微生物燃料电池最新研究进展

介绍了微生物燃料电池(MFC)的原理、组成和特点,并针对MFC功率密度过低、构造成本高等问题,从筛选优势产电微生物、改善MFC的构造、优化电极材料以及提高电子传递效率等方面进行了介绍,同时还提到了提高产电性能的各种途径,最后对MFC的发展前景进行了展望.     

微生物燃料电池的研究进展及发展趋势探讨

微生物燃料电池是将废水中有机物的化学能转化为电能,在去除污染物的同时将产生的电能回收,实现了能量转化。本文系统介绍了微生物燃料电池的研究进展,在对微生物燃料电池的产电微生物、电极材料、微生物燃料电池的放大、微生物燃料电池的实际应用等方面总结的基础上,指出了微生物燃料电池研究的发展方向,其中筛选改造产电微生物对不同底物的耐受性和适应性、开发廉价高效的电极材料、构造大型微生物燃料电池堆以及微生物电化学物质合成等是未来研究的重点。     

微生物燃料电池耦合型废水处理反应器研究进展

随着生物电化学技术研究的发展,多种应用于废水处理的新型微生物燃料电池(MFC)耦合反应器不断出现,在污染物降解和能量回收中展现了多种优势。重点综述了近年来报道的典型的MFC耦合型废水处理反应器,并对其耦合机理、运行效果及存在的问题进行了比较分析,以期为生物电化学耦合型废水处理反应器的进一步优化和发展提供参考。     

微生物燃料电池阳极产电微生物研究进展

微生物燃料电池（Microbial fuel cells,简称 MFCs）是一种生物电化学混合系统,利用微生物的氧化代谢作用将有机物或者无机物中的能量转化为电能,具有节能、减少污泥生成及能量转换的突出优势,目前得到研究者们的广泛关注。其中产电微生物是MFCs系统的核心组成部分,筛选及培养高效产电微生物对促进MFCs的产电性能具有重要作用。通过对产电微生物电子传递机制、产电微生物种类以及影响微生物产电的因素进行分析总结,综述了阳极产电微生物的最新研究进展,最后从微生物角度展望了未来的研究方向,以期为产电微生物在MFCs中的应用提供指导和支持。     

同步废水处理及产电的微生物燃料电池研究进展

同步废水水处理及产电的微生物燃料电池是利用生物催化剂直接把化学能转化为电能,具有能量转化率高、污泥产率低、反应条件温和等优点。本文阐述了微生物燃料电池的工作原理及电子传递机理,综述了其最新的研究进展,并对微生物燃料电池在污水处理领域的发展方向作了展望。     

微生物燃料电池的研究进展与展望

微生物燃料电池(MFCs)作为一种新型的环境生物技术,因其能很好地将有机污染物处理和能源制备结合在一起而引起各国学者的广泛关注和研究。作者介绍了微生物燃料电池的工作原理,系统地从微生物、底物、电活性介体、电极构造、质子交换膜和反应器设计等方面阐述了微生物燃料电池的研究现状。针对微生物燃料电池今后的发展和规模化应用,提出了4个研究方向:新型阴极氧化剂的研制、MFCs过程模拟、厌氧-MFCs耦合、多个MFCs电池组性能。     

微生物燃料电池在重金属离子废水处理中的研究进展

微生物燃料电池（ MFC）中阳极处理生活污水,阴极处理工业废水中的金属离子成为近年来研究重点之一。本文综合了近年来的MFC应用微生物阳极与非生物或微生物阴极有机结合处理含重金属离子的工业废水的研究进展,重点讨论了Cu（Ⅱ）、 Cr（ VI）、 Ag（Ⅰ）、 Hg（Ⅱ）、 Fe（Ⅲ）、 Mn（Ⅵ）、 U（Ⅳ）等离子的处理,并就MFC阴极处理金属离子的现状及应用前景进行了分析和讨论。     

微生物燃料电池技术及其应用研究进展

介绍了微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cells,MFCs)技术原理、材料、产电微生物,分析了MFCs应用领域及其限制因素,综述了MFCs的最新研究状况,最后对MFCs的未来发展前景进行了展望。     

