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Neurodegenerative disorders are a vicious woe to the public health and wellness. Uncertainty in their underlying causes, lack of effective biomarkers for their early detection, existence of only supportive therapy, and their ever rising incidence creates an unmatched need for targeted therapies. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have found to be promising candidates for regenerative and remedial therapy in neurodegenerative disorders, however several biological risks and practical issues impede in their translational utility. Deriving from MSCs are certain Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), which aid in the paracrine action of MSCs and have lately gained the scientific interest for their implacability in diverse set ups. Their cargo is of utmost importance and is being explored in various different diseases like heart diseases, neuronal diseases, respiratory diseases and hepatic diseases. They thereby hold the position of a likely prospective remedial candidate for therapy against neurodegenerative disorders. 相似文献
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Exosomes, especially from mesenchymal stem cells, have attracted extensive attention in regeneration medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes (MSCs-exosomes) have shown anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis and tissue regeneration effects in a variety of tissue injury repair models. MSCs-exosomes hold many excellent properties such as low immunogenicity, biocompatibility, and targeting capability. With the in-depth study on the generation and function of exosomes, MSCs-exosomes are considered to be the bright stars in the field of regenerative medicine. However, there are still many obstacles to overcome in terms of exosomes isolation, clinical trials and safety evaluation. In this article, what we should focus on about MSCs-exosomes in regeneration medicine will be discussed. 相似文献
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MAJA MILOSEVIC MILOS LAZAREVIC BOSKO TOLJIC MILAN PETROVIC MIROSLAV VUKADINOVIC ZORAN JEZDIC BOBAN ANICIC DRAGO JELOVAC SVETLANA JOVANOVIC JELENA MILASIN 《Biocell》2021,45(6):1543-1550
Specific cell subpopulations identified as cancer stem cells (CSCs) can be found in basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Generally, CSCs have a marked trans-differentiation potential that could potentially be used in differentiation therapies. However, there are no studies regarding BCC CSCs multipotency. The aim of the study was to analyze the characteristic of CSCs of BCC with emphasis on their differentiation potential upon specific induction. Specific staining and cell morphology were used for differentiation confirmation, along with the expression analysis of osteogenic (ALP, BSP, Runx2, OCN, BMP2), chondrogenic (COL1 and COL2A1), adipogenic (PPAR-γ) and neurogenic (Nestin and MAP2) markers. BCC CSCs differentiated into osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages, as judged by staining and high expression of specific markers (from 2-to 92-fold higher upon induction). Concomitantly with differentiation, the levels of cancer stem cell markers decreased in the cultures. Adipo-differentiation and neuro-differentiation were unsuccessful. In conclusion, BCC CSCs exhibit the capacity to trans-differentiate, a characteristic that may potentially be useful in the development of new strategies for the treatment of aggressive BCCs. 相似文献
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Response of donor and recipient cells after transplantation of cells to the ligament and tendon 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The mechanical properties of healing ligaments and tendons are not comparable to those of normal tissue. To improve the quality of the ligament healing, therapeutic strategies include gene transfer or placement of mesenchymal stem cells at the healing site. Studies show that marker genes, growth factors, and antisense oligonucleotides can be delivered to both normal and healing ligaments and tendons by gene transfer. Cells with and without genetic modification have been successfully transplanted to ligaments and tendons and remain viable. Tendon healing can be improved using collagen gel implants seeded with autologous mesenchymal stem cells. Even though these early results are encouraging, more work is required regarding the response of the recipient site to donor cells or vectors. 相似文献
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A survey of the literature shows that in many studies on the wear resistance of tooth enamel or dental materials a large scatter of experimental data has been obtained when wear tests were performed at a fixed load. Despite the steady loading, wear conditions vary during sliding, since tooth enamel as well as dental materials have inhomogeneous structure. This leads to changes in contact interactions between sliding surfaces, and as a result, we get changes in the friction and wear behaviour of tested materials. This is why at the same loading the wear can be different. In this study, more reliable approach to evaluation of the wear resistance of human enamel and dental materials is proposed. The procedure is based on the correlation between the volumetric wear and the friction energy dissipated during sliding. The model can be useful to compare the wear resistance of different dental materials tested in different ambient conditions. 相似文献
