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正环境刺激响应型高强智能水凝胶研发引人瞩目环境刺激响应型智能水凝胶能够对外界环境因素的变化产生显著的体积或其他特性的变化,且其性质和结构与生物组织类似,有望应用于传感器、人工肌肉、软体机器人、组织工程、化学反应开关或微阀、物质分离、药物控释等许多领域,具有很重要的意义和经济价值,其研发引人注目。近年来研发的主要有四类不同结构的环境刺激响应型高强智能水凝胶:超低交联结构水凝胶、纳米颗粒复合水凝胶、双网     

智能型高分子水凝胶在药物控释中的应用研究进展

智能型高分子水凝胶因为能感应到外界环境因素的变化,并且发出响应—凝胶的体积或其他性质发生显著变化,从而导致药物可在定点位置,定时、定量的释放,所以近年来受到普遍重视。本文综述了近年来智能型高分子水凝胶中温度敏感型、pH敏感型以及葡萄糖、电场、磁场、光、微波等敏感型水凝胶及其在药物控释中的应用,介绍了其控释作用机理及应用实例,并从如何提高水凝胶的力学强度和快速响应性能角度,总结了高强度及快速响应水凝胶的一些研究成果。最后文章还指出了目前环境刺激响应型水凝胶的不足之处及今后发展研究的方向。     

具有快速响应特性的环境响应型智能水凝胶的研究进展

环境响应智能水凝胶应用于化学传感器、化学微阀、人造肌肉、药物控释载体、物质分离等领域时常常需要快速响应特性,提高智能水凝胶的响应速率成为了智能水凝胶研究领域的重要课题之一。本文主要综述了具有快速响应特性的环境响应智能水凝胶的构建策略与方法,重点介绍了3类具有不同结构的快速响应型智能水凝胶,即具有多孔结构的快速响应智能水凝胶、具有梳状结构的快速响应智能水凝胶以及具有微球复合结构的快速响应智能水凝胶。     

智能水凝胶在生物载药领域的研究进展

智能水凝胶是一类具有三维网络结构、膨胀性好、吸水性强、易保水、超仿生等特点的新型功能高分子材料。由于其合成过程中加入了具有特殊结构、基团的单体或者大分子原料,如聚丙烯酰胺(PNIPA)类大分子、酸/碱基团(如羧基和氨基)、丙烯酸、聚氨类、偶氮苯(As)、聚电解质(高分子链上有可以离子化的基团)等,因此智能水凝胶是能够根据环境的温度、酸度、电场、磁场等变化做出有规律的结构和体积调整,或者导致凝胶组成发生变化的新型智能生物化学水凝胶材料,具有较高的智能性和响应性。本文根据水凝胶对外界环境的刺激不同表现出不同的响应情况,将凝胶分为:温度敏感性水凝胶、pH敏感性水凝胶、光敏感性水凝胶、压力敏感性水凝胶、电场敏感性水凝胶等。近年来,随着人们对医用水凝胶和药物缓释研究的深入,具有环境敏感性和较好生物相容性的智能水凝胶成为临床上药物控释材料的首选。     

双多重刺激响应水凝胶应用于伤口愈合的研究进展

介绍了伤口愈合的过程以及愈合过程中伤口处微环境的变化,叙述了目前根据伤口处不同环境变化(如pH、温度、活性氧含量和葡萄糖含量等)而设计的智能响应水凝胶,总结了可以应对2种及以上伤口微环境变化的双重或多重刺激响应性水凝胶的制备过程,以及水凝胶如何对伤口实现智能响应和精准治疗的应用,并讨论了今后应用于伤口愈合水凝胶的设计方向。认为目前的水凝胶多数用于浅表创伤的治疗,如何对深度损伤的慢性伤口实现加速愈合的效果是扩展水凝胶应用的关键;从材料角度出发,可以深度研究创面愈合机制,设计开发多重刺激响应水凝胶以满足不同类型的创面的需求,从而使水凝胶在伤口愈合方面有更广阔的应用前景。     

环境响应型Pickering乳液的研究进展

环境响应型智能水凝胶能够对外界环境温度、pH值、CO2气体、磁场等变化产生显著的体积或其他特性的变化,且其性质和结构与生物组织类似,有望应用于药物运输、细胞封装、组织工程等领域,引起了广泛的关注.近年来,采用环境响应型粒子作为Pickering乳液的乳化剂,制备出一种新型高效的乳剂成为研究热点.介绍了环境响应型粒子稳定乳液的研究进展,最后提出了未来食品和药物运输等领域环境响应型Pickering乳液的研究趋势.     

刺激响应性水凝胶的研究现状及发展趋势

刺激响应性水凝胶在药物缓释、物质分离提纯等领域得到了广泛的应用,文章介绍了能响应温度、pH、光、电场和磁场等外界环境因素变化智能凝胶的结构特点和近期研究进展,并展望了智能凝胶的应用前景。     

智能水凝胶研究进展

作为一种智能高分子材料,智能水凝胶具有良好的应用前景,本文重点介绍了刺激响应型智能水凝胶、高强智能水凝胶及自愈合智能水凝胶的结构特征、性能特点及研究现状,并对智能水凝胶的未来发展进行了展望。     

智能水凝胶的研究进展

智能水凝胶是指在外界环境(如温度、pH值、电场等)发生变化时,性质随之发生相应改变的水凝胶,即具有环境响应性。水凝胶尤其是智能水凝胶由于其迷人的性质及潜在的应用引起广大科技工作者的研究兴趣。根据智能水凝胶对环境的响应情况,作者详细介绍了pH敏感性水凝胶、温度敏感性水凝胶、光敏感性水凝胶、电场敏感性水凝胶、磁敏感性水凝胶、盐敏感性水凝胶、化学物质敏感性水凝胶以及多重敏感性水凝胶的研究情况,同时对智能水凝胶的研究方向和应用前景进行了展望。     

功能性明胶基水凝胶的分类及研究进展

明胶基水凝胶作为一类具有三维网络结构的天然高分子软物质材料,因具有良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性以及生物安全性,且含水量高、结构和性能与细胞外基质相似而受到研究者的广泛关注.该文概述了明胶基水凝胶的结构与性质,并按功能性将明胶基水凝胶进行分类,重点阐述了自修复型、抗菌型、刺激响应型、导电型以及抗冻型明胶基水凝胶的特点、...     

Smart Hydrogels for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems

Since the last few decades, the development of smart hydrogels, which can respond to stimuli and adapt their responses based on external cues from their environments, has become a thriving research frontier in the biomedical engineering field. Nowadays, drug delivery systems have received great attention and smart hydrogels can be potentially used in these systems due to their high stability, physicochemical properties, and biocompatibility. Smart hydrogels can change their hydrophilicity, swelling ability, physical properties, and molecules permeability, influenced by external stimuli such as pH, temperature, electrical and magnetic fields, light, and the biomolecules’ concentration, thus resulting in the controlled release of the loaded drugs. Herein, this review encompasses the latest investigations in the field of stimuli-responsive drug-loaded hydrogels and our contribution to this matter.     

刺激响应膜:用于可控传质与分离过程的灵巧工具(英文)

As emerging artificial biomimetic membranes, smart or intelligent membranes that are able to respond to environmental stimuli are attracting ever-increasing interests from various fields. Their permeation properties including hydraulic permeability and diffusional permeability can be dramatically controlled or adjusted self-regulatively in response to small chemical and/or physical stimuli in their environments. Such environmental stimuli-responsive smart membranes could find myriad applications in numerous fields ranging from controlled release to separations. Here the trans-membrane mass-transfer and membrane separation is introduced as the beginning to initiate the requirement of smart membranes, and then bio-inspired design of environmental stimuli-responsive smart membranes and four essential elements for smart membranes are introduced and discussed. Next, smart membrane types and their applications as smart tools for controllable mass-transfer in controlled release and separations are reviewed. The research topics in the near future are also suggested.     

Enzyme-Responsive Hydrogels as Potential Drug Delivery Systems—State of Knowledge and Future Prospects

Fast advances in polymer science have provided new hydrogels for applications in drug delivery. Among modern drug formulations, polymeric type stimuli-responsive hydrogels (SRHs), also called smart hydrogels, deserve special attention as they revealed to be a promising tool useful for a variety of pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. In fact, the basic feature of these systems is the ability to change their mechanical properties, swelling ability, hydrophilicity, or bioactive molecules permeability, which are influenced by various stimuli, particularly enzymes. Indeed, among a great number of SHRs, enzyme-responsive hydrogels (ERHs) gain much interest as they possess several potential biomedical applications (e.g., in controlled release, drug delivery, etc.). Such a new type of SHRs directly respond to many different enzymes even under mild conditions. Therefore, they show either reversible or irreversible enzyme-induced changes both in chemical and physical properties. This article reviews the state-of-the art in ERHs designed for controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs). Principal enzymes used for biomedical hydrogel preparation were presented and different ERHs were further characterized focusing mainly on glucose oxidase-, β-galactosidase- and metalloproteinases-based catalyzed reactions. Additionally, strategies employed to produce ERHs were described. The current state of knowledge and the discussion were made on successful applications and prospects for further development of effective methods used to obtain ERH as DDSs.     

The synthesis,mechanisms, and additives for bio-compatible polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels: A review on current advances,trends, and future outlook

Vinyl polymers are widely used in biological, textile and industrial applications and are currently attracting research attention for specialized bio-based applications. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels show great advantages as a material with high biocompatibility, permeability, hydrophilicity, and low-friction coefficient, allowing applications as smart materials, wound dressings, and flexible sensors. However, the poor mechanical properties of PVA hydrogels and biocompatibility less than natural polymers make them unsuitable in practical applications. Additives are often added to PVA hydrogels to enhance mechanical properties, endow more compatibility, functionality and expand their application range. Among them, bio-additives such as nanocellulose, natural polysaccharides and proteins are biodegradable, biocompatible, and inexpensive, broadening their applications in the biomedical and tissue engineering fields. This work reviews the synthesis of PVA hydrogels, methods to enhance their mechanical properties, types of bio-additives incorporated for biocompatibility, their mechanism of interaction with PVA and future prospects of PVA composite bio-hydrogels for application in various fields. Representative cases are carefully selected and discussed with regard to their composition and pros and cons are discussed. Finally, future requirements, as well as the opportunities and challenges of these bio-additives for improving the multifunctionality of PVA hydrogels are also presented.     

智能聚合物在生物化学领域的应用进展

简要介绍了智能水凝胶的制备,概述了近年来智能聚合物在酶固定、蛋白质分离与重折叠、基因载体、细胞培养等生物化学领域中的应用进展.     

Synthesis,characterization, and biomedical applications of core–shell-type stimuli-responsive nanogels – Nanogel composed of poly[2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] core and PEG tethered chains

We present a review of stimuli-responsive smart PEGylated nanogels and their biomedical applications. We describe the synthesis and characterization of stimuli-responsive PEGylated nanogels composed of a cross-linked poly[2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDEAMA) core and PEG tethered chains that bear a carboxylic acid group as a platform moiety for the installation of bio-tags. In addition, PEGylated nanogels show unique properties and functions in synchronizing with the reversible volume phase transition of the PDEAMA core in response to various stimuli, such as pH, ionic strength and temperature. We list some of the biomedical applications of the nanogels, including endosomolytic agents for nonviral gene delivery, drug delivery carriers, nanoreactors, and skin-specific nanocatalysts for reactive oxygen species (ROS).     

Smart membranes for biomedical applications

Smart membranes with tunable permeability and selectivity have drawn widespread attention because of their unique biomimetic characteristics. Constructed by incorporating various stimuli-responsive materials into membrane substrates, smart membranes could self-adjust their physical/chemical properties(such as pore size and surface properties) in response to environmental signals such as temperature,pH, light, magnetic field, electric field, redox and specific ions/molecules. Such smart membranes...     

Precision Control of Programmable Actuation of Thermoresponsive Nanocomposite Hydrogels with Multilateral Engineering

Hydrogels capable of stimuli-responsive deformation are widely explored as intelligent actuators for diverse applications. It is still a significant challenge, however, to “program” these hydrogels to undergo highly specific and extensive shape changes with precision, because the mechanical properties and deformation mechanism of the hydrogels are inherently coupled. Herein, two engineering strategies are simultaneously employed to develop thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm)-based hydrogels capable of programmable actuation. First, PNIPAm is copolymerized with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) with varying molecular weights and concentrations. In addition, graphene oxide (GO) or reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is incorporated to generate nanocomposite hydrogels. These strategies combine to allow the refined control of mechanical and diffusional properties of hydrogels over a broad range, which also directly influences variable thermoresponsive actuation. It is expected that this comprehensive design principle can be applied to a wide range of hydrogels for programmable actuation.     

智能响应型纳米药物载体的研究进展

近年来智能响应型纳米药物载体在抗肿瘤药物的递送中得到了广泛关注。该文根据智能响应型纳米药物载体是否具有主动靶向性,将其分为非靶向智能响应型纳米药物载体和靶向智能响应型纳米药物载体,并分别对这两者纳米药物载体的新研究和新进展进行了综述。同时,总结了智能响应型纳米药物载体当前存在的问题。与非靶向智能响应型纳米药物载体相比,靶向智能响应型纳米药物载体具有更多的优势,尤其是靶向肿瘤组织中特异性过表达酶的智能响应型纳米药物载体将会是今后纳米药物载体研究的一个重要方向。