微生物燃料电池阴极催化剂研究进展

针对微生物燃料电池中铂碳阴极催化剂的局限性,阐述了新材料催化剂的研究进展,列举了多种催化剂均表现出了良好的ORR性能,且成本低廉,解决了Pt/C阴极价格昂贵的问题,使微生物燃料电池的推广应用成为可能。     

Electricity generation from Taihu Lake cyanobacteria by sediment microbial fuel cells

BACKGROUND: Cyanobacteria are rich in carbohydrates and proteins as well as other nutrients. In recent years, its efficient treatment and utilization has become an important topic for debate. The feasibility of electricity generation from Taihu Lake cyanobacteria by sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) was investigated and its performance evaluated by comparing with glucose‐fed and acetate‐fed SMFCs. RESULTS: A SMFC using acidic fermentation broth of Taihu Lake cyanobacteria generated a maximum power density of 72 mW m^?2 with COD removal of 76.2% and substrate degradation rate (SDR) 0.607 kgCOD m^?3 d^?1. A power density of 51 mW m^?2 with COD removal of 72.0% and SDR of 0.573 kgCOD m^?3 d^?1 were obtained with an acetate‐fed SMFC. The redox peaks in the voltammogram curves of the SMFC fed with acidic fermentation broth of Taihu Lake cyanobacteria suggested mediating compounds existed during its stable operation. The electron transfer was possibly carried out by cell‐bound redox components or biofilm formation with electroactive bacteria on the anode surface. CONCLUSIONS: This paper describes a potential method to recover sustainable electricity from Taihu Lake cyanobacteria, and the acidic fermentation of pretreated cybanobacteria could significantly enhance the power output and COD removal. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

微生物燃料电池处理渗滤液的研究进展

微生物燃料电池(MFCs)是一种利用微生物将燃料中的化学能直接转化为电能的理想产电装置,具有产电与废弃物处置双重功效。为探究渗滤液MFCs处置的发展趋势,简述了MFCs的原理、特点和分类,总结了该技术在渗滤液处置过程中的研究进展,提出今后渗滤液MFCs处置研究将主要集中于三方面:①微生物,阳极优势微生物的选育与驯化富集;②交换膜,寻找价格低廉、性能高的交换膜;③阴极催化剂,研制高效、稳定且廉价的阴极催化剂。     

微生物燃料电池阳极改性修饰最新研究进展

阳极是影响微生物燃料电池性能的重要因素之一,开发简易、高效的阳极改性修饰方法对微生物燃料电池的实际应用具有关键作用。对目前微生物燃料电池阳极改性修饰的最新进展展开综述,总结了分析阳极材料的方法,并对阳极修饰方法未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Electricity generation from terephthalic acid using a microbial fuel cell

BACKGROUND: Pure terephthalic acid (PTA) is a petrochemical product of global importance and is widely applied as an important raw material in making polyester fiber and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. In this work, a single‐chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) was constructed using terephthalic acid (TA) with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration range from 500 mg L^?1 to 3500 mg L^?1 as the electron donor and strain PA‐18 as the biocatalyst. RESLUTS: In the single chamber MFC, several factors were examined to determine their effects on power output, including COD concentration and electrode spacing. The characteristic of the strain PA‐18 was further studied. Cyclic voltammetry showed that electrons were directly transferred onto the anode by bacteria in biofilms, rather than self‐produced mediators of bacteria in the solutions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation showed that the anodic electrode surface was covered by bacteria which were responsible for electron transfer. Direct 16s‐rDNA analysis showed that the PA‐18 bacteria shared 99% 16SrDNA sequence homology with Pseudomonas sp. CONCLUSIONS: Electricity generation from TA in MFC was observed for the first time. The maximum power density produced by TA was 160 mW m^?2, lower than that achieved using domestic wastewater. This novel technology provided an economical route for electricity energy recovery in PTA wastewater treatment. High internal resistance was the major limitation. To further improve the power output, the electron transfer rate was accelerated by overexpression of membrane the protein gene of the strain PA‐18 and by reducing the electrolyte and mass transfer resistance by optimizing reactor configuration. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

