大豆多肽豆酸奶的的研制

研究使用不同直投式发酵剂以及添加大豆多肽作为促进剂对豆酸奶产品感官品质和酸度的影响,初步探讨大豆多肽在豆酸奶中的应用.实验结果表明,在200mL的豆酸奶中选择Hansen YF-L811作为发酵剂,其添加量为0.02 g,蔗糖添加量为5～7 g,大豆多肽为1 g时,可获得感官品质较好的大豆多肽酸奶产品.制品中酸度的变化与大豆多肽添加量存在密切联系.添加大豆多肽作为促进剂,在豆酸奶的应用中具有一定的可行性.     

复合发酵助剂对燕麦大豆酸奶品质的影响

选用大豆作为主要原料,采用单因素试验和正交试验设计优化燕麦大豆酸奶配方,通过对其pH、酸度、可溶性固形物、持水 力及感官品质的评定,研究燕麦、发酵剂、稳定剂、低聚木糖添加量对大豆酸奶pH、可溶性固形物和感官等品质的影响。 结果表明,燕 麦添加量对结果影响最大,其次为发酵剂,且两水平间存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。 最佳燕麦大豆酸奶配方为燕麦添加量6 g/mL,发酵 剂添加量0.6 g/mL,稳定剂添加量1.8 g/mL,低聚木糖添加量4.2 g/mL。 在此条件下制成的燕麦大豆酸奶品质最佳,感官评分为90分。     

红豆酸奶配方工艺优化研究

以红豆、全脂乳粉、蔗糖为原料,加工处理发酵成红豆酸奶,研究红豆浆料水比、红豆浆添加量及蔗糖添加量对红豆酸奶品质的影响,通过单因素试验和响应面分析确定出红豆酸奶的最佳工艺配方为:红豆浆料水比1∶4(g/mL),红豆浆添加量44%,蔗糖添加量7%,用此配方加工出的红豆酸奶感官评分为92.11分。     

低度艾草酒研制

以全脂乳粉、脱脂乳粉、咖啡为主要原料,添加蔗糖,以安琪酵母8型菌为发酵剂,酸奶感官品质评分和酸奶黏度的综合评分为考察指标,采用正交试验方法对凝固型咖啡酸奶配方进行优化,得到最佳的发酵咖啡酸奶的工艺与配方。结果表明,在发酵温度为42 ℃条件下发酵6 h,脂肪含量3.4%,咖啡添加量1.0%,蔗糖添加量6%,8菌型发酵剂添加量0.1%,发酵后在4 ℃条件下冷藏24 h,获得的发酵酸奶的感官品质评分为89分,黏度为5 640 mPa·s,产品组织状态均匀,口感细腻,略带有咖啡香味,感官评价最佳。最佳发酵条件下的酸度为88 °T,pH值为4.24,乳酸菌活菌数为1.25×108 CFU/mL,符合GB 19302—2010对酸奶品质的规定。     

凝固型咖啡酸奶的研制

以全脂乳粉、脱脂乳粉、咖啡为主要原料,添加蔗糖,以安琪酵母8型菌为发酵剂,酸奶感官品质评分和酸奶黏度的综合评分为考察指标,采用正交试验方法对凝固型咖啡酸奶配方进行优化,得到最佳的发酵咖啡酸奶的工艺与配方。结果表明,在发酵温度为42 ℃条件下发酵6 h,脂肪含量3.4%,咖啡添加量1.0%,蔗糖添加量6%,8菌型发酵剂添加量0.1%,发酵后在4 ℃条件下冷藏24 h,获得的发酵酸奶的感官品质评分为89分,黏度为5 640 mPa·s,产品组织状态均匀,口感细腻,略带有咖啡香味,感官评价最佳。最佳发酵条件下的酸度为88 °T,pH值为4.24,乳酸菌活菌数为1.25×108 CFU/mL,符合GB 19302—2010对酸奶品质的规定。     

响应面优化大麦酸奶工艺及其品质分析研究

将大麦粉经炒制熟化后添加至酸奶中,研究大麦粉的添加对酸奶品质的影响,并在单因素试验基础上,采用响应面法对大麦酸奶的发酵工艺进行优化,与市售酸奶进行品质对比分析。结果表明,大麦粉添加量、蔗糖添加量和发酵时间是影响酸奶感官品质的显著因素,菌种接入量的影响不显著;经响应面法优化后的大麦酸奶最佳生产工艺参数为:大麦粉添加量为20 g/L,蔗糖添加量为80 g/L,菌种接入量为3%,发酵时间为10 h;品质分析结果表明,与市售酸奶相比,大麦酸奶的营养价值更高,货架期更长。     

胡萝卜汁双歧杆菌酸乳发酵培养基优化研究

本文以从健康人体中选育出2株发酵活力高、耐氧性和抗逆性强的优良发酵菌株两歧双歧杆菌Bbm和长双歧杆菌Blm作为试验菌株,研究了胡萝卜汁和蔗糖在牛乳中的添加量对双歧杆菌在牛乳中发酵的凝乳时间、凝乳时活菌数及pH值、产品感官风味的影响,确定了发酵培养基中胡萝卜汁和蔗糖的最适添加量分别为20%～30%和5%～6%,完成了以胡萝卜汁乳作为双歧杆菌最佳载体的初步探索,为功能性益生菌乳制品的研制和开发提供了必要条件.     

响应面法优化石花菜酸奶发酵工艺研究

采用响应面法优化石花菜酸奶发酵工艺。采用中心组合试验设计,考察不同双歧杆菌接种量、石花菜添加量、蔗糖添加量、发酵时间对感官评价（R1）、活菌数（R2）两个指标的影响。结果表明,石花菜琼胶寡糖能增加酸奶的持水力,改变酸奶的组织状态。石花菜酸奶发酵的最佳工艺条件为蔗糖添加量11%、石花菜添加量20%,双歧杆菌接种量1.5%,发酵时间为6 h,感官评分为80分,活菌数为2.65×109 CFU/mL。     

莱鲍迪苷M及其复配甜味剂在无糖酸奶中的应用

应用不同比例的莱鲍迪苷M替代酸奶中的蔗糖,结果表明当替代蔗糖量60%时酸奶的感官得分最高。将莱鲍迪苷M、三氯蔗糖及罗汉果甜苷单独添加到酸奶中,结果表明,每100 mL牛奶中三者的较适添加量分别为24、9、40 mg。在单因素实验基础上,采用响应面分析法,优化莱鲍迪苷M、三氯蔗糖及罗汉果甜苷复配比例。经Design-Expert软件对结果分析,确定无糖酸奶生产的较优工艺参数为每100 mL牛奶中添加莱鲍迪苷M 7.91 mg、三氯蔗糖3.03 mg、罗汉果甜苷13.62mg。在此条件下,验证实验中无糖酸奶的感官评分是92.00,与理论值的相对偏差是0.53%,此时感官品质最佳,比酸奶中仅使用单一甜味剂在口感上更接近添加蔗糖的酸奶。     

响应面法优化蛹虫草酸奶发酵工艺

目的以蔗糖添加量、蛹虫草浓缩液添加量和稳定剂添加量为影响因子优化蛹虫草酸奶制备工艺。方法以酸奶的组织状态、乳清析出状况、口感及风味等为评价指标,采用单因素试验研究蔗糖添加量、蛹虫草浓缩液添加量及稳定剂添加量等对酸奶感官品质的影响,通过响应曲面法优化确定酸奶的最佳工艺参数。结果蛹虫草酸奶最佳制备工艺为蔗糖添加量8.11%、蛹虫草浓缩液添加量2.04%、稳定剂添加量0.69%,感官评分为94.79。结论蛹虫草酸奶具有较好的感官特性,丰富了现有的酸奶口味。     

