基于多目标遗传算法的工作辊温度场计算与分析

等效换热系数是热连轧机工作辊温度场仿真模型的核心输入参数,多采用遗传算法优化得到,某1800 mm 热连轧机存在品种、规格交替轧制,等效换热系数的准确计算比较困难.选取多组典型工艺条件下的工作辊下机后表面温度作为优化目标,采用多目标遗传算法进行优化,并通过改变遗传算子有效避免了算法早熟及局部收敛等问题,获取了具有较强适应性的等效换热系数.仿真和实测数据的对比结果证明了优化模型的可靠性.利用仿真模型分析了主要工艺参数对工作辊热凸度的影响,并提出同宽交替时,工作辊热凸度随轧制进程呈指数变化,而在品种、规格交替编排轧制工艺下相邻带钢轧制时工作辊热凸度存在6-21.8μm 的波动,且随轧制进程趋于稳定.      

热轧带钢传热模拟及变形区换热系数的确定

采用数值模拟方法研究了带钢热轧区轧件传热和温度场分布规律.结合现场生产中测温数据,建立了轧制变形区内轧件与轧辊接触传热界面换热系数(HTC)统计模型.分析了辊缝变形区中轧件断面上温度演变和分布特点.研究结果表明,热轧带钢热轧区传热数值模拟计算结果与实际吻合良好;变形区内轧件与轧辊接触传热界面换热系数不仅与平均单位压力相关,而且与轧制速度相关;轧件在轧制变形区存在很大的温度梯度.     

铝带轧机工作辊与冷却液之间换热特性的分析

工作辊与冷却液之间对流换热系数的确定是轧辊温度场分析的难点。简要分析了轧制过程中的热量转移 ,应用大型有限元软件 ANSYS分析了铝带轧机工作辊与冷却液之间的换热特性 ,得到了工作辊表面与冷却液之间的对流换热系数和热流密度 ,仿真结果表明 ,对流换热系数值和热流密度值均随工作辊表面温度降低而减小。仿真结果得到了实测结果的验证。     

基于多目标满意优化的热轧非对称工作辊设计

热轧非对称工作辊可兼顾板形控制和自由规程轧制,其关键参数通常采用经验设计法,缺乏相应的依据.本文提出了热轧非对称工作辊关键参数的理论设计方法.由于设计过程中无法精确给定已知条件,因此把多目标满意优化引入到非对称工作辊的参数设计中,建立了综合满意度目标函数,并用模拟退火遗传算法进行满意度最优值求解.采用满意解代替最优解,使得辊形参数的优化设计结果更具科学性.在某热连轧生产线上的实际应用表明,优化设计的辊形在板形控制和自由规程轧制方面均取得了理想的效果.      

基于遗传算法的工作辊温度场参数优化模型

针对热连轧机工作辊热辊形计算中温度场模型的热交换等参数难以确定的问题 ,建立了基于遗传算法的参数优化模型 ,可以解决复杂条件下的热参数的求解问题。利用优化参数计算的轧辊温度场与实际测量结果一致。     

优化热轧温控模型,提高产品精度

辊热轧带钢卷取温度精度是决定成品带钢最终性能的重要参数.本文建立了一种新的热流密度系数模型,并改进了热流密度系数刷新规则,以此来优化水冷温降模型.在层流冷却智能化软件上对改进策略进行了离线模拟,结果表明卷取温度精度具有明显的提高.     

热连轧机组轧辊温度场及热辊型

针对热连轧机组轧辊温度场无法精准预测引起的辊耗及板形问题。为了实现轧辊温度场与热辊型的精确预报来减少异常辊耗和避免重大生产事故的发生,运用数值解析的有限差分法和轧辊热传导方程建立了适合于热轧轧辊温度场与热辊型模型,在此模型基础上引入热轧机组的轧辊冷却水智能分段冷却控制系统,充分考虑复杂状态下冷却水的存在和冷却水流速对轧辊温度场与热辊型的直接影响。结合热连轧轧制过程中的设备参数及其工艺特点,同时考虑轧制钢卷数量递增对轧辊温度场和热辊型的循环叠加作用,编写程序将理论计算公式、模拟调控模型与现场实际工艺设备参数相结合作为分析的研究对象。首先通过现场轧辊测温设备对工作辊和支撑辊进行温度测量,并将测得的实际温度分布值与模型计算值进行对比分析,得到相近的轧辊温度和轧辊凸度变化趋势以及一致的温度和凸度数值,验证了模型计算的准确性和有效性。随后根据结果进行研究分析,得到了钢卷数量变化对轧辊温度和辊凸度的影响,发现了钢卷数增加对温升的叠加影响,同时发现10卷左右将会完成轧辊温度场的温升稳定,同时分析得出冷却水流速在3种不同速度下的轧辊温度沿辊身方向分布情况。最终实现了对工作辊和支撑辊温度场与热辊型的精确...     

