粉末涂料用环氧树脂的合成研究

介绍了粉末涂料用环氧树脂的合成方法,详细讨论了一步溶剂法合成环氧树脂的工艺条件,确定了溶剂、碱用量、反应时间等因素的影响。     

封闭型环氧嵌段聚氨酯阴极电泳漆的制备与性能研究

合成了以聚氨酯为主链环氧树脂嵌段改性的封闭型阴极电泳漆。先制得预聚体,接着用环氧树脂接枝到聚氨酯主链上,最后用甲乙酮肟对剩余的—NCO封端。利用DSC对漆膜测试,证明树脂经解封后玻璃化温度明显提高。环氧树脂的接枝使漆膜的硬度、厚度进一步优化。研究了溶剂、环氧树脂及亲水剂用量和助溶剂种类的变化对漆膜性能的影响。实验结果表明恰当的参数配比能使漆膜性能达到最佳。     

酚醛环氧乙烯酯树脂研究

本文以酚醛环氧树脂F-51与甲基丙烯酸合成出酚醛环氧乙烯酯树脂,并对此树脂的耐热性、耐化学溶剂性能进行了研究.     

环氧树脂水性化反应中新型溶剂的研究

从分子设计的角度出发,选用E-44型环氧树脂为母体,2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为改性剂,通过自由基接枝聚合反应在环氧树脂分子中引入亲水性的分子链段,制得了具有自乳化功能的环氧树脂体系;研究了乙二醇丁醚、正丁醇、丙酮、乙醇、甲醇和蒸馏水,以及不同配比的正丁醇和丙酮的混和溶剂分别作溶剂对反应效果的影响;并用红外光谱和激光粒度分析仪对改性产物的结构和乳液粒径进行了表征。结果表明,以丙酮与正丁醇的混和溶剂溶解环氧树脂可以使环氧树脂得到良好水溶性的同时保留相当数量的环氧基,产物收率最高可达到98%,完全符合分子设计的预期结果。     

溶剂法生产粉末涂料树脂——E—12环氧树脂

近年来，随着粉末涂料技术飞速发展，粉末涂料已深入到人民生活中的方方面面，竞争更加激烈，粉末涂料品种不断推旧出新，透明粉，薄涂层粉相继开发并推向市场，因此，作为粉末涂料的主要原料-环氧树脂的质量和净度的提高，已经摆在树脂生产厂家的日常议程上来，用常规水洗法生产604环氧树脂，杂质多，氯含量高，净度差，用二步合成法生产的603环氧树脂，净度好，氯含量低，但有时因使用催化剂并在高温下反应，易产生胶化颗粒，等等。这些因素都会影响透明粉和薄层粉产品质量，严重制约粉末涂料的发展，为此，我们开发了溶剂法生产E-12环氧树脂的制造工艺，其产品满足各种粉末对环氧树脂的质量要求。     

二步法合成中高分子量环氧树脂

我国曾应用水洗法及溶剂法合成中高分子量环氧树脂，水洗法由于终点不易控制，稍不注意，就可能出现不合格，甚至造成损失；溶剂法要耗费溶剂，且软化点难以达到国家标准。参照有关经验，采用了二步法合成中高分子量环氧树脂达到了国家标准。     

环氧导静电涂料混合溶剂的研究

研究油罐内壁环氧导静电涂料,对保证石油贮罐的安全使用、排除静电荷的积累有着重要意义。不同比例的混合溶剂对环氧导静电涂料的各种性能影响很大,因此,混合溶剂的选择尤为重要。本实验选用二甲苯和正丁醇作为环氧树脂的混合溶剂,研究不同比例的混合溶剂对环氧树脂溶解能力的影响,以及对漆膜导静电性能、耐油性能的影响。结果表明:二甲苯与正丁醇按质量比1:1配制的混合溶剂对环氧树脂E-20具有较强的溶解能力,且制备的漆膜具有优异的导电性和耐油性。     

碳酸二甲酯在涂料中的应用前景

介绍了碳酸二甲酯的基本性能和技术参数,利用其溶解度参数对醇酸树脂漆、环氧树脂漆、氨基漆、丙烯酸树脂漆、氟碳树脂漆、高氯化树脂漆的溶剂进行改进,介绍了各自的改进配方。     

溶剂法对氨基苯磺酸的合成研究

将溶剂汽油进行惰性化处理后作为溶剂，在该溶剂中合成了对氨基苯磺酸，产品收率在９０％以上，溶剂回收率在９５％左右。     

绿色离子液体的合成与应用

离子液体作为一种新型绿色溶剂,目前被广泛应用于有机合成、溶剂、萃取和分离、电化学等领域。本文主要介绍了离子液体的特点和几种合成方法。分析比较了不同合成方法的特点,介绍了离子液体作为溶剂的原理和应用。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。