华北石炭二叠纪聚煤区西部含铵伊利石-粘土岩夹矸的研究

含铵伊利石粘土岩夹矸较广泛分布于华北石炭二叠纪聚煤区西部太原组、山西组煤层中，可划分为6种岩石类型。X-射线衍射分析结果表明铵伊利石均为1M多型。铵伊利石多由高岭石、少量由沉积伊利石转化形成，也可见沿节理裂隙呈细脉状产出的自生铵伊利石。NH4^＋离子主要来源于成煤植物及有机质中蛋白质的降解作用，也可能来源于与岩浆活动有关的热水溶液。研究表明，在煤层封闭的粘土岩夹矸中，高岭石、沉积伊利石向铵伊利石转化是成岩转化的基本模式。     

阳泉三矿3#和12#煤层粘土岩夹矸物质组成的再研究

本文详细论述了阳泉矿区三矿３＃，１２＃煤层粘土岩夹矸的矿物组成、组合及岩性在垂直剖面上的变化。根据其中含有丰富的副象β－石英、钠长石、磁性微球粒，ＴｉＯ２／Ａｌ２Ｏ３比值小于０．０２和特有的粒序层理等特征，表明原始物质来源于降落的酸性钠质火山灰。在蚀变过程中析出的部分Ｎａ＋离子，促使高岭石向钠云母转化，形成了高岭石加钠云母的特殊组合。由于成煤植物和有机质的降解作用可形成ＮＨ＋４离子，也能占位于钠云母的层间，因此钠云母中含有ＮＨ＋４离子     

晋中柳湾煤矿11煤层粘土岩夹矸的成分特征与价值

本文采用透射电子显微镜观察、x射线粉晶行射分析、差热分析和其他常规方法,结合化学分析等手段进行综合研究,发现晋中柳湾煤矿的主采煤层之一——11煤层的4层夹矸均为质量很好的硬质粘土岩,可供煤矿开采利用,是有价值的粘土矿资源。     

基于液氮吸附实验的煤层夹矸孔隙结构特征研究

煤层夹矸存在孔隙,具有吸附气体的能力。为研究沁水盆地新景矿煤层夹矸孔隙特征,选择8#煤层夹矸和15#煤层夹矸进行液氮静态吸附法实验研究。根据实验结果对新景煤矿8#煤层夹矸和15#煤层夹矸孔隙结构特征中的比表面积、孔径、孔径占比进行分析。结果表明:新景8#煤层夹矸主要以微孔和小孔为主,微孔和小孔占总孔比的92%以上,新景15#煤层夹矸主要由微孔、小孔和中孔为主,微孔、小孔占67%,中孔占到32%左右。微孔、小孔孔径大小与比表面积和吸附量有较强的相关性。     

新庄井田高岭石粘土岩中菱铁矿的研究

在永城矿区新庄井田二叠系下石盒子组内含有菱铁矿,呈分散状、结核状分布在高岭石粘土岩中,通过系统测试分析,研究了菱铁矿在高岭石粘土岩层中的含量和特征,对于高岭石粘土岩和菱铁矿的开发利用具有重要意义.     

新庄井田高岭石粘土岩中菱铁矿的研究

在永城矿区新庄井田二叠系下石盒子组内含有菱铁矿, 呈分散状、结核状分布在高岭石粘土岩中, 通过系统测试分析, 研究了菱铁矿在高岭石粘土岩层中的含量和特征, 对于高岭石粘土岩和菱铁矿的开发利用具有重要意义     

关于茶棚石炭系本溪组红色粘土岩的研究

红色粘土岩产于焦作地区茶棚附近的石炭系本溪组内,厚度7～8m,分布面积大约1km~2。从下向上红色粘土岩的颜色由浅紫红色到浅黄褐色。下部浅紫红色者、页理发育、呈薄片状;上部浅黄褐色者页理不发育,贝壳状断口:粘土结构,主要由粘土矿物组成。红色粘土岩经镜下鉴定、差热分析,X—射线衍射分析,扫描电镜分析,它的主要矿物成份为叶腊石、高岭石、伊利石,还有少量的一水硬铝石、绿泥石、褐铁矿等,而且褐铁矿在红色粘土岩中分布比较均匀。该红色粘土岩灼烧后呈暗紫红色、无裂隙,是制作彩色陶瓷的好材料。     

