黑旺露天矿的掘沟实践

本文以黑旺铁矿重点工程＋３５ｍ水平掘沟为例，阐述了大水矿山在延深过程中穿孔爆破、采装运输及排水方面的问题与效果。     

炼钢炼铁除尘污泥应用于烧结配料的实践

１前言济钢集团总公司总厂区域共有３座２５ｔ炼钢转炉,６座有效容积为３５０ｍ３的炼铁高炉。炼钢转炉烟尘洗涤水循环水量为７００ｍ３／ｈ,由ＤＮ４００回水管道回流到辐流沉淀池及平流沉淀池内加药沉淀;高炉煤气洗涤水循环水量为２２００ｍ３／ｈ,通过两条排水明渠进入６座平流沉淀池内加药沉淀,沉淀的污泥过去一直采用人工与机械装置相结合的方式从池中挖出,堆积在晾泥场中或运往异地处理,不仅严重的污染了环境,而且造成极大的资源、能源浪费。为改变这一现状,决定对炼钢炼铁污泥进行综合利用。２对炼钢炼铁除尘污泥的成分分析…     

基于物联网的矿井内主排水设备状态监测

由于矿井内主排水设备故障频发,影响排水工作的正常进行,为此提出并设计了基于物联网的矿井内主排水设备状态监测技术。利用物联网技术,确定主排水设备的故障参量,并划定监测范围;优化主排水设备的状态监测算法,实现矿井内主排水设备监测技术设计。通过实验论证分析的方式,确定基于物联网的主排水设备状态监测技术的有效性,进行矿井内主排水设备的状态监测工作时,具有良好的监测效果,并且提高监测效率,保证矿井排水工作的正常进行。     

重钢新区高效利用雨排水建设海绵城市的实践

简单介绍了重钢新区利用海绵城市建设理念,对于厂区及周边雨排水在旱季和雨季的高效使用情况。重钢新区根据周边山体散排水及厂区雨排水水质不同,加以分质净化处理使用,最大限度利用雨排水,为企业带来了实惠。对一些新建厂区或园区开发利用雨排水,发挥海绵效应,具有一定的借鉴意义。     

招金矿业股份有限公司夏甸金矿排水系统优化

夏甸金矿排水系统优化前管理困难，优化后采用集中排水，不但减少了排水费用，而且管理非常方便。通过优化，解决了夏甸金矿长期以来排水费用居高不下的局面，取得了良好的经济效益。     

中国2010上海世博会给水排水新技术解读与展望

借助中国2010上海世博会的契机,对给水排水新技术情况进行了全面调研,总结了世博会上展示和应用给水排水新技术的展馆和地标,解读了各个国家和地区向世界展示的给水排水方面的最新技术和先进理念,展望了城市给水排水技术未来发展的动态及趋势,指出了世博后上海给水排水技术的重点发展方向.     

基于矿井主排水设备节能措施的研究

矿井主排水设备是大型固定机械,其效率高低直接影响矿井排水的电能消耗量和矿井的生产成本。通过对矿井主排水设备工作性能和工作效率这两种影响因素的分析,提出了矿井主排水设备的节能措施。     

某金属矿山露天采场排水接力泵站优化探讨

根据某金属矿山露天开采的采剥计划,该采场现有排水泵站已不能满足采坑排水的需求,需建设二级接力泵站排水系统。以该排水系统改造为背景,对排水接力泵站优化设计过程中排水方案的制定、接力泵站的选址、水泵的选型、管路的设计、不同排水工况排水系统能力的复核等问题进行了详细分析,总结了类似露天矿排水系统设计改造的经验。     

冶金企业水管理工作探讨

由于世界性的水危机不断出现，水管理工作越来越被各国政府所重视，各国都投巨资，开源节流，改善水环境，减少水污染。中国又是世界缺水较突出的国家，人均占有水资源仅为世界人均占有水资源量的１／４２２００ｍ３，据专家测算，中国至２０３０年，人均占有水资源量仅为１７６０ｍ３，将达到缺水极限。国家为缓解水资源的供需矛盾，必将出台相应提高水费价格，限制取水与排水的法规与政策。冶金企业是耗水大户，占整个工业企业用水总量的１５％，制定节水，减少水排放相关措施迫在眉睫。下面就这些问题谈一下看法：１建立一支素质较强的专…     

永平铜矿凹陷露天排水方案选择

本文简要地介绍了永平铜矿凹陷露天排水设计,通过对排水方案的分析比较,提出了技术上可行和经济上合理的排水方案.     

Applying MODFLOW Model for Drainage Problem Solution: A Case Study from Jahir Irrigated Fields, Israel

High water table and soil salinization processes are common in irrigated fields in Israel. Subsurface drainage systems are a common technique to solve soil salinity problems. Subsurface drainage models can contribute to the efficiency of the drainage system as it can assist in the selection of the proper drainage system and its proper placement in the field. In this study we used the MODFLOW groundwater flow model to simulate groundwater levels in Jahir irrigated fields, the Jordan Valley, Israel. Using a three-layer groundwater flow model, the most efficient drainage system was found to be a combination of deep drains with relief wells and a pump placed in the area with soil salinity problem and upward hydraulic pressure. It was found that simulated drainage system can yield nearly 200,000?m3 of water per year. Given certain information, a spatially distributed groundwater flow model such as MODFLOW can provide more reliable information than different analytical solutions for planning of an effective subsurface drainage system.     

