浆液和偏高岭土-水泥(MK-C)复合浆液的动切力、塑性粘度、稠度系数和流性指数等流变参数.结果表明:超细粉体的加入降低了复合浆液的流动度.随着掺量的增加,两种复合浆液的宾汉动切力τ0、塑性粘度η、赫-巴动切力τy均逐渐增大,MK-C复合浆液的稠度系数K和流性指数n逐渐减小,GP-C复合浆液的稠度系数K呈现增大-减小-增大的趋势,而流性指数n呈现减小-增大-减小的趋势.所有样本表观粘度μa都随着剪切速率的增大而减小,呈现剪切稀释现象.     

乳胶粉掺量对纤维素醚改性水泥浆体流变性能的影响

采用Anton Paar MCR 302型流变仪研究了乳胶粉掺量对纤维素醚改性水泥浆体流变性能和触变性的影响.结果表明,掺入乳胶粉的纤维素醚改性水泥浆体表现为剪切稀化的流变特性,当剪切速率较小时,浆体黏度下降显著.乳胶粉掺量越大,浆体基于Herschel-Bulkey模型拟合得到的屈服应力和黏度系数均越大.并且乳胶粉能...     

纳米氧化铝对硅酸盐水泥浆体流变、水化和硬化强度的影响

本文研究了纳米氧化铝(NA)对硅酸盐水泥浆体的早期流变性、中期水化特性和后期力学性能的影响,并且分析了三个阶段之间参数的相关性。结果表明,NA的掺入增大了新拌水泥浆体的屈服应力和塑性黏度,且当NA掺量范围为3%~5%时,屈服应力和塑性黏度最大增幅均超过110%。在水泥浆体中掺入NA明显改变了硅酸盐水泥早期的水化放热速率和放热量,并且使得浆体在各龄期的抗压强度和抗折强度有所增长。对于该复合胶凝体系,早期的水化放热量与流变参数呈指数增长的变化趋势,而放热峰值速率与抗压强度则存在近似线性的函数关系。     

PP/玻璃微珠复合材料的流变性能

制备了聚丙烯/玻璃微珠复合材料,在温度为175～225℃和载荷为1.2～12.5kg的条件下,应用熔体流动速率仪考察了填料粒径、剪切速率、载荷及温度等对复合材料熔体流变特性的影响。结果表明:熔体的剪切流动服从幂律定律;熔体的表观黏度对温度的依赖性符合Arrhenius方程;表观黏度随剪切速率和剪切应力的增加而下降;挤出胀大比随温度的升高而下降,随剪切应力和剪切速率的增大而增大。在此基础上,预测了第一法向应力差,发现其随剪切速率的增大而增大。     

Melt rheological properties of nickel powder filled polypropylene composites

The melt rheological properties of nickel powder filled polypropylene composites were investigated. The effect of filler concentration on shear stress-shear rate data, melt viscosity and melt elasticity parameters were determined by using a capillary rheometer. The study shows that the materials follow a power law in viscous behavior over the entire range of shear rates investigated and that the viscosity increases and elasticity decreases as filler concentration is increased up to a critical value. However, beyond the critical filler content melt viscosity decreases while melt elasticity increases. The effect of temperature on the viscoelastic properties of filled polypropylene was also investigated.     

Rheological properties of grouts with viscosity modifying agents as diutan gum and welan gum incorporating pulverised fly ash

This investigation was undertaken to evaluate the influence of the dosage of the second generation of viscosity modifying agent (diutan gum) on fluidity and rheological parameters of cement-based materials grout compared to welan gum. All grouts were made with 0.40 water-to-binder ratio (W/B). The fresh properties of control grouts made without any viscosity modifying agent (VMA) and with superplasticizer (SP) were compared to those of grouts made with 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08% diutan gum by mass of binder. Similar mixes made with welan gum were compared to those containing diutan gums. The effect of admixtures on fluidity and rheological parameters are discussed in this paper. The effect of the replacement of cement by pulverised fly ash (PFA) was also investigated. Grouts with replacements of PFA of 5, 13 and 20% by mass were used with the same W/B. Similar control grouts and mixes incorporated different dosages of PFA made with welan gum were made in order to compare the fluidity and the rheological parameters to the previous grouts made with diutan gum.The results show that the increase of the dosage of diutan gum and welan gum for a given dosage of SP increases significantly the yield value, the apparent and plastic viscosity and reduces the fluidity. With an increase in dosage of SP, the apparent viscosity at low shear rate decreases dramatically than that at high rate of shear rate due to the pseudo-plastic rheology of the grouts containing VMA. Both VMAs exhibited high apparent viscosity values at low shear rates which were attributed to the entanglement and intertwining of VMA polymer chains at low shear rate and association of water between adjacent chains. For a given dosage of VMA, diutan gum showed a high apparent viscosity than welan which could be attributed to the molecular weight and to the long-side chain of diutan gum leading to greater entanglement and intertwining. For any given dosage of SP, the diutan gum exhibited higher yield value and plastic viscosity than welan gum. Diutan gum grouts demonstrate a greater yield value and apparent and plastic viscosity than welan gum for control and PFA grouts. The replacement of cement by PFA resulted in a reduction of yield value and an increase in plastic viscosity.     

碳纤维增强尼龙66的研究

利用HAAKE流变仪研究了碳纤维增强尼龙66的流变特性,以及温度对碳纤维增强尼龙66流变性能的影响,并测试了碳纤维增强尼龙66的力学性能。结果表明,碳纤维增强尼龙66在一定剪切速率下,剪切应力下降,表观粘度降低,并且随着剪切速率增加,表观粘度提高;当挤出机头温度升高时,在一定剪切速率下,其剪切应力和表观粘度都降低。而制品的硬度、冲击强度和拉伸强度等力学性能均比纯尼龙66有明显的提高。     

Rheological behavior of semi‐aromatic transparent polyamide

The rheological behaviors of semi‐aromatic transparent polyamide (SATPA) melt are investigated using a capillary rheometer. The effects of shear rate, shear stress, and temperature on the apparent viscosity η_a of SATPA are discussed. A correlation of non‐Newtonian index with temperature is obtained. The results show the shear thinning of SATPA; meanwhile η_a decreases with increasing temperature and shear rate, and the viscous flow activation energy is further obtained from temperature dependence of the samples. It was concluded that the apparent viscosity η_a is sensitive to temperature at lower shear rate owing to the higher viscous flow activation energy; on the contrary, the influence of temperature effect on the apparent viscosity becomes minor at higher shear rate due to the lower viscous flow activation energy. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1586–1589, 2005