Simultaneous removal of sulfide and organics with vanadium(V) reduction in microbial fuel cells

BACKGROUND: Sulfide‐containing wastewater (also containing organics) and vanadium(V)‐containing wastewater exist widely and can be treated in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) based on their chemical conditions. A novel process has been investigated using MFC technologies by employing sulfide, organics and V(V) as electron donors and acceptor, respectively. RESULTS: Electrons produced by oxidation of sulfide and organics in the anode compartment were transferred to the anode surface, then flowed to the cathode through an external circuit, where they were consumed to reduce V(V). Sulfide and total organics removal approached 84.7 ± 2.8% and 20.7 ± 2.1%, with a V(V) reduction rate of 25.3 ± 1.1%. The maximum power output obtained was 572.4 ± 18.2 mW m^?2. The effects of the microbes on electricity generation as well as the products of sulfide oxidation and V(V) reduction were also evaluated and analyzed. CONCLUSION: This process achieves both sulfide and V(V) removal with electricity generation simultaneously, providing an economical route for treating these kinds of wastewaters. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

直接微生物燃料电池的影响因素

以厌氧污泥作为初始接种体,构建了一个直接微生物燃料电池,并经过160h的驯化,获得最大电压为590mV(1000Ω),并考察了不同底物和催化剂对电池性能的影响。结果表明,葡萄糖的最大功率密度(669mW/m2)要高于丁二酸的最大功率密度(235mW/m2)。通过比较电极电位,发现阳极电位随外电阻的变化较大,这主要是混合菌对不同底物的利用能力存在差异,可通过选择合适的产电菌来提高丁二酸产电的性能;并以锰作为阴极催化剂,其最大输出功率密度为147mW/m2,与铂作为阴极催化剂有一定的差距,还需进一步优化催化剂配比和制备工艺。     

Electricity generation from molasses wastewater by an anaerobic baffled stacking microbial fuel cell

BACKGROUND: The conventional treatment of molasses wastewater has many disadvantages including intensive energy requirements, excessive chemicals consumption and large quantities of waste generation. The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a promising technology for power generation along with wastewater treatment. However, low power output and high construction costs limit the scale‐up and field implementation of MFCs. In this study, a novel anaerobic baffled stacking microbial fuel cell (ABSMFC) composed of four units was constructed and used to treat molasses wastewater. RESULTS: The ABSMFC was operated at three different organic loading rates (OLRs) and the highest average power density of 115.5 ± 2.7 mW m^?2 was achieved for the four units at an OLR of 3.20 kg COD m^?3 d^?1. Accordingly, 50–70% of total COD removal efficiency was accomplished. Power generation was further improved in terms of voltage or current by connecting units in series or parallel. The low voltage loss (8.1%) during series connection resulted from low parasitic current of adjacent units. CONCLUSION: The ABSMFC is effective for molasses wastewater treatment. It can promote current or voltage output and minimize energy loss during series connection. This is a promising scalable architecture and can be combined with other existing wastewater treatment technologies. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Utilization of mixed monosaccharides for power generation in microbial fuel cells

BACKGROUND: The utilization of mixed monosaccharides commonly found in the hydrolysates of lignocellulosic biomass was evaluated for power generation in single chamber air cathode mediator‐less microbial fuel cells. RESULTS: A similar voltage generation pattern was observed for all the MFCs with different monosaccharide combinations and an external resistance of 1000 Ω. However, the different monosaccharide utilization rates ranging from 212 mg L^?1 h^?1 to 389 mg L^?1 h^?1 indicate the presence of preferential utilization of different monosaccharides. Three volatile fatty acids (VFAs), including acetic, propionic and butyric acids were detected as the main intermediates, which were generated mainly through a fermentation process. CONCLUSION: VFAs produced from initial monosaccharides contributed to a significant portion of the total electricity generated, and the fermentation process outcompeted the electricity generation process when a mixed bacterial culture was used. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry