除油水力旋流器结构尺寸筛选试验研究

在室内模拟实验装置上 ,采用粒级效率进行了旋流器的小锥管锥角、溢流口直径、底流口直径、底流直管段长度和入口当量直径等尺寸筛选实验。筛选结果表明 ,旋流器的溢流口直径和底流口直径对旋流器的分离效果产生较大影响。     

低砷磷生产工艺中分相器的优化技术研究

通过建立计算流体力学模型,采用Fluent软件,选用雷诺应力模型(RSM模型)作为湍流模型对该工艺中的液-液旋流分相器进行流体力学数值模拟,通过数值模拟仿真优化旋流器的各结构参数,同时研究不同操作参数和物性参数对旋流器分离效率的影响,并在此基础上进行结构参数的优化.模拟结果表明,溢流口直径为30 mm,溢流管伸入长度为60 mm,圆柱段长度为80 mm时旋流器分离效率最佳.     

水力旋流器新型出口挡板结构对分离性能的影响

针对小直径水力旋流器,设计了不同内置挡板式的溢流管和底流管,实验研究了新型出口挡板结构对水力旋流器分离性能的影响。研究结果表明:内置挡板溢流管适用于处理量较大的工况,与传统溢流管相比,分离效率略有降低,但在高流量下其压降的降低幅度可达11.11%,挡板宜采用相对较窄、较短、三块120°间隔设计方式;底流管内置挡板采用十字交叉结构可稳定内旋流,使分离效率最大可提高5.96%;新型内置挡板的溢流口与底流口相耦合,可同时实现提高分离效率和降低压降的目标。此外,在相同情况下,发现溢流管内置挡板可消除水力旋流器内部的"空气柱",据此推断"空气柱"并非由内部空气形成,而是其内部负压中心形成的某种湍流程度较高的强制旋流涡。     

水力旋流器的底流口直径对其分离性能的影响

底流口直径对旋流器的性能有着非常显著的影响。本研究采用体积法测量并计算了颗粒浓度和分离效率,在流化催化裂化(FCC)催化剂-水液固体系内考察了底流口直径对水力旋流器分离性能的影响。发现在入口浓度不同时,底流口直径对旋流器性能的影响规律不同。在低浓度体系(C入≤10%)内,随着底流口直径的增加底流液浓度急剧减小,但溢流液浓度基本不变。在高浓度体系(C入≥15%)内,随底流口直径的增加底流液浓度变化不大,但溢流液浓度显著降低。在本实验范围内,随着底流口直径的增加,分流比显著增加,分离效率明显增加,压降略有降低。     

水力旋流器新型出口挡板结构对分离性能的影响

针对小直径水力旋流器,设计了不同内置挡板式的溢流管和底流管,实验研究了新型出口挡板结构对水力旋流器分离性能的影响。研究结果表明：内置挡板溢流管适用于处理量较大的工况,与传统溢流管相比,分离效率略有降低,但在高流量下其压降的降低幅度可达11.11%,挡板宜采用相对较窄、较短、三块120°间隔设计方式;底流管内置挡板采用十字交叉结构可稳定内旋流,使分离效率最大可提高5.96%;新型内置挡板的溢流口与底流口相耦合,可同时实现提高分离效率和降低压降的目标。此外,在相同情况下,发现溢流管内置挡板可消除水力旋流器内部的“空气柱”,据此推断“空气柱”并非由内部空气形成,而是其内部负压中心形成的某种湍流程度较高的强制旋流涡。     

含气条件对井下油水分离旋流器性能影响的数值模拟

为探究气体对井下油水旋流器性能的影响规律,针对新型螺旋流道倒锥式旋流器,采用Fluent软件对气液比分别为0.01、0.03、0.05、0.08、0.10时旋流器的油相分布进行模拟分析。通过对比分析发现:不含气时旋流器的分离效率为89.31%;在结构参数和分流比不变的条件下,旋流器分离效率随气液比的增加呈降低趋势,气液比为0.10时,分离效率为36.90%;气液比越大,溢流口的油相体积分数越小,底流口的油相体积分数越大;溢流口和底流口的压力损失随气液比的增大而递减。     

筛网旋流器试验样机的设计

论述了筛网旋流器的工作原理、结构组成,分析了该设备在实际生产中的应用情况和存在的问题,提出了试验样机柱段筛网直径、筛网孔径、入料口、溢流管、溢流口、底流口尺寸和锥角的设计思路和试验参数。     

水力旋流器结构与分离性能研究（六）：柱段结构（长度）

研究了水力旋流器主段长度对其分离性能的影响，结果表明，随着柱段长度的增大，水力旋流器处理能力呈单调上升趋势，其分离修正总效率呈上升趋势，其溢流浓度则呈单调减小趋势，在水力旋流器用于固液分离场合时，其柱段长度宜较长为佳。     

国内外水力旋流器的研究进展

介绍了水力旋流器的结构及对细粒煤泥的分选原理,国内外研究人员通过选择不同的溢流管直径、长度,锥角,圆柱段直径、长度,底流口直径,循环水密度等参数研究了水力旋流器对细粒煤的分选效果。     

气液固三相旋流分离器内锥结构的数值模拟研究

采用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,对气液固三相旋流分离器的初始模型进行数值模拟,分析其内部流场分布,得出倒锥结构具有促进分离效果的作用。通过固定分离器的主直径与高度、入口尺寸、底流口直径、侧向出口尺寸、排液孔数量、排液孔尺寸、排液孔中心高度、溢流管直径、溢流管长度以及旋流腔长度,改变倒锥结构中的内锥直径与内锥高度,对模型进行优化,得到内锥直径为38mm、内锥高度为110mm时,三相旋流分离器的分离效果较好。     

溢流管结构对天然气水合物用旋流器分离性能的影响

建立了主直径100 mm的旋流器模型,采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法研究了溢流管内径、插入深度及壁厚对旋流器分离天然气水合物性能的影响规律。结果表明,入口流速为9 m/s时,随溢流管内径增大,水合物分离效率增大,砂的分离效率降低,旋流器的压力降逐渐减小;随溢流管壁厚增大,水合物和砂的分离效率稍有增大,旋流器的压力降先增大后减小;随溢流管插入深度增大,水合物分离效率先减小后增大,砂的分离效率先增大后减小,旋流器的压力降波动较小。溢流管内径对旋流器分离天然气水合物性能的影响最大,插入深度次之,壁厚的影响最小。     

水力旋流器溢流管结构对微细颗粒分离的影响

针对直径为50 mm的小直径水力旋流器,考察了溢流管插入深度和壁厚以及进口流量对微细物料分离效率的影响,并利用正交分析法得到了溢流管最优的插入深度、壁厚及最适的进口流量。此外,考察了两种套筒式溢流管对水力旋流器分离性能的影响。最后,在最优溢流管结构的基础上,探讨了分流比对分离效率的影响。结果表明：水力旋流器的直筒段具有一定的分离作用;对于微细物料的分离,溢流管采用薄壁且插入深度与水力旋流器直筒段长度相当的设计,有利于提高微细颗粒的分离效率。针对水力旋流器溢流管插入深度与其直径的最佳比例,小直径水力旋流器的比大直径水力旋流器的大,表明它们的分离行为存在着较大的差异。     

Improvements in hydrocyclone design flow lines stabilization

Pressure distribution field within the separation chamber of hydrocyclones is qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in the context of the design of compact plants for the on-board treatment of ballast water. Once the qualitative analysis has been carried out, the conclusions arising from this analysis have been evaluated by defining a parameter termed “asymmetry coefficient”, which provides quantitative information about the behaviour within the hydrocyclone. The influence of the vortex finder both on flow patterns and on air-core precession is successfully studied. As well as giving an insight into hydrocyclone flow lines behaviour, this article attempts to improve operational efficiency by modifying several design parameters in order to provide a stabilization of flow lines (reducing turbulence).     

Studies on the performance of a hydrocyclone and modeling for flow characterization in presence and absence of air core

Hydrocyclones are getting more and more interest from various industries. They are widely used to separate particulates from liquid at high throughput because of their advantages like simple structure, low cost, large capacity and small volume, require little way of maintenance and support structure. Modeling of complex and multiphase flow behavior inside the hydrocyclone is done usually with the help of computational fluid dynamic study. Current study involves experimental investigation of separation performance characteristics of the hydrocyclone using new design parameters. For experimental purpose, a new hydrocyclone was designed with insertion of solid rod, at central portion of conical section of hydrocyclone, inside the hydrocyclone . By which air core could be eliminated effectively and hydrocyclone performance is improved. This effect may be observed due to reduction of radial and axial components of velocity and turbulence in the area near the entrance of the vortex finder. Therefore, the flow field characteristics inside the hydrocyclone with no air core become more suitable for separation. Also the effect of flow rate, vortex finder depths, air core and particle interaction were studied experimentally. A new arrangement was suggested to eliminate the air core formed inside the hydrocyclone. In this case, effect of diameter and height of solid rod inserted inside the hydrocyclone with changing total inlet flow rate was studied experimentally. Three-dimensional geometry and meshing of hydrocyclone is created in Gambit, preprocessor of commercial software—Fluent, for hydrodynamic study.     

