涤纶原丝EYS1.5测试新方法

根据涤纶原丝 EYS1.5(倍半伸长率 )的定义 ,提出一种使用 XQ- 1强伸仪测试涤纶原丝 EYS1.5的方法 ,并对该方法的准确性进行论证。     

三维卷曲中空涤纶短纤维原丝平衡过程中性能变化的探讨

采用常规分析方法对三维卷曲中空涤纶短纤维的线密度、中空率、断面不匀、EYS1.5与平衡时间的关系进行讨论 ,并认为 :由于三维卷曲中空纤维的特殊的工艺条件和成型机理 ,在大生产装置中每批原丝需要有 4h以上的平衡时间。     

仪器对涤纶纤维拉伸性能测试结果的影响分析

过用XQ 1和YG0 0 1 A进行初生纤维EYS1 5测试对比试验分析 ,证明两种仪器EYS1 5测试值无差异 ,并从夹持器材料性能角度分析了二者用于测试涤纶短纤维成品断裂强度、断裂伸长时有差异而测试初生纤维EYS1 5时无差异的原因     

20.00dtex三维卷曲中空涤纶短纤维的试制

利用现有 14 44dtex喷丝板 ,试制了 2 0 0 0dtex三维卷曲中空涤纶短纤维 ,并探讨了其生产工艺 ,认为制订合理工艺的关键在于降低EYS1 5值     

索式萃取法测定聚丙烯腈原丝的含油率

采用索氏萃取法测定聚丙烯腈(PAN)原丝的含油率,分析了萃取剂配比、萃取温度、萃取时间及萃取次数对测试结果的影响,探讨了原丝含油率与灰分含量之间的关系。结果表明:采用索氏萃取法测试PAN原丝含油率的最佳条件为萃取剂甲醇和氯仿体积比为1/1.5～1/2.5,萃取温度为80～85℃,萃取时间为2.5 h,萃取次数为1;此方法的回收率为97.8%～103.1%,相对标准偏差为1.14%,但该法只能测试PAN原丝表面的油剂含量,渗透至原丝内部的油剂难以萃取出来,可通过烧蚀后的灰分含量来反映。     

氨化对PAN原丝结构性能的影响

在聚丙烯腈(PAN)原丝湿法纺丝生产过程中,以二甲基亚砜/水(DMSO/H_2O)为凝固体系,在DMSO质量分数为72%,温度为52℃的凝固浴中通过流量计定量加入氨,以凝固浴溶液的pH值衡量氨化量的大小,研究了不同pH值对PAN原丝结构、性能及可纺性的影响。结果表明:在凝固浴溶液的pH值为8.6~10.0时,PAN原丝径向形态由腰形变成腰圆形,最后变成圆形;随着凝固浴溶液pH值的升高,PAN原丝的结晶度先升高后下降,膨润度则先降低后升高,直径不均率下降,强力不均率先下降后升高;凝固浴溶液pH值为9.5时,PAN原丝的结晶度最高,膨润度最小,直径不均率和强力不均率最低,可纺性最好,最终PAN基碳纤维的强度最高为3.83 GPa。     

凝固浴流动场对PAN原丝性能的影响

采用二甲基亚砜-湿法纺丝制备T800 6K PAN原丝。凝固浴其他条件不变,通过摄影指示法对凝固浴流动场进行调节,考察了不同循环量对PAN原丝相形态及纤度的影响,最后得出流量在1.4 m3/h时,T800 6K聚丙烯腈原丝截面为规则长圆形,无断丝,原丝纤度CV值最小为1.0%。     

吉林化纤5kt/a碳纤维原丝项目投产

<正>2012年7月报道,吉林化纤集团建成5 kt/a碳纤维原丝生产线。该项目共建成4条生产线,其中1条为500t/a T300级1 K,3K的碳纤维原丝生产线,另外3条为1.5kt/a低成本T300级12 K碳纤维原丝生产线。随着生产线的全部投产,预计年销售收入将达到4亿元,实现利润     

质量控制图在拉丝中的应用

原丝支数是一个基本质量指标,它对玻璃纱的强力、玻璃布的厚度有着重要的影响。因此控制原丝支数这一质量指标显得特别重要。今年以来,我们运用了X——R_S质量控制图,即测量值X与两测量值之差的绝对值R_S质量控制图,由操作工人自己打点连     

