共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
研究了一种基于微电子和微机械加工技术的六边形压电超声换能器阵列。依据活塞声源辐射声场特性,采用瑞利积分法计算了方形膜声压及指向性函数;运用惠更斯原理,仿真模拟了阵列远场声压分布。理论分析了阵元边长、阵元中心间距和阵元数目等结构参数对阵列波束宽度、方向锐度角和旁瓣级的影响。结果表明,该阵列模型不仅能完全消除栅瓣,有效抑制旁瓣,减小主瓣宽度,且在低频(约10kHz量级)范围有很高的指向性。通过优化阵列参数,可获得最佳的声压分布,进而为阵列设计和声场分析提供理论参考。 相似文献
2.
超声阵列换能器单个或多个阵元的振动效率、几何尺寸等参数的改变,会影响整个阵列的声场分布等性能参数,降低超声检测的分辨率及相应的检测效果.基于阵列换能器声压分布理论,利用自适应算法,从阵元激励的角度,探讨阵列超声换能器阵元激励的优化方法,消除阵元失效的影响.研究结果表明,利用声场分布空间中有限数量的优化参考点,经过对激励参数的优化,可以使有阵元失效阵列的整个声场分布、指向性及聚焦特性等性能指标与标准无阵元失效阵列的基本一致,达到期望的标准声场分布的参数指标,大大降低超声检测设备的应用成本,提高检测效果. 相似文献
3.
提出了一种用平凹柱面换能器作为阵元的新型一维超声线阵.将平凹柱面换能器线形排列构成线阵,建立阵元及线阵的声场分布的数值模型,对其声场分布受线阵参数的影响和对线阵声束的控制进行了研究,并对其声场进行了数值模拟.研究表明,可用平凹柱面换能器作为阵元构成线阵,线阵的指向性在阵元的长度方向上受阵元长度影响,在宽度方向上可通过调节线阵的参数实现,线阵声场在对阵元不加相控的情况下表现出聚焦特性,且其声束辐射方向及其焦点位置可通过阵元激励相位进行控制.在对检测深度变化较小的情况下,这种线阵可用来进行无损检测. 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
声场分布一般使用Fresnel积分或瑞利表面积分来计算.由于这类积分的强烈振荡性,直接数值积分,即通常的广义点源叠加方法(GPSS),计算比较复杂.Wen和Breazeale将声源分布函数表示成一组高斯函数之和,从而场积分简化为一组高斯束函数叠加,避开了复杂的数值积分.Spies等将此方法推广应用到圆形活塞换能器在横向各向同性固体中的声场分布的计算.本文在Spies等人的研究基础上提出了一种计算任意分布矩形活塞换能器在各向异性(横向各向同性)介质中声场分布的方法,突破了以往对于换能器必须是圆形轴对称的限制.这种方法较GPSS更为简单且有效. 相似文献
8.
9.
针对二维稀疏超声相控阵声场分布中的栅瓣和旁瓣问题,推导了二维稀疏超声相控阵的指向性公式,并利用发射阵列和接收阵列交错分布的方式消除栅瓣及抑制旁瓣,从而优化声场特性,优化后横向和侧向扫描范围由30°扩大到60°。建立了优化后阵列声场指向性与损坏阵元位置的函数关系式。声场指向性仿真结果表明,距阵列中心越近的阵元损坏时旁瓣升高越多,单个阵元损坏导致一级旁瓣最多升高20dB,主瓣下降约6dB,且与损坏阵元位置无关;相同位置的发射阵列和接收阵列阵元同时损坏时,对声场特性影响达到最大。 相似文献
10.
11.
An array antenna consisting of identical distortion-free sensors used for the reception of nonsinusoidal waves with finite bandwidth is modeled as a linear time-invariant causal system. It is shown that the impulse response of the array sensors is a function of the angle of incidence of the received wavefront. Based on this model, a self-steering array system for beam forming with noise-free rectangular pulses is developed. Its beam-forming mechanism determines the array impulse response to point a main beam in the direction of the source from which the waves are arriving. The array system is advanced further so that nonsinusoidal waves that suffer distortions due to scattering from a large scatterer, and/or dispersive propagation, can be processed to form a main beam in the direction of the scatterer, and to achieve classification and identification of the unknown scatterer 相似文献
12.