热轧工作辊磨损模型的遗传算法

热轧精轧机组工作辊磨损非常严重,是板形控制中主要的干扰因素,也是板形研究的难点。分析了工作辊的磨损机理及其影响因素,建立了轧辊磨损模型,并采用遗传算法对模型参数进行估计。验证结果表明该模型实用可靠,可用于工作辊磨损在线预报。     

西门子工作辊热膨胀模型的解析与优化

精确的工作辊热膨胀模型是板形控制良好的先决条件,而板形控制模型中的热膨胀模型长期以来存在温度模型计算偏差较大、热膨胀收敛较慢或不收敛的问题。本文介绍了西门子热膨胀模型的计算流程、计算方法和模型特点,解析其在离散单元划分、换热系数等效求解、工作辊温度场和热膨胀计算等方面的独特性;基于模型本身的解析工作,提出具体的优化策略。通过试验证明,优化后,温度模型计算偏差减小至合理范围内,热膨胀收敛性明显改善,热轧板形凸度命中率得到提升,板形控制精度进一步提高。     

轧辊凸度及直径对热轧带钢凸度的影响

为建立高精度的热轧带钢凸度计算数学模型，采用影响函数法开发了带钢凸度影响率计算软件，研究了轧辊凸度及轧辊直径对热轧带钢凸度的影响规律，得出了四辊轧机轧辊凸度影响率基本值的5次多项式拟合系数及工作辊凸度影响率的修正指数，建立了轧辊凸度影响率计算数学模型，为优化板形控制模型参数提供了理论依据。     

面向辊形磨削的热带钢连轧机工作辊热变形研究

热带钢连轧机工作辊下机后尚未完全冷却即进行磨削,残存的不均匀热变形导致磨削的工作辊辊形在空冷一段时间上机时很难达到工艺设定值.针对热辊形不易测量的特点,制定合理的物理测量方式,准确地测量了工作辊下机后的温度分布和热辊形.考虑复杂的工作辊换热边界条件,采用有限差分法对工作辊空冷时的温度场和热变形进行了数值模拟,计算结果与测试结果吻合良好.对工作辊下机后不同时刻的热变形进行仿真,通过将目标上机辊形和磨削时热辊形叠加来设定磨削辊形,为实现合理的辊形磨削提供了依据和计算方法.     

Measurement of Thermal Load on Working Rolls during Hot Rolling

Work rolls in hot rolling mills are thermally and mechanically loaded; both of these loading aspects are difficult to measure. Laboratory tests can be used for the specification of the thermal load in the cooling area; however a thermal load in a roll gap is still difficult to measure. The paper describes an experimental technique developed for monitoring the work roll surface temperature by sensors embedded in the work roll. Continuous hot rolling pilot line trials were performed for different process conditions. One parameter, for example, roll cooling, rolling velocity, reduction, or skin cooling, can easily be changed during the trials, and the effect on the thermal cycle of the work roll can be directly measured. These thermal measurements give very detailed information about the temperature field. An inverse heat‐conduction model has been developed to compute the surface boundary condition from the measured temperatures. The heat flux and heat transfer coefficient distribution along the roll circumference can be obtained afterwards. The results for different rolling velocities and reductions (up to 50%) are shown.     

