循环流化床锅炉的热流密度分布

循环流化床燃烧技术的发展方向是超临界。超临界循环流化床锅炉的主要技术关键是炉膛受热面的横向热流分布。在管内工质温度不同的3台实际运行的循环流化床锅炉上，在水冷壁不同高度上测量了膜式壁特征金属壁温，将有限元用于水冷壁的换热分析，得到了循环流化床水冷壁的换热系数分布。该结果为超临界锅炉的设计提供了基础。     

600MW超临界循环流化床锅炉水冷壁热应力分析

为研究超临界循环流化床锅炉水冷壁的变形问题,在实炉测量某600 MW超临界循环流化床锅炉炉膛水冷壁壁温分布的基础上,采用数值模拟方法对距离布风板30m高度处4.6m×2m区域的水冷壁管进行了热应力分析。结果表明:80%负荷工况下,距离布风板30m高度处区域的水冷壁管沿炉膛高度方向的温度变化率较大,热应力分布极不均匀;计算区域的水冷壁管整体向下膨胀,由于存在膨胀偏差,水冷壁向火侧向炉内凸起变形,最大变形量约1.14mm;对于整个水冷壁管屏而言,存在的变形量叠加会加剧水冷壁磨损,甚至造成爆管事故。     

600MWe超临界循环流化床锅炉的设计研究

超临界循环流化床锅炉将循环流化床（CFB）燃烧技术与超临界蒸汽压力循环的优点相结合，是一项发展前景十分广阔的洁净煤燃烧技术。该文讨论了超临界大型循环流化床锅炉设计中的诸如炉膛结构。换热面布置等一些重要问题。在此基础上给出了1台600MWe循环流化床锅炉的初步设计方案，最后，通过热力计算，预测了锅炉运行的主要参数并讨论了负荷变化对锅炉各项参数的影响。     

循环流化床锅炉改烧无烟煤的风量优化控制

原设计煤种为烟煤的两台循环流化床锅炉改烧无烟煤后,炉膛水冷壁管磨损部位出现变化,根据两台循环流化床锅炉炉膛水冷壁管磨损部位的差异,通过对两台循环流化床锅炉实际运行参数的比较,找出了上部一次风量大小对水冷壁管磨损的影响,并提出一个适合锅炉经济运行又能把磨损降至最低的风量,从而保证锅炉在经济负荷区安全运行,有效提高能源利用率。     

循环流化床锅炉炉膛磨损的原因分析及对策

循环流化床锅炉炉膛水冷壁管的磨损一直是导致泄露、爆管等运行事故的主要原因之一。本文从最基本的磨损机理出发,详细分析了造成循环流化床炉膛不同部位水冷壁管磨损的原因,并提出了相应的预防措施及改造建议以供参考。     

大容量锅炉炉膛对流换热与水冷壁壁温计算

以某台1 000MW超超临界塔式锅炉作为研究对象,采用区域法建立了二维小区换热模型,简化了炉内辐射换热与对流换热,对不同锅炉负荷下对流换热量占炉膛高度方向各分区换热量、炉膛总换热量的比例以及沿炉膛宽度方向水冷壁壁温的分布进行了研究,并与实测数据进行了比较.结果表明:水冷壁壁温计算值与试验值的最大偏差率为5.26%,均呈现中间高、两端低的分布趋势;对流换热量最多可使壁温计算值提高16.7K,计算精度提高3.30%;计算所得的水冷壁壁温最高值为523.5℃,未超出材料的允许温度,且有4.8%的安全裕度.     

利用Monte Carlo方法对循环流化床锅炉炉膛传热的数值计算

作者对循环流化床锅炉炉膛传热进行数值研究,所建模型考虑轴向和径向颗粒浓度分布的影响。模型计算揭示烟气温度和热流密度在炉膛内的分布变化,计算结果表明在循环流化床锅炉炉膛传热计算中,颗粒相对流换热不能忽略。     

600 MW超临界“W”型火焰锅炉优化内螺纹管壁温及热负荷分布试验研究

在超临界"W"火焰锅炉水冷壁上设计安装了监测管内外壁温及管内工质温度的测量装置,得到了优化内螺纹垂直水冷壁管壁温、管内工质温度及典型负荷下炉膛截面热负荷分布等实炉运行数据。试验及研究结果表明:在机组由亚临界到超临界的转换过程中,管水冷壁管内外壁温与管内工质温度呈现剧烈变化状态,在超临界负荷下,内壁与工质的换热明显减弱,水冷壁的安全性受到威胁;管内外壁温差及内壁与工质温差沿炉膛宽度和深度方向均呈现中间高两侧低的分布,水冷壁向火侧管外壁温度大大低于设计值,水冷壁有较大的安全裕量,实际炉膛截面热负荷分布介于两种设计热负荷值之间。     

超临界压力锅炉螺旋水冷壁管传热特性的试验研究

超临界压力直流锅炉炉膛水冷壁倾斜管内壁对工质的对流换热系数及对水冷壁管的安全运行尤为重要,为此对某1 000 MW超临界压力塔式直流锅炉螺旋水冷壁进行了实炉试验测量,计算出螺旋管圈水冷壁管内壁与工质间的对流换热系数,并以此为据,拟合出计算超临界压力下螺旋水冷壁管对流换热系数的计算公式,并对该炉型水冷壁管超温现象进行了分析,为水冷壁的安全运行提供了参考依据。     

1000MW塔式直流锅炉炉膛水冷壁管壁温度和热负荷分布的试验研究

对2台1 000MW超超临界压力塔式直流锅炉炉膛水冷壁管壁温度和热负荷分布进行了测量和计算,并对不同负荷工况、不同磨煤机投运方式下的热负荷和管壁温度分布规律以及炉膛上部垂直水冷壁的热负荷分布进行了分析.结果表明:1 000MW塔式直流锅炉炉膛热负荷的分布规律与其他四角切圆燃烧锅炉炉膛热负荷的分布规律基本一致.由于在最上层的燃烧器上方布置了燃尽风,对炉内烟气的扰动加强,导致沿管长方向的热负荷在54m标高处波动较大;在燃尽风喷嘴中心线以上,因受到燃尽风进入炉膛的影响,水冷壁热负荷大幅度下降.为了避免炉膛大比热区传热恶化,可以将处于拟临界点附近的水冷壁布置在低热负荷区域.     

Heat flux distribution on circulating fluidized bed boiler water wall

The future of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustion technology is in raising the steam parameters to supercritical levels. Understanding the heat flux distribution on the water wall is one of the most important issues in the design and operation of supercritical pressure CFB boilers. In the present paper, the finite element analysis (FEA) method is adopted to predict the heat transfer coefficient as well as the heat flux of the membrane wall and the results are validated by direct measurement of the temperature around the tube. Studies on the horizontal heat flux distribution were conducted in three CFB boilers with different furnace size, tube dimension and water temperature. The results are useful in supercritical pressure CFB boiler design.     

Heat flux distribution on circulating fluidized bed boiler water wall

The future of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustion technology is in raising the steam parameters to supercritical levels. Understanding the heat flux distribution on the water wall is one of the most important issues in the design and operation of supercritical pressure CFB boilers. In the present paper, the finite element analysis (FEA) method is adopted to predict the heat transfer coefficient as well as the heat flux of the membrane wall and the results are validated by direct measurement of the temperature around the tube. Studies on the horizontal heat flux distribution were conducted in three CFB boilers with different furnace size, tube dimension and water temperature. The results are useful in supercritical pressure CFB boiler design. __________ Translated from Journal of Power Engineering, 2007, 27(3): 336–340 [译自: 动力工程]     

600 MW超临界循环流化床锅炉

超临界循环流化床(CFB)燃烧技术作为新一代CFB技术,综合了超临界蒸汽循环高效率和循环流化床低成本实现低污染排放两方面的优势,具有广阔的发展前景.介绍了国内外超临界CFB锅炉研究工作的最新进展和自行设计的600 MW超临界CFB锅炉设计.     

循环流化床锅炉水冷壁的传热系数

对循环流化床锅炉内水冷壁的传热机理进行了分析,验证了循环流化床炉内受热面的传热计算经验公式,可供设计、调试和运行时参考。     

粒度对循环流化床锅炉燃烧影响的试验研究

循环流化床燃烧技术具有高效,低污染,燃料适应性广的优点,燃用福建无烟煤的循环流化床锅炉在福建沿海地区得到了广泛开展,取得了许多的成果,但是普遍存在的问题是飞灰含炭量太高,热效率不高。在一台75 t.h-1的循环流化床锅炉上对三种不同粒度的福建无烟煤进行了燃烧试验,测量了炉膛各段的温度水平,获得了粒度对底渣、飞灰的粒径分布及其含炭量和热效率等的影响特性,并针对燃用福建无烟煤的循环流化床锅炉的优化燃烧提出了一些建议,对锅炉的运行具有一定的指导意义。     

600MW超临界循环流化床锅炉技术特点

超临界循环流化床（CFB）锅炉兼备了CFB燃烧技术和超临界压力蒸汽循环技术的优点,是一种具有广阔发展前景的洁净煤发电技术,讨论了超临界CFB锅炉设计中的关键问题,诸如水冷壁的选型以及锅炉结构的实现等,在此基础上给出了600MWCFB锅炉的方案,并通过热力计算对运行结果进行预测。     

410t/h富氧燃烧循环流化床锅炉设计

根据循环流化床(简称CFB)锅炉的设计原则并结合富氧燃烧技术特点,设计了一台410 t/h富氧燃烧CFB锅炉。研究表明锅炉整体结构设计需要根据各部分吸热份额进行调整,总结的设计思路对于其它容量的富氧燃烧CFB锅炉设计具有一定的参考意义。     

关于循环流化床燃烧技术在清洁生产中的前景探讨

本文介绍了循环流化床(CFB)燃烧技术、CFB锅炉的特点及中小容量CFB锅炉的作用,讨论了CFB燃烧技术在清洁生产中的发展前景.     

Development of a supercritical and an ultra-supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler

The supercritical circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler, which combines the advantages of CFB combustion with low cost emission control and supercritical steam cycle with high efficiency of coal energy, is believed to be the future of CFB combustion technology. It is also of greatest importance for low rank coal utilization in China. Different from the supercritical pulverized coal boiler that has been developed more than 50 years, the supercritical CFB boiler is still a new one which requires further investigation. Without any precedentor engineering reference, Chinese researchers have conducted fundamental research, development, design of the supercritical CFB boilers independently. The design theory and key technology for supercritical CFB boiler were proposed. Key components and novel structures were invented. The first 600 MWe supercritical CFB boiler and its auxiliaries were successfully developed and demonstrated in Baima Power Plant, Shenhua Group as well as the simulator, control technology, installation technology, commissioning technology, system integration and operation technology. Compared with the 460 MWe supercritical CFB in Poland, developed in the same period and the only other supercritical one of commercial running in the word beside Baima, the 600 MWe one in Baima has a better performance. Besides, supercritical CFB boilers of 350 MWe have been developed and widely commercialized in China. In this paper, the updated progress of 660 MWe ultra-supercritical CFB boilers under development is introduced.