夹矸煤层采用空气柱间隔装药结构开采的试验研究

运用爆炸力学理论和弹性波波导理论,分析研究了空气柱间隔装药的爆破机理及空气柱在爆破中的作用效果,并以良庄矿为主要试验基地,结合该矿煤层中夹有不规则煤矸石的地质特点以及现场出现的爆破效率不高等技术问题,从提高循环进尺、减少抛掷量和降低炸药单耗等方面考虑分析,运用研究成果指导现场的爆破作业,对其工作面的爆破参数进行了科学的分析研究.通过调整药包轴向方向、炮孔间距和装药结构等爆破参数,最终取得了良好的爆破效果,到达了增产提效,实现了薄煤层高产的目的.     

Evolution of kaolinite subgroup minerals and mixed-layer illite/smectite in the Paleogene Damintun Depression in Liaohe Basin of China and its implication for paleotemperature

The oil-rich Damintun Depression is located in the Liaohe Basin, Northeast China, and was formed during the Paleogene. The major oil-producing strata in the depression are mudstone and shale. To explore the burial diagenetic history of the basin and the formation thresholds of hydrocarbons, the characters of the kaolinite subgroup minerals and mixed-layer illite/smectite in the mudstone and the shale are studied by using X-ray diffraction, electron probe, scanning electron microscope, and Fourier infrared s...     

中国北方第四纪磁性地层记录的 古地磁极倒转与气候变化耦合关系

应用古地磁学原理,分析了中国北方第四纪黄土、泥河湾盆地、黄海陆架磁性地层记录的古地 磁极倒转与气候变化之间的关系。研究表明第四纪古地磁极倒转与气候变化有一定的耦合关系: Matuyama/Gauss极性界限、Brunhes/Matuyama极性界限与第四纪气候变冷期相对应,Matuyama负极 性时中的正极性亚时及Brunhes正极性时中的负极性亚时与气候变暖期相一致。因而,第四纪古地磁 极倒转可能是第四纪气候冷暖波动变化的主要驱动因素之一。     

Land use pattern evolution and optimization in the Farming-Pastoral Zone of Northern China

Using information about the land cover of the Farming-Pastoral Zone of Northern China retrieved from multi-temporal NOAA/AVHRR and SPOT VEGETAN images obtained in 1989, 1994 and 1999, the authors analyzed land-use pattern evolution over this 10-year period and built a land-use pattern simulation model, based on which land-use pattern evolution and optimization modeling in this region were studied. Results showed that the proposed model can effectively simulate regional land-use patterns and help improve regional ecological environments.     

Thermal Evolution of Organic Matter and Secondary Hydrocarbon Generation from Upper Paleozoic Coal Deposits in Northern China

The metamorphism and hydrocarbon generation from the Upper Paleozoic coal-bearing strata in Northern China have been widely studied by Chinese geologists since the 1990s. Based on a large amount of data of Ro values,combined with geological background,we have systematically analyzed the thermal evolutionary characteristics of or-ganic matter and the stages of hydrocarbon generation from the Permo-Carboniferous coal deposits and discussed the condition of secondary hydrocarbon generation. The distribution range of secondary hydrocarbon generation in North-ern China is thus determined. It is shown that the coal ranks of the Upper Paleozoic coal deposits are higher in the southern and western belts than those in the northern and eastern belts. Really significant secondary hydrocarbon gen-eration is mainly related to the thermal evolution of organic matter during the Himalayan Period. Profitable areas for secondary hydrocarbon generation should be buried at 3000-4000 m up to the present. Maturity of the Permo-Carbon-iferous source rocks is not very high. It is suggested that the Bohai Bay depression is favourable for secondary hydro-carbon generation and has good oil and gas prospects.     

华北地区煤层含气性影响因素探讨

煤层含气性是评价煤层气勘探开发前景的决定性因素之一,影响煤层含气性的因素很多,其中较为重要的因素有煤层上覆有效地层厚度、煤的变质程度、断裂构造、盖层条件及煤层厚度等.对此进行了分析探讨,认为:影响煤层含气性的主要地质因素为煤层上覆有效地层厚度和煤的变质程度,次要因素为断裂构造、盖层条件及煤层厚度.     

Cu2+掺杂TiO2/伊利石复合材料对亚甲基蓝去除能力的研究

为解决TiO₂晶体中载流子寿命低,且晶体颗粒在溶液中易于团聚、流失而降低光催化效率的问题,采用溶胶 - 凝胶法设计制备了一种以四异丙氧基钛(TTIP)为钛源、三水硝酸铜为铜源、精制伊利石为载体的Cu²⁺掺杂TiO₂/伊利石复合材料,并利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品进行了表征.在模拟自然光下考察了复合材料对亚甲基蓝(MB)的去除能力,并对其稳定性进行了检测.结果显示:伊利石可抑制TiO₂晶粒的     

三江盆地早白垩世层序古地理与聚煤作用研究

为了揭示层序地层格架下及古地理环境控制下的聚煤特征,以三江盆地早白垩世含煤岩系为例进行了层序古地理和聚煤作用研究.识别出冲积扇、辫状河、曲流河、三角洲、湖泊等5种沉积相,划分了4个三级层序,揭示了研究区层序古地理演化规律,提出了层序格架下的煤炭聚集规律及陆相湖盆古地理环境控制下的聚煤模式.结果表明:从层序Ⅰ(城子河组下部)到层序Ⅳ(穆棱组上部),各层序优势古地理单元变化不大,以三角洲平原为主,整体上是一个水体逐渐侵入,湖盆面积逐渐扩大,物源相对后退的退积过程.聚煤作用有从弱(层序Ⅰ)—强(层序Ⅱ城子河组上部)—弱(层序Ⅲ穆棱组下部)的变化规律,尤以层序Ⅱ聚煤作用最好,且主要发育在湖侵体系域;此外,从聚煤模式来看,聚煤作用从湖盆边缘到湖盆中心亦有弱(河流-上三角洲平原)—强(上三角洲平原和下三角洲平原过渡带)—弱(湖泊)的分布规律.     

中国煤炭资源洁净潜势评价指标探讨

进行煤炭资源洁净潜势的评价研究,是从源头上控制煤源污染、从而达到合理开采和洁净利用煤炭资源目标的重要工作和必由途径。煤中有害物质种类、有害物质毒性、有害物质迁移能力以及我国现行的环境保护标准等指标,是建立我国煤炭资源洁净潜势评价体系时应当考虑的主要内容。     

Sequence paleogeography and coal accumulation in epicontinental basin

Based on an investigation of the Benxi–Shanxi formations in the southwestern Shandong province, we studied the forming mechanisms of key stratigraphic boundaries in an epicontinental basin and the coal-accumulating characteristics in the paleogeographic background of isochronous stratigraphic frameworks. In total, we sequenced three types of stratigraphic boundaries (i.e., regional unconformities, the shifting surface of transgressions caused by basin basement subsidence, and fluvial erosional surfaces including exposed surfaces as well as correlative conformities, which are caused by forced regression) and proposed a model for coal-accumulation. The results show that in the high accommodation space of the barrier coast system in the lower Benxi–Taiyuan formations, the base level was higher than sedimentary boundaries, parasequences were bounded by a marine flooding surface and formed during the semi-cycle of base level falling that was influenced by high-frequency fluctuations of base level, and coal seams were thin with multistoried patterns. In this region, the coal accumulating center was located in the transitional zone of the barrier island and tidal-flat. In the low accommodation space of the fluvial delta in the upper Shanxi formation, the base level coincided with sedimentary boundaries, parasequences formed during the semi-cycle of base level rising were bounded by erosional surfaces and a marine flooding surface, and the coal accumulating center was located in the lower deltaic plain and interdistributary lacustrine environment. In this region, the surplus accommodation space was relatively high.     

重庆磨心坡龙潭组沉积环境与聚煤规律研究

通过野外地质调查及钻探取芯的方法,详细地观察磨心坡勘查区上二叠统龙潭组的岩性、生物化石及沉积构造特征,并应用沉积环境分析与聚煤规律的理论,研究该区的沉积环境和聚煤规律.本区龙潭组成煤沼泽直接发育在潮坪上,煤层厚度不大,但层位稳定,且分布广,易于对比,可采煤层多为高灰、中高-高硫煤.研究表明,该区共经历了10次海侵和11次海退沉积,泻湖-潮坪-台地环境交替出现,主要系海陆交互相含煤构造,属局限海碳酸盐岩台地泥炭坪聚煤环境.研究成果可为磨心坡煤矿开展接替资源勘查提供理论依据和找矿方向.