Simultaneous Prediction of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Drainable Porosity Using the Inverse Problem Technique

The saturated hydraulic conductivity K and the effective porosity f are two important input parameters needed for lateral drain spacing design, as well as some other applications. The technical and economic justification, of most drainage projects, is mainly connected to these two parameters. The current design procedure is based upon calculation of the lateral spacing, using some average values of K and f within the drainage area. The objectives of this study were to introduce a new method for simultaneous estimation of K and f parameters using the inverse problem technique, and to evaluate five different unsteady drainage analytical models of the Boussinesq equation, suggested by different researchers for simultaneous prediction of the parameters. Consequently, five different analytical models for predicting water table profiles were solved, using the inverse problem technique. Each model was then evaluated. A physical drainage model of 2.2?m length, 0.3?m width, and 0.5?m height was established in the laboratory and carefully packed with a sandy loam soil. A perforated drainage pipe of 4.5?cm in diameter was installed at the bottom end of the model. Many piezometers were inserted in the soil for spatial and temporal water table monitoring. Different data sets from the experiments and literature were used for model calibration. The newly proposed approach that is based upon measuring water table profiles, at different times, was then evaluated with both constant and variable f. The predicted values of the proposed approach indicated reasonable agreement with the measured data. With variable effective porosity, the method was even more accurate to predict the water table profiles. Using the inverse problem technique, all the analytical models provided good agreement with the measured data. Among these, however, the Topp and Moody model predicted more accurate results than other models.     

某钨矿尾矿库坝体渗水治理实践

某钨矿尾矿库坝体渗水严重,存在很大的安全隐患。通过对尾矿库岩土工程地质特征、土层渗透性、坝体渗流计算分析以及初期坝坝坡渗水原因分析,提出在初期坝坝面和排渗棱体顶部各增设一排水平排渗管,将坝体内尾矿渗透水及时引至坝坡排水沟后再排往下游,降低坝体内浸润线,以增强坝体稳定性。治理后初期坝坝面水平排渗管日最大排渗量696 m3,排渗棱体顶部水平排渗管日最大排渗量1 326 m3,解决了坝坡渗水问题,标高200 m浸润线比治理前降低了0.99 m,保证了坝体的稳定与安全。     

莱钢H型钢生产线精轧机除尘系统设计与应用

莱钢型钢厂大H型钢生产线精轧机组设计安装气动洗气除尘系统,系统包括风机系统、烟尘捕集及管道系统、除尘器系统、电气控制系统、给排水系统、操作系统。系统投运后,粉尘浓度由55 mg/m3下降到6 mg/m3,现场环境得到明显改善。     

Subirrigation Systems to Minimize Nitrate Leaching

Nitrate leaching from corn production systems and the subsequent contamination of ground and surface waters is a major environmental problem. In field plots 75 m long by 15 m wide, the writers tested the hypothesis that subirrigation and intercropping will reduce leaching losses from cultivated corn and minimize water pollution. Nitrate leaching under subirrigation at a depth of either 0.7 m or 0.8 m below the soil surface was compared with leaching under free drainage. The cropping systems investigated were corn (Zea mays L.) monoculture and corn intercropped with annual Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Barmultra). The effects of three fertilizer application rates (0, 180, and 270 kg N ha?1) on leaching were investigated in the freely drained plots. The greatest annual loss of NO3?-N in tile drainage water (21.9 kg N ha?1) occurred in freely draining, monocropped plots fertilized with 270 kg N ha?1. Monocropped plots fertilized with 270 kg N ha?1, with subirrigation at 0.7 m depth, resulted in annual nitrate losses into tile drainage of 6.6 kg N ha?1, 70% less than under free drainage. Annual soil denitrification rates (60 kg N ha?1) with subirrigation at 0.7 m were about three-fold greater than under free drainage. Intercropping under free drainage resulted in a 50% reduction in tile drainage loss of NO3?-N compared with monocropping. Off-season (November 1, 1993, to May 31, 1994) tile drainage losses of NO3?-N (7.8 kg N ha?1) from freely draining monocropped plots accounted for 30% of the annual tile drainage losses.     

