烃源岩非均质性对有机质生烃动力学参数影响及评价

烃源岩的非均质性、动力学模型中频率因子的不确定性、热模拟实验条件(开放/封闭程度、加水与否、升温速率)以及热模拟实验的再现性都将影响有机质成烃动力学模型参数,进而影响油气资源潜力评价结果的可信度.对此,从多个盆地不同类型有机质样品(18块)的开放体系(Rock-Eval)热模拟实验人手,选取SFF模型和MFF模型来描述不同类型有机质样品成烃动力学特征,对比地质外推结果的差异性.其中采用SFF模型低估了具有较低和较高活化能有机质的生烃潜力(反应分数),而采用MFF模型可以避免这一问题,同时频率因子随活化能的升高而升高,能有效解决频率因子不确定性的问题.同时采用算术平均法和依据S2加权平均法对不同类型样品的动力学参数求取平均动力学参数,并以3.3℃/Ma的升温速率进行外推,对比分析了不同类型有机质外推结果的差异性.最后,通过对两种模型依据S2加权平均法获得的动力学参数在松辽盆地黑鱼泡凹陷实际应用表明,应用MFF模型计算得出的生烃门限深度为1 700m,与前人研究结论一致.表明采用MFF模型和S2加权平均法获得的动力学参数进行资源评价具有较高可信度.     

锆合金的织构及其对性能的影响

锆合金被广泛应用于核反应堆中，作为燃料元件的包壳材料或堆内结构部件，织构会影响其众多的应用性能，因此织构的研究及控制在锆合金的开发利用中具有重要作用。综述了，锆合金塑性变形的滑移和孪生系统；锆合金管板材的织构特点及控制方法；热轧温度对锆合金板材织构的影响以及退火处理锆合金织构的演化；并分别总结了织构与锆合金屈服强度、蠕变强度、碘致应力腐蚀开裂、氢化物取向分布以及辐照生长等性能的相互关系。     

Effects of Rolling Processes on Bainite and Mechanical Properties of Ultra-High Strength Pipeline Steel

Ultra-high strength pipeline steels were rolled by thermal mechanical controlling process (TMCP),and effects of the volume fraction,the size and microstructure morphologies of three different bainite (AF,GB and LB) on mechanical properties were investigated by optical microscope.The results showed that,X120 ultra-high strength pipeline steel was rolled through the reasonable thermal mechanical controlling process (TMCP),and the yield strength and the low temperature charpy impact energy (-30℃) were higher than 840MPa and above 230J,respectively,meanwhile,the ratios of tensile strength to yield strength were lower below 0.82.As for X100 pipeline,of which the mechanical property were higher than that by X100 pipeline steel of ISO standard,yield strength of the steel was 715 MPa,ultimate tensile strength 963 MPa,impact energy 282J,and yield ratio 0.74.     

Sludge Blanket Formation and Its Effects on Secondary Clarifier Performance

Secondary clarifiers are a vital component of the activated sludge process. Previous studies have showed that operation factors such as surface overflow rate (SOR) and solids loading rate have an essential impact on secondary clarifier performance. However, the impact of these factors on sludge blanket formation and the effect of blanket on clarifier performance have not been studied thoroughly. In this study, a series of stress tests was conducted and the sludge blanket was allowed to accumulate during the tests for elucidating the relationships between sludge blanket and other critical operational parameters. It was found that the sludge blanket has a strong linear correlation with SOR and the linear models have the R2 values of 0.89 and 0.85. High blanket levels show a stronger positive linear correlation with effluent suspended solids (ESS) compared to low blanket levels. A sharp increase in ESS will occur regardless of the blanket height if SORs are high enough. In addition, low initial blanket levels do not lead to lower blanket levels. Moreover, a strong negative linear correlation was observed between the initial blanket level and the blanket increment.     

磁场、电场对金属材料热加工过程中组织和性能的影响

叙述了国内外磁场、电场作用于金属材料的热加工过程中,对金属材料组织和性能影响的研究情况.磁场和电场都能细化金属材料的晶粒,对金属材料的组织和性能具有显著的影响.此外,磁场能够提高金属材料的传导和传热能力,提高金属材料的冷却均匀性和时效后的强度.电场能够提高金属材料的强度、硬度和渗透性.     

水雾化条件对于金属粉末性能的影响

探讨了水雾化条件对所制金属粉末性能的影响,研究结果表明:在所研究的范围内,喷射角度越小,金属粉末形状越复杂,其松装密度也就越低;而冷却速度的增加,则有助于粉末的细化和使粉末的形貌变得更复杂。     

碘化物-碘-MG络合物的形成、特性及其在光度法中应用前景

在0.15～0.5mol/LH_2SO_4溶液中,碘化物、碘、孔雀绿(MG)生成绿色络合物 易被苯萃取.苯萃取的络合物最大吸收波长为640nm,可稳定至少100h,0～7μgIO_8~-/10ml苯符合比尔定律,摩尔吸光系数为2.74×10~5,分子式是(MG)_8I_5.络合物具有氧化性和还原性.因此 只能将I~-氧化为I_2的微量氧化性化合物和将络合物中I_2还原为I~-的微量还原性化合物都可用本络合物反应进行测定.而且具有高的灵敏度.     

一种新型Ag-SnO2触头材料的制备及对性能的影响

采用化学共沉淀法和粉末热锻相结合的工艺，研制出新型的Ag—SnO2触头材料，并对其组织结构进行了观察分析，同时还测试了材料的密度、硬度、电阻率等物理性能。     

Water Cooling Effects on the Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Friction-Stir-Processed Al-6061 Alloy

Water cooling was applied during friction stir processing (FSP) of an Al-6061 alloy, and it was found that the strengthening efficiency induced by water cooling was varied, which was dependent on the initial base metal temper. As to the natural-aged Al-6061 alloy (6061-NA), the stir zone (SZ) was strengthened significantly by water cooling. Compared with the air-cooled FSP sample, the relatively high strength of the water-cooled FSP sample mainly arose from grain refinement, increased density of dislocations and large amounts of fine re-precipitated Guinier–Preston zones in the SZ. On the contrary, as to the annealed Al-6061 alloy (6061-O), the difference in the microstructural evolution between the FSP samples with and without water cooling was nonsignificant, where only finer grain morphology was observed in the water-cooled SZ, and thus the strengthening effects caused by water cooling became less.     

国内外水厂净水工艺的比较

结合国内外部分给水厂设计实例,对净水工艺进行了总结和探讨,分析了各类水厂的特点和差别。