The influence of design and operating variables on energy consumption and separation efficiency of a hydrocyclonic concentrator

The problem of physical separation of solids from liquids in very dilute concentrations by hydrocyclone concentration is considered in two parts. First, the effect of feed concentration, volume split, feed flowrate, cone angle, inlet diameter and vortex finder length on separation efficiency and energy loss are investigated. The relationship between the separation efficiency; and the energy loss is also studied. Secondly, the effect of three different designs of body shape on the separation efficiency and energy loss is investigated. In this study statistical concepts are used extensively in the design of experiments and the analysis of experimental results.     

Effects of the Inlet Section Angle on the Flow Field of a Cyclone

The gas flow fields of a cyclone with different inlet section angles have been studied numerically. The gas flow fields were simulated by means of the Reynolds Stress Transport Model (RSTM). The velocities and pressure drop profiles of these cyclones were investigated. The shortcut flow rates at the bottom of the vortex finder were calculated with different inlet section angles. To analyze the relationship between the inlet section angle and the vortex finder insertion deepness, this paper details the shortcut flow rates at the bottom of the vortex finder for three vortex finder insertion depths. The results indicate that the inlet section angle can decrease the shortcut flow from the bottom of the vortex finder, which has practical importance for the improvement of the separation efficiency. The inlet section angle can also decrease the pressure coefficient of a cyclone. When the inlet section angle is 45 °, the level of decrease is up to 30 %. However, the effect of the inlet section angle on the separation performance is related to the dimension of the vortex finder, i.e., the insertion depth and diameter of the vortex finder, and the effect is different when the cyclone has different vortex finder insertion depths.     

底流管直径对旋流防阻机性能的影响

为考察由旋流分离器和引射回流装置组成的污水旋流防阻机在不同底流管直径下的分离性能,进行了砂水分离实验和生活污水除污实验。实验结果显示：连续底流的旋流防阻机与封闭集污槽的旋流分离器相比,前者具有更高的分离效率,且能量损失增加基本可以忽略。相比Kelsall提出的折算分离效率,提出了更加适合旋流防阻机的综合考虑分离效率和热泵系统可用水量的综合分离效率。该旋流防阻机的最优底流管直径为5～10 mm,即最优底流管直径与溢流管直径比值为12.5%～25%。此时,污水旋流防阻机对原生生活污水中小于4 mm污杂物的分离效率为92.6%～94.3%,分流比为1.32%～2.54%。这说明通过旋流分离机制,可以达到污杂物暂离,净水取热的条件。另外,分流比与底流管直径呈正比。     

柱状旋流分离器零轴速面分布特性模拟分析

采用雷诺应力模型对柱状旋流分离器气相流场中的零轴速包络面分布进行了数值模拟分析,考察了旋流不稳定性、流速以及结构参数变化对其分布的影响。指出由于分离器旋转流动不稳定性的固有存在,零轴速边界在整个分离空间会呈非轴对称的扭曲状态;在研究速度范围内,流场处于自模化区,分离器运动相似,入口速度变化对零轴速边界的分布影响不大;升气管直径与入口面积对升气管入口区域的零轴速边界分布影响较大,随升气管直径的减小和入口面积的增大,零轴速边界逐渐收缩。远离升气管入口区域,升气管直径与入口面积的影响减弱,零轴速边界宽度逐渐增大,并趋于一致;使流场趋于稳定的升气管直径与入口面积,截面零轴速边界会保持较好的圆度。     

The Effects of Vortex Finder Dimensions on the Natural Vortex Length in a New Cyclone Separator

The shape and structure of the vortex formed inside a cyclone separator are very important for the cyclone efficiency, because they mainly govern the separation process. There are many geometrical and operational parameters affecting the vortex. This paper presents experimental results on the effects of the vortex finder dimensions and the surface friction on the vortex length. The cyclone used in this investigation is cylindrical with no conical bottom. The cyclone pressure drop and the vortex length are recorded for each test performed using different flow rates. The results reveal that an increase of the cyclone height, i.e., of the frictional surface, leads to a decrease of the vortex length. It was also shown that the diameter and length of the vortex finder adversely affect the vortex length.