Interactive Effects of Controlled Drainage and Riparian Buffers on Shallow Groundwater Quality

As a result of recent surface water quality problems in North Carolina, riparian buffers and controlled drainage are being used to reduce the loss of nonpoint source nitrogen from agricultural fields. The effect of controlled drainage and riparian buffers as best management practices to reduce the loss of agricultural nonpoint source nitrogen from the middle coastal plain has not been well documented. The middle coastal plain is characterized by intensive agriculture on sandy soils with deeply incised or channelized streams. A 2-year study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of controlled drainage, riparian buffers, and a combination of both in the middle coastal plain of North Carolina. It was hypothesized that raising the water table near the ditch would enhance nitrate-nitrogen reduction through denitrification. On the sandy soils studied, controlled drainage did not effectively raise the water table near the ditch to a greater degree than observed on the free drainage treatment. Due to random treatment location, the free drainage treatment was installed along a ditch with a shallower impermeable layer compared to the impermeable layer on the controlled drainage treatments (2 m versus 3- to 4-m deep). This resulted in a perched or higher water table on the free drainage treatment. Over 17 storm events, the riparian buffer (free drainage) treatment had an average groundwater table depth of 0.92 m compared to 0.96 and 1.45 m for the combination (riparian buffer and controlled drainage) and controlled drainage treatments, respectively. Nitrate concentration decrease between the field wells and ditch edge wells averaged 29% (buffer only), 63% (buffer and controlled drainage), and 73% (controlled drainage only). Although apparently more nitrate was removed from the groundwater on the controlled drainage treatments, the controlled drainage treatment water table near the ditch was not raised closer to the ground surface compared to the free drainage treatment. Nitrate removal effectiveness was attributed to local soil and landscape properties, such as denitrification in deeper reduced zones of the soil profile.     

车轮公司生产废水零排放技术研究

分析了马钢车轮轮箍分公司三个主要循环水处理系统存在的主要问题。重点分析车轮淬火需水量的变化规律,提出含油废水循环处理系统的水量不平衡和不稳定是当前影响水质处理能力发挥的主要原因,改进工艺流程,增加必要的运行设备能力,可使系统稳定处理400 m3/h含油废水,并减少外排水,年节约新水250万m3。     

Topical contrast-enhanced CT and MR dacryocystography: imaging the lacrimal drainage apparatus of healthy volunteers

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of administering topical contrast material during helical CT dacryocystography and topical saline solution during MR dacryocystography to reveal the lacrimal drainage apparatus. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fourteen healthy volunteers underwent helical CT dacryocystography, MR dacryocystography, or both. Eight of the 14 subjects underwent both techniques; three subjects underwent MR dacryocystography, and three subjects underwent CT dacryocystography. Images were evaluated by two radiologists for degree of visualization of components of the lacrimal drainage apparatus. Each volunteer was questioned about the relative discomfort of contrast material and saline solution administration. RESULTS: The lacrimal drainage system was seen on both CT dacryocystography and MR dacryocystography. CT dacryocystography allowed two-dimensional and three-dimensional reconstructions on which adjacent bone anatomy could be seen. The MR dacryocystography two-dimensional reconstructions and maximum intensity projections also showed the drainage apparatus. However, smaller drainage structures were more consistently seen on CT dacryocystography than on MR dacryocystography. Saline solution was more comfortable than contrast material. CONCLUSION: CT dacryocystography and MR dacryocystography reproducibly and non-invasively revealed the lacrimal drainage apparatus and allowed a better physiologic examination than cannulation dacryocystography. MR dacryocystography can be performed without administration of ionizing radiation or contrast material, but this technique cannot show adjacent bone anatomy and less consistently showed the smaller drainage structures than CT dacryocystography.     

气驱排渗技术及其在膏体尾矿筑坝工程的应用

果郎沟尾矿库为甲玛铜多金属矿二期工程配套尾矿库,采用初期坝+膏体上游法堆坝形式,实际运行过程中存在尾砂渗透系数低、不固结,且坝体浸润线埋深仅10 m左右等问题。华泰龙矿业公司采用气驱排渗技术,在坝体均匀布设特殊结构的竖直和水平排渗管,采用高压气驱和重力自流的联合排渗方式,大大提高了坝体排渗效率,浸润线埋深快速降低至20 m左右,提高了坝体稳定性。气驱排渗技术有效解决了果郎沟尾矿库子坝排渗固结程度低的难题,同时为膏体尾矿筑坝方式及排渗技术提供了参考依据。     

Design and Management of Subsurface Horizontal Drainage to Reduce Salt Loads

Many irrigated areas have shallow water tables creating waterlogging and salinization problems. This has often been controlled by installation of subsurface horizontal pipe drainage; however, these systems export large amounts of salt off farm in the drainage effluent. Improved design and management of subsurface drainage systems to reduce drainage salt loads were tested in a replicated field experiment. Deep, widely spaced drains allowed to flow without control were compared to drains with management to reduce drain flow. These were also compared with shallow, closely spaced drains that protected the root zone only and an undrained control. The deep drains flowed continuously during the two irrigation seasons with an electrical conductivity of around 11 dS∕m resulting in a drainage salt load of 5,867 kg∕ha. The management measures reduced drainage volume and salinity resulting in a 50% reduction in salt load. The shallow drains only flowed directly after an irrigation or rainfall event with low salinity, around 2 dS∕m, resulting in a 95% reduction in salt load. This showed that by management there is great potential for reducing salt mobilization in existing drainage systems, and for new systems shallower drains will minimize salt loads.