从理论上分析了180元HgCdTe线列器件的冷屏效应,计算了180元HgCdTe线列探测器每个光敏元所对应的平面视场角(FOV)及其在300K背景辐射下的背景限探测率,并将实际的180元HgCdTe线列探测器件每个光敏元的性能同理论进行了比较,结果表明180元长波红外HgCdTe线列探测器的性能已经接近室温背景的理论极限. 相似文献
13.
14.
Chien-Ching Chiu Chia-Ying Yu Shu-Han Liao Min-Kang Wu 《Wireless Personal Communications》2013,69(4):1865-1876
The geometrical shape of antenna arrays for maximizing the average channel capacity of the system in a multiple-input multiple-output link is investigated. The optimum element spacing of the transmitting antenna is also included. The frequency responses of transceiver antenna with different element spacing are computed by ray-tracing techniques, and the channel frequency response is further used to calculate corresponding channel capacity. The transmitter is set in the center of the indoor environment and the receivers are with uniform intervals distribution in the whole wooden table. Linear shaped array, L shaped array, T shaped array and rectangular shaped array with non-uniform inter-element spacing are investigated for both line-of-sight and non-LOS scenarios. The optimal element spacing of antenna for maximizing the channel capacity is searched by particle swarm optimizer. Numerical results have shown that our proposed method is effective for increasing average channel capacity. It is also found that L shaped array has the highest channel capacity and the improvement ratio for rectangular shaped array is the largest. 相似文献
15.
16.
本文针对微带天线阵元之间的互耦对辐射特性的影响进行研究,以矩形贴片构成的四单元直线阵为研究平台,导出相应的计算公式,基于时域有限差分法建立天线模型,进行仿真测试,讨论了在不同位置对阵元馈电的情况下,互耦对阵列方向图的影响,为在互耦状态下微带天线阵的设计提供了参考. 相似文献
17.
18.
研究了频率选择性瑞利衰落信道中的同步MC-CDMA系统上行链路空时信道估计及多用户检测算法。考虑对应于子载波的衰落系数是信道冲激响应的离散傅里叶变换,通过在两个数据块之间插入训练序列(midamble)进行所有用户的联合信道估计。首先采用广义Steiner估计器(GSE)来进行阵列天线信道冲激响应的初始估计,然后提出一种简单有效的适用于均匀线阵的互相关波达方向(CCDOA)估计算法,用以改进阵列天线信道冲激响应的估计,从空间的角度降低了信道响应中的噪声。在估计出所有用户空时信道参数的基础上,构造最大比合并(MRC)、解相关检测和最小均方误差检测(MMSE)来进行信号检测。仿真结果表明基于互相关DOA估计的改进信道估计算法与广义Steiner估计器相比在系统性能上有显著的改善。 相似文献
19.
给出了传声器阵列宽带超增益波束形成的时域实现方法。在该方法中,传声器阵列各个阵元输出的语音信号先经过数字延迟线,实现整数倍采样间隔的时延补偿,然后由FIR数字滤波器来模拟超增益波束形成所需的不同频率上不同的幅度和相位加权,最后再把FIR数字滤波器的输出相加即得到时域宽带波束输出。仿真了间距为0.05m的5元均匀线性传声器阵列接收到的端射方向带噪线性调频信号和语音信号,并进行时域宽带超增益处理。仿真结果表明,超增益处理比常规处理的阵增益高8.2dB左右,且具有良好的语音增强效果。 相似文献
20.
Fuxi Wen Boon Poh Ng Vinod Veera Reddy 《Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing》2013,24(1):157-179
Various array processing techniques applied to uniform linear arrays are involuntarily realized using structures that are analogous to finite impulse response filters. This observation leads to the following question: “can we extend infinite impulse response (IIR) filtering to array processing?”. In this paper, we introduce the concept of IIR array in spatial domain. Note that IIR array here does not mean time-domain IIR filtering for array beamforming which is commonly understood. This paper is dedicated to the study of an alternate approach for array signal processing which defines IIR structure in spatial domain. To illustrate the applicability of the concept of IIR array, we propose a new direction-of-arrival estimation technique as well as a beamformer with the spatial domain IIR array implementation. The performance of the proposed methods are comparable to the existing techniques. These illustrations are intended to introduce a new approach which potentially can offer more degrees of freedom to control the performance of the array and reduce the complexity of the system for a desired performance. 相似文献