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A new tribometer for friction and wear studies of dental materials and hard tooth tissues 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper presents a new tribometer developed for a study of the tribological behaviours of dental materials and hard tooth tissues. The device simulates oral kinematic conditions and the loading produced during masticatory process. The tribometer is similar to the existing devices regarding the kinematic features, i.e. it produces an adjustable oscillating movement. However, the device machine is equipped with a unique pneumatic system of loading controlled via computer by special software called TOOTHY. The programmable system allows easy adjusting of the loading parameters such as the magnitude of normal force and its amplitude or pattern of cyclic loading. In this way different combinations of loads can be applied thus making the investigation of different wear situations possible. The device has two full bridge strain gauges for the measurement of loading and friction forces, by which the coefficient of friction is determined.The use of the tribometer is illustrated by a comparative study of tribological behaviour of human enamel subjected to two- and three-body friction, and to two different loading patterns as well. The obtained results are discussed. 相似文献
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细胞及生物材料的成形制造技术 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
人体组织和器官的重建及修复一直是生命科学、医学等相关领域研究的热点,制造科学、材料科学与生命科学不断发展及交叉融合,使得体外构建人体组织和器官的功能性替代物成为可能。将细胞及生物材料作为成形加工的对象,在体外构建具有特殊三维结构及功能的类组织前体,扩大了现代制造科学的学科领域及内涵,拓宽了材料加工技术的应用领域,也为生命科学的发展注入了新的活力。从制造科学的角度,在阐述细胞与生物材料的成形制造中所涉及的主要科学问题的基础上,从单一的细胞、材料以及细胞和材料共同参与的成形制造等3个方面总结了国内外主要的成形制造技术及研究进展,并进行了分析和评价。 相似文献
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张军;李芳芳;王延忠 《机械传动》2022,46(11):141-145
为了获取面齿轮磨损区域的位置和大小信息,提出了一种基于逆向工程的面齿轮齿面磨损检测方法。根据测量原理,推导了测量坐标的转换矩阵;通过齿廓偏差测量及误差补偿算法,求得测量点的补偿点,并给出了NURBS曲面拟合的控制方程;搭建试验台,进行了实例操作,将标准齿面与磨损曲面进行对比分析,未磨损区域数据匹配性良好,磨损区域数据点清晰、无噪点。结果说明,基于逆向工程的面齿轮齿面磨损检测方法正确可行,为以后的绿色再制造提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
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Stem cell research is a promising area of transplantation and regenerative medicine with tremendous potential for improving the clinical treatment and diagnostic options across a variety of conditions and enhancing understanding of human development. Over the past few decades, mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) studies have exponentially increased with a promising outcome. However, regardless of the huge investment and the research attention given to stem cell research, FDA approval for clinical use is still lacking. Amid the challenges confronting stem cell research as a cell-based product, there appears to be evidence of superior effect and heightened potential success in its expressed vesicles, exosomes, as cell-free products. In addition to their highly desirable intrinsic biologically unique structural, compositional, and morphological characteristics, as well as predominant physiochemical stability and biocompatibility properties, exosomes can also be altered to enhance their therapeutic capability or diagnostic imaging potential via physical, chemical, and biological modification approaches. More importantly, the powerful therapeutic potential and superior biological functions of exosomes, particularly, regarding engineered exosomes as cell-free products, and their utilization in a new generation of nanomedicine treatment, vaccination, and diagnosis platforms, brings hope of a change in the near future. This viewpoint discusses the trend of stem cell research and why stem cell-derived exosomes could be the game-changer. 相似文献
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RUXIN ZHANG CHENGGANG LI RUOCHEN DU YITONG YUAN BICHUN ZHAO YUJUAN ZHANG CHUNFANG WANG 《Biocell》2022,46(3):583-592
Extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Studies have shown that aggregates of extracellular Aβ can induce neuroinflammation mediated neurotoxic signaling through microglial activation and release of pro-inflammatory factors. Thus, modulation of Aβ might be a potential therapeutic strategy for modifying disease progression. Recently, a large number of reports have confirmed the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on AD. It is believed to reduce neuroinflammation, reduce Aβ amyloid deposits and NFTs, increase acetylcholine levels, promote neurogenesis, reduce neuronal damage, and improve working memory and cognition. In this review, we focus on the role of MSCs in clearing Aβ deposition. MSCs have the potential to modulate Aβ-related microenvironments via enhancement of autophagy, proteolysis of Aβ aggregates, phagocytic clearance of Aβ by microglial M2 polarization, decrease oxidative stress (OS), and correction of abnormal sphingolipid (SL) metabolism. With advantages in clinical applications, these data suggest that the use of MSCs as a multi-target modulator of Aβ would be an effective therapeutic approach in AD. 相似文献
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Yesica Romina FRONTINI-LÓPEZ Aldana Daniela GOJANOVICH Diego MASONE Diego Martín BUSTOS Marina UHART 《Biocell》2018,42(3):67-78