聚丙烯腈原丝生产过程中理论纤度的控制

介绍了一种理论纤度的计算方法,通过调节工艺参数即可直接得出纤维的纤度值。研究表明：原丝纤度与纺丝原液中总固质量分数等7项因素有关,纺1k原丝时,理论计算公式系数为5．653;纺3k原丝时,理论计算公式系数为9．680。在工艺控制过程中,可以通过理论计算来实现对纤维纤度的控制调节,方法简便易行,对原丝生产有较大的指导意义．     

提高涤纶有光丝拉伸性能的工艺

在降低聚酯黏度、提升负荷的条件下,通过提高后纺拉伸倍率,拉伸温度等来保证断裂强度等品质指标,改善了纤维的拉伸性能。原丝倍半伸长率是确定纺丝工艺调整方向和幅度的重要依据。     

不饱和聚酯浇铸体拉伸性能与固化度的关系

本文讨论了常温固化不饱和聚酯树脂浇涛体的拉伸强度、拉伸模量、断裂延伸率与固化度之间的关系。验证了浇涛体最高拉伸强度不与最高固化度同步出现的现象。     

捆绑纱对预定向经编织物性能的影响

通过用玻璃纤维／涤纶捆绑纱及不同经编组织结构,研究捆绑纱对预定向经编织物性能的影响。结果表明,玻纤可用于捆绑纱组织中,其编织后强度比涤纶纱高33．3％。玻纤捆绑纱可改善树脂对织物的浸渍性,降低最终复合材料的孔隙率,提高复合材料的拉伸和剪切等力学性能。不同的捆绑纱组织结构对复合材料的力学性能影响显著,玻纤做捆绑纱时,经平组织比编链组织复合材料的经向拉伸强度高7．97％,弯曲强度高约5％。     

Synthesis and mechanical properties of unsaturated polyester based nanocomposites

Two classes of nanocomposites were synthesized using an unsaturated polyester resin as the matrix and sodium montmorillonite as well as an organically modified montmorillonite as the reinforcing agents. X‐ray diffraction pattern of the composites showed that the interlayer spacing of the modified montmorillonite expanded from 1.25 nm to 4.5 nm, indicating intercalation. Glass transition values of these composites increased from 72°C, in the unfilled unsaturated polyester, to 86°C in the composite with 10% organically modified montmorillonite. From Scanning Electron Microscopy, it is seen that the degree of intercalation/exfoliation of the modified montmorillonite is higher than in the unmodified one. The mechanical properties also supported these findings, since in general, the tensile modulus, tensile strength, flexural modulus, flexural strength and impact strength of the composites with modified montmorillonite were higher than the corresponding properties of the composites with unmodified montmorillonite. The tensile modulus, tensile strength, flexural modulus and flexural strength values showed a maximum, whereas the impact strength exhibited a minimum at approximately 3–5 wt% modified montmorillonite content. These results imply that the level of exfoliation may also exhibit a maximum with respect to the modified montmorillonite content. The level of improvement in the mechanical properties was substantial. Adding only 3 wt% organically modified clay improved the flexural modulus of unsaturated polyester by 35%. The tensile modulus of unsaturated polyester was also improved by 17% at 5 wt% of organically modified clay loading.     

Effects of alkalization on tensile,impact, and fatigue properties of hemp fiber composites

The effects of alkalization surface treatment on hemp fiber properties and the properties of hemp fiber–reinforced polyester composites have been studied. Hemp fibers were exposed to 1, 5, and 10% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions. The tensile properties and interfacial shear strength of all alkalized fibers were found to lie within the range of nonalkalized fibers. Laminates were made of alkalized fibers with unsaturated polyester resin, using hand lay‐up and compression moulding. Alkalization of fibers at low concentrations of 1 and 5% resulted in improvements in tensile and fatigue properties of composites made from these fibers, but no such improvements were observed for 10% alkalized fiber composites. The improvements were attributed to improvement in fiber/matrix bonding after this treatment, which was also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy images. No improvement in impact damage tolerance was observed for any of these three alkalized fiber composites. Immersion in distilled water reduced water absorption compared with nonalkalized fiber composites; however, the tensile properties in water were similar to those for nonalkalized fiber composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Properties of cellulose-polyester composites