富含纳豆激酶抹茶纳豆酸奶的发酵工艺研究

该研究以富含纳豆激酶（NK）的纳豆豆浆和复原乳为主要原料,研制富含NK的抹茶纳豆酸奶。分别探究纳豆豆浆、白砂糖、抹茶粉添加量、乳酸菌接种量对富含NK抹茶纳豆酸奶感官评分的影响,采用正交试验优化富含NK抹茶纳豆酸奶发酵工艺,并对富含NK抹茶纳豆酸奶的品质进行评价。结果表明,富含NK抹茶纳豆酸奶最适发酵工艺条件为：纳豆豆浆添加量6%,白砂糖添加量8%,抹茶粉添加量0.7%,乳酸菌接种量0.3%。在此优化条件下,酸奶的感官评分为88.6分,脂肪、蛋白质、非脂乳固体含量、酸度、NK活性及乳酸菌数分别为3.15 g/100 g、3.08 g/100 g、8.25 g/100 g、82 °T、688.6 U/mL、5.8×108 CFU/mL。其各品质指标均符合国标GB 19302—2010《发酵乳》要求,且具有一定的保健功能。     

紫米酸奶的工艺优化及贮藏品质分析研究

以熟紫米粉和鲜牛奶为主要原料,研制具有抗氧化性能的紫米酸奶。将紫米酸奶的酸度、持水力和感官评分作为评价指标,在单因素试验基础上,利用响应面分析法对紫米酸奶的工艺进行优化,并对紫米酸奶的贮藏品质进行了研究。结果表明,紫米酸奶的最佳工艺为紫米粉添加量22 g/L,白砂糖添加量7%,接种量0.06%。在此优化条件下,紫米酸奶的感官评分为91.1分。在贮藏期间,紫米酸奶的感官评分、持水力、pH、酸度、乳酸菌数及对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基的清除率明显优于对照组。紫米酸奶具有更长的货架期和较强的抗氧化能力。     

Effect of folic acid fortification on the characteristics of lemon yogurt

Development of dairy products with new flavors and health benefits helps the dairy industry increase sales of products as well as provide consumers with products they enjoy. Folic acid is used in the prevention of neural tube defects, heart defects, facial clefts, urinary tract abnormalities, and limb deficiencies. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different concentrations and stage of addition of folic acid on the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of lemon yogurt over a storage period. Lemon yogurts were manufactured with 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the RDA of 400 μg folic acid per 224 ml cup. Folic acid was added before and after pasteurization of yogurt mix. Moisture, ash, fat, and protein concentrations were measured at week 1 only. Folic acid concentration was measured at weeks 1 and 5. Viscosity, pH, TA, syneresis, color, and sensory analysis were measured at weeks 1, 3, and 5. Mean folic acid content values were higher when folic acid was added post-pasteurization. Average mean viscosity values were lower when folic acid added post-pasteurization. Greater syneresis was seen in samples where folic acid was added post-pasteurization. Less viscous yogurts had more free whey resulting in higher syneresis values. Level of folic acid impacted flavor scores. As level of folic acid increased, flavor scores decreased.     

凝固型黑豆酸豆奶生产工艺的研究

目的 确定以带皮黑豆为主要原料的凝固型乳酸菌发酵黑豆酸豆奶的生产工艺.方法 将带皮黑豆制备成培养液,通过对发酵产物进行感官评价,从干酪乳杆菌FJAT-7928、嗜热链球菌FJAT-7927和植物乳杆菌FJAT-7926的不同组合中筛选出最佳组合作为发酵剂,通过单因素和正交试验确定培养液中乳糖、番茄汁、奶粉和白砂糖的最佳...     

Acceptance of sugar reduction in flavored yogurt

To investigate what level of sugar reduction is accepted in flavored yogurt, we conducted a hedonic test focusing on the degree of liking of the products and on optimal sweetness and aroma levels. For both flavorings (strawberry and coffee), consumers preferred yogurt containing 10% added sugar. However, yogurt containing 7% added sugar was also acceptable. On the just-about-right scale, yogurt containing 10% sugar was more often described as too sweet compared with yogurt containing 7% sugar. On the other hand, the sweetness and aroma intensity for yogurt containing 5% sugar was judged as too low. A second test was conducted to determine the effect of flavoring concentration on the acceptance of yogurt containing 7% sugar. Yogurts containing the highest concentrations of flavoring (11% strawberry, 0.75% coffee) were less appreciated. Additionally, the largest percentage of consumers perceived these yogurts as “not sweet enough.” These results indicate that consumers would accept flavored yogurts with 7% added sugar instead of 10%, but 5% sugar would be too low. Additionally, an increase in flavor concentration is undesirable for yogurt containing 7% added sugar.     

转谷氨酰胺酶在凝固型麦冬酸奶中的应用研究

转谷氨酰胺酶可催化蛋白发生交联作用,从而改善酸奶的质构特性。在单因素试验的基础上,以感官评分为响应值,利用响应面法对凝固型麦冬酸奶工艺进行优化,构建数学回归模型。结果表明,麦冬酸奶制作工艺的最佳条件为：转谷氨酰胺酶添加量0.3 g/L,白砂糖添加量6%,麦冬提取液添加量9 mL/100 mL牛奶,发酵时间7 h,发酵温度42 ℃。在此条件下,麦冬酸奶的持水力为93%,胶体脱水收缩敏感性为40.3%,硬度为494.19 g,稠度为2 055.63 g·s,粘结性为-161.83 g,粘性指数为-585.13 g·s,感官评分平均值为89.7分,本研究为麦冬酸奶的开发与生产提供了一定的研究基础。     

QUALITY OF FLAVORED YOGURT CONTAINING ADDED COFFEE AND SUGAR

Yogurts flavored with instant coffee (0.5, 0.7 and 0.9%) and sweetened with sugar (4 or 5%) and a control yogurt (no coffee or sugar) were evaluated for chemical, physical, microbiological and sensory properties. The added ingredients generally had no effect on the chemical, physical and microbiological quality of yogurts at day 1 after preparation as compared to the control. During 15 days at 5–7C, pH and lactic acid bacteria counts decreased (P < 0.05) and titratable acidity increased (P < 0.05) in all samples. Yogurts with 0.5% coffee flavoring and 4 and 5% sugar met Turkish Institute Standards for yogurt sensory quality when evaluated by a trained 10‐member panel. Yogurt flavored with 0.5% coffee and containing 5% sugar had most attributes rated in the “like” category by 50% or more of 51 consumer panelists.     

牡丹花纯露营养酸奶的研制及品质分析

以牡丹花纯露添加量、发酵剂接种量、白砂糖添加量为单因素指标,牡丹花纯露酸奶的酸度、pH、持水力、质构特性及感官评分为考核指标,利用响应面分析法对牡丹花纯露酸奶发酵配方进行优化,并对产品的理化指标、微生物指标及抗氧化活性进行分析。结果表明,牡丹花纯露酸奶的最佳发酵配方为牡丹花纯露添加量4.0%,发酵剂接种量0.2%,白砂糖添加量7%,在此优化工艺条件下牡丹酸奶的感官评分为96分,与预测值（96.242分）相近;牡丹花纯露酸奶的硬度3.892 N,弹性0.9985 mm,胶黏性3.275 N,凝聚性0.851,粘度1.43 mJ,均优于未添加牡丹花纯露的酸奶;牡丹花纯露酸奶持水力为81.5%,pH4.23,蛋白质含量3.01 g/100 g,脂肪含量2.88 g/100 g,酸度78.85°T,乳酸菌数为1.5×108 CFU/mL,大肠杆菌未检出,检测结果均符合食品安全国家标准;牡丹花纯露酸奶（浓度为25 mg/mL时）对DPPH和羟自由基的清除率分别为63.2%、59.5%,抗氧化能力显著优于原味酸奶。牡丹花纯露酸奶具有更好的品质和较强的抗氧化活性。