In the last years, much work has shown that the most effective repair system of the body is represented bystem cells, which are defined as undifferentiated precursors that own unlimited or prolonged self-renewal ability,which also have the potential to transform themselves into various cell types through differentiation.All tissues thatform the body contain many different types of somatic cells, along with stem cells that are called ‘mesenchymal stem(or stromal) cells’ (MSC). In certain circumstances, some of these MSC migrate to injured tissues to replace dead cellsor to undergo differentiation to repair it.The discovery of MSC has been an important step in regenerative medicinebecause of their high versatility. Moreover, the finding of a method to isolate MSC from adipose tissue, so called‘adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells’ (ASC), which share similar differentiation capabilities and isolation yield thatis greater than other MSC, and less bioethical concerns compared to embryonic stem cells, have created self-praisedpublicity to procure almost any treatment with them. Here, we review the current techniques for isolation, culture anddifferentiation of human ASC (hASC), and describe them in detail. We also compile some advantages of the hASC overother stem cells, and provide some concepts that could help finding strategies to promote their therapeutic efficiency. 相似文献
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基于快速原型的组织工程支架成形技术 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
组织工程是生物制造的重要发展阶段,通过先成形生物材料的支架,然后在上面复合细胞的方式,来实现组织器官的人工制造。支架的性能在组织工程的应用中非常重要。相比传统的支架成形方法,基于离散—堆积原理的快速原型技术,所制造的支架个性化程度较高:支架的孔隙率、力学性能、生物相容性和降解特性等方面,可以通过参数设计和材料选择的方法进行人工设定;因此非常适于构建结构性的组织和器官。介绍了现有的基于快速原型的组织工程支架的成形技术,总结了其特点及应用现状,并分析讨论了其优缺点。 相似文献
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JU HYUNG LEE IL-KWON KIM SANG WOO KIM SOYEON LIM SEAHYOUNG LEE KI-CHUL HWANG BYEONG-WOOK SONG 《Biocell》2022,46(10):2231-2234
The complex mechanism of degenerative diseases and the non-specific modulation of regenerative targets aretopics that need to be elucidated in order to advance the use of stem cells in improvement of neurodegenerative diseases.From pre-transplantation through post-transplantation, there are many changes in the conditions, both inside andoutside of the stem cells that have not been carefully considered. This has hindered development in the field of celltherapy and regeneration. This viewpoint highlights the potential implications of intracellular and extracellularalterations of stem cells in transplanted areas at risk of neurodegenerative disease. 相似文献
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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have abilities to mediate tissue protection through mechanisms of anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidative stress and anti-fibrosis as well as tissue regeneration through mechanisms of cell proliferation, differentiation and angiogenesis. These effects by MSCs are mediated by a variety of factors, including growth factors, cytokines and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Among these factors, EVs, containing proteins, mRNA and microRNAs (miRNA), may carry their contents into distant tissues with high stability. Therefore, the treatment with MSC-derived EVs may be promising as ‘natural’ drug delivery systems (DDS). Especially, the treatment of MSC-derived EVs with the manipulation of specific miRNAs expression has been reported to be beneficial under a variety of diseases and tissue injuries. The overexpression of specific miRNAs in the EVs might be through pre-loading method using the gene editing system by plasmid vector or post-loading method to load miRNA mimics into EVs by electroporation or calcium chloride-mediated transfection. Despite current several challenges for clinical use, it should open the next era of regenerative medicine for a variety of diseases. In this article, we highlight the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs as ‘natural’ DDS and current challenges. 相似文献
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力学训练可促进心肌细胞的连接和排列,是体外构建功能性心肌组织必不可少的手段。针对目前体外力学训练方法单一的现状,模拟正常心肌组织的受力状态设计制造了体外二维力学训练机构,并对采用铸型法构建的组织工程心肌片层进行周期性二维拉伸训练;采用有限元方法对训练过程中心肌片层的变形和受力状态进行模拟,并与组织学和细胞形态检测结果进行对比;通过试验结果及理论计算,证明二维力学训练对细胞连接和排列的促进作用,研究影响细胞生长的力学因素。结果表明,体外周期性二维力学训练可以促进心肌片层中细胞间的相互连接和定向排布,拉伸过程中的应力方向与大小直接影响片层中细胞的排列特征,外力达到一定值后能明显促进心肌细胞的定向排列,且细胞排列的方向与应力方向一致。 相似文献
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TRINIDAD MONTERO-VILCHEZ MANUEL SANCHEZ-DIAZ CAROLINA MONTERO-VILCHEZ ALVARO SIERRA-SANCHEZ SALVADOR ARIAS-SANTIAGO 《Biocell》2022,46(11):2363-2367
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic cutaneous inflammatory disease caused by an interaction between genetic, immune and epidermal barrier factors. Several treatments can be used to treat this disease but there are patients that do not respond to actual drugs. So, there is a need to develop effective therapies for AD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic multipotent adult progenitor cells with immunomodulatory power and self-regenerating capacity to repair tissue damage, so they could be a potential effective treatment for AD. MSCs-Conditioned Medium (CM) and MSCs-exosomes are cell-free preparation with molecules secreted by stem cells that could be also beneficial for AD. This viewpoint reviews the actual development of MSCs, MSCs-CM and MSCs-exosomes for treating patients with AD. 相似文献