Cellulose fibers were used as reinforcement in unsaturated polyesters. Composites were prepared as laminates with cellulose fibers used in the form of paper sheets. The impregnation was carried out in a vacuum and resulted in a composite with uniform distribution of polyester around the fibers. The polyester was also detected in the lumen of the fibers. The tensile properties were evaluated and compared with tensile properties of glass fiber reinforced polyester. It is found that cellulose fibers increase the tensile strength and modulus of a polyester composite. Immersion of the cellulose-polyester composites in water caused a considerable water uptake. The presence of water in the composites decreased the tensile properties drastically. Scanning electron photomicrographs of the tensile fracture surfaces showed a lack of adhesion between the cellulose fibers and the polyester matrix in wet conditions.     

ZrC和Al_2O_3改性涤纶织物的制备及其抗紫外线性能

分别采用纳米材料ZrC和Al2O3,运用母粒法生产改性涤纶,讨论了改性涤纶的强度、伸长和形态特征,并测试了其织物的断裂强力和抗紫外线性能。试验结果表明:与普通涤纶相比,改性涤纶的强度和断裂伸长率没有明显改变,丝表面比较光洁,没有发现大块的团聚现象;改性涤纶织物的断裂强力和断裂伸长率与普通涤纶织物相比也没有明显改变,但比普通涤纶织物具有更好的抗紫外线性能。     

Effect of the atmospheric plasma treatment parameters on jute fabric: The effect on mechanical properties of jute fabric/polyester composites

The effect of atmospheric air plasma treatment of jute fabrics on the mechanical properties of jute fabric reinforced polyester composites was investigated. The jute fabrics were subjected to different plasma powers (60, 90, and 120 W) for the exposure times of 1, 3, and 6 min. The effects of plasma powers and exposure times on interlaminar shear strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength of polyester based composites were evaluated. The greatest ILSS increase was about 171% at plasma power of 120 W and exposure time of 6 min. It is inferred that atmospheric air plasma treatment improves the interfacial adhesion between the jute fiber and polyester. This result was also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy observations of the fractured surfaces of the composites. The greatest tensile strength and flexural strength values were determined at 120 W for 1 min and at 60 W for 3 min, respectively. Moreover, it can be said that atmospheric air plasma treatment of jute fibers at longer exposure times (6 min) made a detrimental effect on tensile and flexural properties of jute‐reinforced polyester composites. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

再生聚酯纤维在不同夹持方式下的拉伸性能研究

分别测试了再生聚酯纤维和普通涤纶在三种夹持方式(直接、结节和钩接)下的拉伸断裂性能,从而研究了夹持方式对两种纤维拉伸断裂性能的影响。测试结果表明:两种纤维在直接拉伸方式下的拉伸断裂性能都要优于其它两种方式,这是由纤维弯曲伸直差异、应力集中现象以及弱环定律的原因造成的,且在钩接方式下进行拉伸时应力集中现象更为明显;再生聚酯纤维和普通涤纶的拉伸断裂性能存在一定的差异,特别是断裂伸长率和断裂功差异较大,且再生聚酯纤维的断裂强度受夹持方式的影响更大。     

Hybrid composites from coir fibers reinforced with woven glass fabrics: Physical and mechanical evaluation

Sandwich composites based on coir fiber nonwoven mats as core material were manufactured by Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding technique. Mechanical and physical properties of produced coir/polyester and coir‐glass/polyester composites were assessed. Samples were evaluated according to their reinforcement contents, resin contents, areal density, and thickness. Tests on physical properties revealed that coir‐glass/polyester sandwich structure has the lowest values of thickness swelling, water absorption and moisture contents compared with coir/polyester composite. Mechanical tests such as tensile strength, open‐hole tensile strength, and flexural strength were also performed on all samples. Coir‐glass/polyester sandwich structure showed significant increase in tensile strength of 70 MPa compared with 8 MPa of coir/polyester composite. Introducing two skins of fiber glass woven roving to coir/polyester increased its flexural strength from 31.8 to 131.8 MPa for coir‐glass/polyester. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:2212–2220, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers