新型高活性催化剂乙烯气相聚合的研究：共聚反应动力学及共聚？…

研究了新型高活性催化剂ＴｉＣｌ４、Ｔｉ（ＯＢｕ）４／ＭｇＣｌ２、ＳｉＯ２、ＺｎＣｌ２／醇／ＡｌＲ３体系催化乙烯和１－丁烯气相共聚反应的规律和动力学。     

用TiCl_4／MgCl_2－Al（i－Bu）_3合成反－1，4－聚异戊二烯

研究了负载型钛催化剂ＴｉＣｌ_４／ＭｇＣｌ_２－Ａｌ（ｉ－Ｂｕ）_３体系合成反－１，４－聚异戊二烯的基本规律。结果表明，最适宜的聚合条件为：６０℃，Ａｌ／Ｔｉ＝１０（摩尔比），Ｔｉ／Ｉｐ＝２×１０￣（－４）（摩尔比），加料顺序为汽油－Ａｌ－Ｔｉ－Ｉｐ。预聚合可有效地提高催化剂效率，而对聚合物的分子量影响不大。     

理化因子对嗜盐隐杆藻细胞生长及胞外多糖产量的影响

比较不同ＮａＣｌ、Ｃａ２＋、ＰＯ３－４等离子浓度对嗜盐隐杆藻（Ａｐｈａｎｏｔｈｅｃｅｈａｌｏｐｈｙｔｉｃａ）细胞生长及胞外多糖（Ｅｘｏｐｏｌｙｓａｃ－ｃｈａｒｉｄｅＥＰＳ）产量的影响。在各影响因子不同浓度的培养条件下,０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＮａＣｌ、１．０ｇ／Ｌ的Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２·４Ｈ２Ｏ、０．１ｇ／Ｌ的ＫＨ２ＰＯ４分别是其最佳生长浓度。ＥＰＳ的产量在０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＣｌ、,０．５ｇ／ＬＣａ（ＮＯ３）２·４Ｈ２Ｏ、０．５ｇ／Ｌ的ＫＨ２ＰＯ４培养条件下最高。在较低的Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、ＰＯ３－４浓度下可提高ＥＰＳ产率。     

Cr_2O_3在SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO-B_2O_3系玻璃和玻璃陶瓷中的作用

利用ＳＭＥ和ＸＲＤ等技术,系统研究了Ｃｒ２Ｏ３对ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＭｇＯ－Ｂ２Ｏ３系玻璃和玻璃陶瓷中的作用。当Ｃｒ２Ｏ３％＜１时,随着Ｃｒ２Ｏ３。含量的增加,玻璃试样的颜色由浅绿色逐渐转变成灰色;Ｃｒ２Ｏ３％＞１时,镁铬（铝）类晶石,Ｍｇ（Ａｌ１．５Ｃｒ０．５）Ｏ４,在玻璃试样中析出;在玻璃陶瓷中,Ｃｒ２Ｏ３％的含量的增加有助于Ｍｇ（Ａｌ１．５Ｃｒ０．５）Ｏ４相的析出,对云母晶体的析出有抑制作用。同时还发现Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的含量对云母晶体显微组织也有显著的影响作用。     

酸性膦酸酯钕盐催化聚合丁二烯的研究

以酸性膦酸酯（Ｐ５０７）钕盐（Ｎｄ）、Ａｌ（ｉ－Ｂｕ）３（Ａｌ）和Ａｌ２Ｅｔ３Ｃｌ３（Ｃｌ）为催化体系，已烷为溶剂，进行丁二烯（Ｂｄ）溶液聚合。催化剂采用Ａｌ＋Ｎｄ＋Ｃｌ的加料方式，Ａｌ／Ｎｄ＝２０（摩尔比，下同），Ｃｌ／Ｎｄ＝３．０，室温下陈化２ｈ以上，于５０℃恒温水溶中聚合５ｈ，可得到顺式－１，４含量高于９７％，［η］大于９．０ｄＬ／ｇ的聚合物。同时证明，在相同的催化剂组分配比及聚合条件下，该     

SiC对IRFC致密度及性能的影响

基于原位反应复合材料生长的ＥｘｔｅｎｄｅｄＶａｐｏｒ－Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ－Ｓｏｌｉｄ机制，设计使用Ａｌ－Ｓｉ－Ｍｇ合金为母相，煅烧过的ＳｉＣ（１４μｍ）细颗粒为预测件，采用加水ＣａＳＯ４与Ａｌ２Ｏ３混合粉为阻生剂制出体积相对密度在９７％以上，强度高达５００．９±４０．９ＭＰａ，Ｋｉｃ高达５．０８±０．３９ＭＰａ．ｍ１／２的ＩＲＦＣ材料，并运用金相显微镜对ＩＲＦＣ的微观结构进行了分析，用ＥＶＳＬ理论对ＩＲ     

SiC—Al2O3基复相陶瓷的N2—HIP研究

通过对热压ＳｉＣ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料进行了Ｎ２－ＨＩＰ后处理，制备得到Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＡｌＮ＝ＳｉＣ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３梯度材料，经Ｎ２－ＨＩＰ处理后，材料抗弯强度提高３５％－９５％，并得到经强度达１０３０ＭＰａ的ＳｉｅＮ４－ＡｌＮ／ＳｉＣｐ－ＳｉＣＷ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料。     

丙烯聚合负载型高效催化剂及给电子体作用机理

综述了具有代表性的丙烯聚合负载型高效催化剂ＴｉＣｌ４·ＭｇＣｌ２·Ｐｈ（ＣＯＯＢｕ）２－ＡｌＲ３·ＰｈｎＳｉ（ＯＲ）４－ｎ，丙烯聚合活性中心结构模型及聚合机理，阐述了催化剂中给电子体的结构特征及作用机理，着重阐明了芳香族单酯、芳香族双脂，烷氧基硅烷作内外给电子体，提高丙烯聚合等规度的原理。     

溶胶－凝胶法制备莫来石晶须

用正硅酸乙酯、硝酸铝为原料，采用溶胶－凝胶工艺制备了Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３－ＳｉＯ＿２干凝胶，通过高温热处理制得了直径为０．５～２．５μｍ，长径比为５～４０的莫来石晶须。采用ＸＲＤ，ＳＥＭ，ＴＥＭ和ＳＡＤＰ等手段研究了莫来石晶须的晶相组成、形貌与生长方向，发现莫来石晶须是沿其ｃ轴方向生长的。用４ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ＿３·Ｈ＿２Ｏ催化的Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３－ＳｉＯ＿２溶胶的凝胶化时间越短，经高温热处理后莫来石晶须含量越高。     

用于乙烯聚合的ＶＯＣｌ３· ｎＲＯＨ／Ａｌ２Ｅｔ３Ｃｌ３催化剂

以Ｖ２Ｏ５ 为原料、脂肪醇为萃取剂,在较为温和 的条件下制备了钒醇配合物（ＶＯＣｌ３ · ｎＲＯＨ）,用其为催 化剂、Ａｌ２ Ｅｔ３ Ｃｌ３ 为助催化剂催化乙烯聚合。结果表明,该 催化剂体系聚合烯烃的活性及催化效率均高于ＶＯＣｌ３ ／ Ａｌ２ Ｅｔ３Ｃｌ３催化剂体系;较低的温度对ＶＯＣｌ３· ｎＲＯＨ／Ａｌ２Ｅｔ３Ｃｌ３体系催化乙烯聚合有利。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。