多参数耦合下冷轧铝带工作辊分段冷却调节特性

为得到多参数耦合下冷轧铝带工作辊分段冷却调节特性,建立了工作辊和轧件的一体化耦合传热模型.耦合传热建模过程包含工作辊和轧件导热微分方程的建立、轧件变形热和摩擦热的求解、换热边界条件的确立、工作辊热辊形的计算及采用二维交替差分对微分方程进行求解.仿真结果表明,同一轧制参数下工作辊分段冷却正负方向调节能力近似相等,但单向调节幅度受轧制参数影响较大,轧制长度、喷射梁工作压力和摩擦系数的增加对分段冷却调控能力具有促进作用,轧制速度的作用则相反.      

Thermomechanical Behavior of Work Rolls During Warm Strip Rolling

A mathematical model was developed to assess thermomechanical behavior of work rolls during warm rolling processes. A combined finite element analysis-slab method was first developed to determine thermal and mechanical responses of the strip being rolled under steady-state conditions, and then, the calculated roll pressure and temperature field were utilized as the governing boundary conditions for the thermomechanical problem of the work roll. Finally, the thermomechanical stresses within the work rolls were predicted by a thermoelastic finite element approach. The results of the model indicate that, in warm strip rolling, thermal and mechanical stresses developed in the work rolls are comparable, and thus, both thermal and mechanical aspects of the problem should be considered in such a problem. Besides, the model was shown to be capable of determining the effects of various rolling parameters on the thermomechanical behavior of the work rolls during warm rolling process.     

Balance mathematical model for the heat regime of cold rolling of electrical steel strips in a reversing mill

A mathematical model is developed to describe the heat regime of a reversing cold-rolling mill that takes into account the substantial differences between the heat processes occurring in reversing and continuous mills. Model and heat balance equations are used to calculate the strip temperature in passes and the temperature and the heat profile of rolls as functions of the rolling regime parameters and the heat-transfer coefficients that characterize the heat exchange between a strip, rolls, and lubricant-cooling agents and depend on the cooling system parameters of a mill. The model can be used to find a heat regime favorable for achieving the required final magnetic properties of electrical steel. The efficiency of the factors affecting the heat regime in rolling is studied.     

热连轧轧辊瞬态温度场研究

考虑水冷、空冷、轧辊与轧件接触热传导等动边界条件，采用有限差分法，建立了热连轧轧辊瞬态温度场变步长分析计算模型。该模型能实现轧辊温度场的动态分析和精确计算，预测轧制时以及终轧后空冷的轧辊瞬态温度场。试验和仿真结果表明，所建立的分析计算模型考虑因素全面、合理，计算精度较高，计算值与实测值吻合良好，真实地反映了轧辊的温度变化情况。     

Theoretical Analysis of “Slow Hot Rolling” in Direct Linkage with Thin Slab and Strip Continuous Casting

The present investigation was undertaken in context with the development of the single‐belt strip casting process. In this new process the casting is directly connected to hot rolling which must be carried out at lower speed than in conventional hot rolling to match the casting rate. We have used an integrated thermal/mechanical finite element model to theoretically study the effect of rolling speed on rolling parameters. Since the model is general and the question of “slow hot rolling” is of general interest, the computations were carried out for a wide range of volumetric flow rate extending from that in thin slab casting to that in conventional finishing rolling. The results are given on the influence of rolling speed on roll force, torque, power, temperature change of stock and roll, and roll life. The most important effect of slow hot rolling seems to be the increased heat up of the rolls. This causes an increase of plastic strain in the near surface region of the rolls that will intensify the formation of fatigue cracks.     

Two-Dimensional Transient Temperature Field of Finish Rolling Section in Hot Tandem Rolling

Comprehensively considering the factors such as descaling cooling, air cooling, watercooling, frictional heat and deformation heat in gap of every stand, heat conduction betweenwork roll and strip etc, a model of two-dimensional transient temperature field of finish rollingsection in hot tandem rolling was built with finite difference method to calculate the temperaturefields of strip and work roll. So two-dimensional accurate analysis and calculation of strip tem-perature were realized, and the theoretical basis for predicting and controlling strip temperaturewas provided. The simulated results show that the model is practical and reliable.     

热轧薄带轧制稳定性影响因素分析

结合热轧薄带生产的技术特点,对其轧制稳定性影响因素进行了分析,提出了应对措施:采取合理安排轧制计划、提高加热温度、减少除鳞道次、严格控制辊形、提高轧机各支承辊和工作辊装配精度等,可以提高热轧薄带轧制的稳定性。