不同晚熟柑橘中酚类物质的含量检测及分析

采用超高效液相色谱(ultra-performance liquid chromatography,UPLC)对9种晚熟柑橘(沃柑、春见、大雅柑、不知火、默科特、红肉脐橙、伦晚脐橙、红翠2号和塔罗科血橙)中的主要酚类物质(13种类黄酮和7种酚酸)进行测定,分析比较不同品种柑橘果皮、果肉和果汁(柑橘原汁)中酚类物质种类和含量的差异。结果表明:9个柑橘品种的果皮、果肉、果汁中,类黄酮均以橙皮苷为主,酚酸以阿魏酸为主,且果皮中多甲氧基黄酮含量丰富。在9个柑橘品种果汁中,春见的橙皮苷、咖啡酸含量最高。果肉中,沃柑中阿魏酸、咖啡酸、芥子酸含量最高,塔罗科血橙的橙皮苷、对香豆酸含量最高。果皮中,默科特的芸香柚皮苷、川皮苷、阿魏酸含量最高。杂柑果皮中咖啡酸、阿魏酸及川皮苷含量高于橙类。晚熟柑橘含有丰富的酚类物质,并呈现显著的多样性。     

不同品种柑橘果皮中类黄酮含量及其采后变化

为研究不同品种柑橘果皮中6 种主要类黄酮化合物的分布及含量,以及果皮采后类黄酮含量的变化。通过快速液相色谱法测定宫川温州蜜柑、衢州椪柑、哈姆林甜橙、常山胡柚和蕉柑果皮中橙皮苷、柚皮苷、新橙皮苷、川皮素、橙黄酮、橘皮素的含量以及椪柑果实采后不同时期果皮中总黄酮含量。结果表明：5 种柑橘果皮中,常山胡柚果皮中6 种总黄酮总量最高,其主要类黄酮成分为柚皮苷和新橙皮柑;宫川温州蜜柑和哈姆林甜橙果皮中主要为橙皮苷;衢州椪柑和蕉柑果皮中则主要为橙皮苷和川皮素;衢州椪柑采后随着果皮中叶绿素的降低和类胡萝卜素含量的增加,果皮中总黄酮含量前期呈上升趋势,至15d 后有所降低。     

柑橘果皮中类黄酮组成与抗氧化能力研究

采用高效液相色谱测定了15个柑橘品种果皮中的6种主要类黄酮的含量,并用4种抗氧化方法(DPPH法、FRAP法、金属螯合能力法、TBARS法)对其提取液的抗氧化能力进行分析。结果显示,椪柑果皮中多甲氧基黄酮含量最高(川陈皮素为9.01 mg/g DW,橘皮素为5.10 mg/g DW),普通温州蜜桔果皮具有最高含量的柚皮芸香柑(10.83 mg/g DW)、橙皮苷(56.74 mg/g DW)与总黄酮(六种类黄酮之和为68.26 mg/g DW)。大部分柑橘品种的果皮提取液有较强的抗氧化能力,FARP法与DPPH法的测定结果相关性显著(p0.05),而与金属螯合能力法、TBARS法测定结果相关性不显著(p0.05)。     

柑橘果肉、果皮中酚类物质含量差异性研究

采用高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatographic,HPLC)对8种橙类和杂柑中10种酚类物质含量进行测定,探讨不同柑橘品种果肉和果皮中酚类物质种类和含量的差异,分析其规律。结果表明,10种物质能在55 min内分离,线性范围为0.25~200 mg/L,相关系数达0.999 1~1,精密度(RSD≤1.90%)、重复性(RSD≤3.52%)和稳定性(RSD≤4.22%)较好,平均回收率为90.26%~118.85%(RSD为0.96%~3.01%),表明方法的准确度较高。在橙类和杂柑中,橙类果皮中芥子酸含量显著高于杂柑,杂柑果皮中芦丁含量显著高于橙类;果肉中酚类物质含量低于果皮;果实中酚酸以咖啡酸和绿原酸为主,类黄酮以芦丁和柚皮苷为主;在8个柑橘品种果肉中,金诺的阿魏酸、没食子酸和芦丁含量最高。在8个柑橘品种果皮中,口之津32号的咖啡酸、阿魏酸、对羟基苯甲酸含量最高,沃柑的新橙皮苷、柚皮苷、没食子酸和绿原酸含量最高。     

我国主要宽皮柑橘品种中类胡萝卜素物质的检测及差异性分析

优化了柑橘中类胡萝卜素的提取条件,结合超高效液相色谱法进行快速测定,并重点分析比较了不同品种的不同部位(果肉和果皮)中类胡萝卜素物质的种类和含量差异。结果表明:宽皮柑橘中类胡萝卜素含量丰富,类胡萝卜素以β-隐黄质为主,果肉中总平均含量为8. 44 mg/kg FW,果皮为23. 73 mg/kg FW;不同品种宽皮柑橘之间的含量差异显著,果肉中类胡萝卜素含量呈橘类(14. 73 mg/kg FW)>柑类(13. 51 mg/kg FW)>杂柑类(8. 11 mg/kg FW)的规律,而果皮中类胡萝卜素含量呈橘类(47. 94 mg/kg FW)>杂柑类(28. 71 mg/kg FW)>柑类(21. 80 mg/kg FW)的规律。该文对宽皮柑橘中功能成分开发利用具有重要意义。     

HPLC法测定不同产地柑橘第一次生理落果中活性成分的含量

本研究采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定我国柑橘主要产区如湖北宜昌、湖南怀化、广东潮州、广西南宁、福建漳州、浙江衢州等地的柑、橙、柚三种柑橘属植物第一次生理落果中川陈皮素、橘皮素、橙皮苷、柚皮苷、柠檬苦素以及辛弗林的含量,比较不同产地柑橘属植物落果中有效活性成分含量的规律特点,旨在选取营养价值高、活性成分含量丰富的柑橘落果品种,为将来从中进一步提取有效成分并将其应用到各方面奠定基础。结果表明浙江衢州的椪柑落果中川陈皮素及橘皮素含量最高,分别为359.63 μg/g和222.14 μg/g;湖北宜昌的蜜柚落果中柚皮苷含量最高,为20.97 mg/g;湖北宜昌的脐橙落果中橙皮苷含量最高,为1485.73 μg/g;福建漳州的琯溪蜜柚落果中柠檬苦素含量最高,为866.73 μg/g;广西南宁的沃柑落果中辛弗林含量最高,为1004.14 μg/g。     

液相色谱法测定柑橘果实中类黄酮的方法研究

文中以柑橘中常见的、含量丰富的柚皮素-7-β-芸香糖苷等10种类黄酮为研究对象,建立了同时测定柑橘中黄烷酮和多甲氧基黄酮含量的高效液相色谱分析方法。采用Waters Symmetry C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为0.2%乙酸水溶液和乙腈,梯度洗脱,二极管阵列检测器,检测波长为287 nm和330 nm,柱温25℃,流速1.0 mL/min。外标法定量,柚皮素-7-β-芸香糖苷、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、香风草苷、柚皮素、橙皮素、甜橙黄酮、川皮苷和桔黄酮等10种类黄酮的线性范围为0.01～27.00 mg/L(r≥0.99),检出限为0.01～0.02 mg/L。果汁的平均加标回收率为在94.20%～106.58%之间,相对标准偏差为1.15%～5.41%;果皮的平均加标回收率为95.15%～101.19%,相对标准偏差为1.47%～3.78%。     

基于高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器结合气相-质谱/脉冲火焰检测器分析香橙中类黄酮和挥发性物质

以香橙不同部位(果肉和果皮)为研究对象,采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列、固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱/脉冲火焰检测器对香橙果实中6种类黄酮物质(芸香柚皮苷、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、柚皮素和橙皮素)和挥发性物质进行定性和定量分析,探讨香橙不同部位目标类黄酮物质和挥发性物质的分布规律。结果表明,香橙果肉和果皮中仅检测出芸香柚皮苷、柚皮苷、橙皮苷和新橙皮苷4种目标类黄酮物质,且果皮中总目标类黄酮物质含量明显高于果肉中含量;在香橙果实中共检测到69种挥发性化合物,果肉中的挥发性化合物种类(60种)多于果皮中(57种),而果肉中的含量低于果皮中;此外,芳樟醇(花香)、柠檬烯(橘香)、丁酸乙酯(果香)、对伞花烃(橘香)、α-蒎烯(松香)、β-月桂烯(果香和香脂味)、萜品油烯(松香)和乙酸丁酯(果香)是果肉中气味活性值(odor activity values, OAV)>100的重要特征风味组分;芳樟醇(花香)、柠檬烯(橘香)、α-蒎烯(松香)、β-月桂烯(果香和香脂味)、对伞花烃(橘香)、α-水芹烯(橘香)、石竹烯(油炸味、香料味)、丁酸乙酯(果香)是果皮中OAV>1 000的重要特...     

不同生长阶段金柑果实中类黄酮等活性物质含量差异分析

为探究金柑果实发育过程中类黄酮含量、酚酸含量、类柠檬苦素、生物碱及香豆素含量的动态变化规律及含量差异,以不同生长期8个金柑品种全果为研究对象,采用超高效液相色谱串联三重四极杆质谱法分析其5类生物活性成分含量变化及差异。结果表明,9～12月份期间,在8个品种金柑果实中共检测到85种生物活性成分,包括48种类黄酮(黄酮、多甲氧基黄酮为主),9种酚酸(绿原酸、芥子酸)、3种类柠檬苦素(柠檬苦素为主),5种生物碱(N-甲基酪胺、酪胺为主)和20种香豆素(滨蒿内酯为主);随着果实的膨大,花后35～125 d金柑果实中类黄酮、类柠檬苦素、生物碱总含量随着成熟度的增加而急剧减少,花后95 d左右趋于平缓;发育过程中金柑果实的酚酸、香豆素总含量变化差异显著;8个金柑品种中,金柑杂种的总类黄酮含量最高,但其金柑特有类黄酮金柑苷含量极少,其他7种金柑中总类黄酮含量均以金柑苷为主,含量占类黄酮总量的26.08%～79.08%。该研究建立了金柑苷检测方法,研究结果明确了金柑果实不同生长时期的生物活性成分差异,为金柑果实资源的综合利用以及保健品开发提供了数据支撑。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定红美人柑橘不同组织中12种类黄酮化合物

目的 建立一种同时测定红美人柑橘中12种类黄酮化合物(圣草次苷、芸香柚皮苷、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、野漆树苷、香蜂草苷、枸橘苷、柚皮素、橙皮素、川皮苷和橘皮素)的高效液相色谱方法 。方法 样品采用甲醇水溶液超声提取,采用SunFire C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)分离,甲醇-水(含0.2%乙酸)体系作为流动相,梯度洗脱, 287 nm波长下检测分析。结果 12种类黄酮化合物在各自相应的范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均不小于0.9998, 12种类黄酮化合物的检出限为0.08～0.50μg/mL, 3个浓度添加水平的加标回收率范围为90.25%～110.80%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations, RSDs)为1.69%～3.70%。结论 该方法 准确度和精密度较高,简便快速,适用于红美人柑橘中类黄酮化合物的快速检测。红美人柑橘中的类黄酮化合物主要以橙皮苷、芸香柚皮苷和香蜂草苷为主,其在果皮和果肉中的含量存在明显差异。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press