Reaction between the diaqua form of cisplatin and 2-methylsulfanylphenylphosphonic acid yields a dinuclear phosphonato-bridged complex via NH3 elimination

Reaction between cis-[Pt(NH₃)₂(H₂O)₂]²⁺ and (2-methylsulfanyl)phenyl phosphonic acid (H₂mspp) did not yield the expected cis-diammine [(2-methylsulfanylphenyl)phosphonato]platinum(II) but the dimeric compound [{Pt(mspp)(NH₃)}₂]·6H₂O in which the dianionic mspp²⁻ ligand acts both as chelator and bridging ligand. Thus, the high trans-effect of the sulfanyl group apparently leads to elimination of one NH₃ ligand. An X-ray crystal structure analysis of the dimeric complex is reported.     

Highly Selective and Potent Human β-Secretase 2 (BACE2) Inhibitors against Type 2 Diabetes: Design,Synthesis, X-ray Structure and Structure–Activity Relationship Studies

Herein we present the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of potent and highly selective β-secretase 2 (memapsin 1, beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 2, or BACE 2) inhibitors. BACE2 has been recognized as an exciting new target for type 2 diabetes. The X-ray structure of BACE1 bound to inhibitor 2 a {N³-[(1S,2R)-1-benzyl-2-hydroxy-3-[[(1S,2S)-2-hydroxy-1-(isobutylcarbamoyl)propyl]amino]propyl]-5-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-N¹-[(1R)-1-phenylpropyl]benzene-1,3-dicarboxamide} containing a hydroxyethylamine isostere was determined. Based on this structure, a computational docking study was performed which led to inhibitor 2 a -bound BACE2 models. These were used to optimize the potency and selectivity of inhibitors. A systematic structure–activity relationship study led to the identification of determinants of the inhibitors’ potency and selectivity toward the BACE2 enzyme. Inhibitors 2 d [N³-[(1S,2R)-1-benzyl-2-hydroxy-3-[[(1S,2S)-2-hydroxy-1-(isobutylcarbamoyl)pentyl]amino]propyl]-N¹-methyl-N¹-[(1R)-1-phenylpropyl]benzene-1,3-dicarboxamide; K_i=0.031 nm , selectivity over BACE1: ≈174 000-fold] and 3 l [N¹-((2S,3R)-3-hydroxy-1-phenyl-4-((3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)amino)butan-2-yl)-N³,5-dimethyl-N³-((R)-1-phenylethyl)isophthalamide; K_i=1.6 nm , selectivity over BACE1: >500-fold] displayed outstanding potency and selectivity. Inhibitor 3 l is nonpeptide in nature and may pave the way to the development of a new class of potent and selective BACE2 inhibitors with clinical potential.     

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Five-Atom-Linker-Based Arylpiperazine Derivatives with an Atypical Antipsychotic Profile

Herein we describe a focused set of new arylpiperazine derivatives as potential broad-spectrum antipsychotics. The general structure contains a quinolinone-like moiety, an arylpiperazine moiety, and a five-atom linker. Among them, 7-(5-(4-(benzo[d]isothiazol-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pentyl)quinolin-2(1H)-one ( S6 ) shows a promising preclinical profile. Compound S6 , characterized by partial D₂R agonism, 5-HT_1AR agonism, 5-HT_2AR antagonism, and blockade of SERT activities, was found to decrease psychosis- and depressive-like symptoms in rodents. The polypharmacological profile of S6 could provide opportunities for the treatment of various other central nervous system disorders such as anxiety, depression, and psychoses associated with dementia. Furthermore, S6 demonstrated acceptable safety, toxicology, and pharmacokinetic profiles, and has been selected as a preclinical candidate for further evaluation in schizophrenia.     

Investigation of Vitamin D2 and Vitamin D3 Hydroxylation by Kutzneria albida

The active vitamin D metabolites 25-OH−D and 1α,25-(OH)₂−D play an essential role in controlling several cellular processes in the human body and are potentially effective in the treatment of several diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The microbial synthesis of vitamin D₂ (VD₂) and vitamin D₃ (VD₃) metabolites has emerged as a suitable alternative to established complex chemical syntheses. In this study, a novel strain, Kutzneria albida, with the ability to form 25-OH−D₂ and 25-OH−D₃ was identified. To further improve the conversion of the poorly soluble substrates, several solubilizers were tested. 100-fold higher product concentrations of 25-OH−D₃ and tenfold higher concentrations of 25-OH−D₂ after addition of 5 % (w/v) 2-hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (2-HPβCD) were reached. Besides the single-hydroxylation products, the human double-hydroxylation products 1,25-(OH)₂−D₂ and 1,25-(OH)₂−D₃ and various other potential single- and double-hydroxylation products were detected. Thus, K. albida represents a promising strain for the biotechnological production of VD₂ and VD₃ metabolites.     

[3H]UR‐DE257: Development of a Tritium‐Labeled Squaramide‐Type Selective Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonist

A series of new piperidinomethylphenoxypropylamine‐type histamine H₂ receptor (H₂R) antagonists with different substituted “urea equivalents” was synthesized and characterized in functional in vitro assays. Based on these data as selection criteria, radiosynthesis of N‐[6‐(3,4‐dioxo‐2‐{3‐[3‐(piperidin‐1‐ylmethyl)phenoxy]propylamino}cyclobut‐1‐enylamino)hexyl]‐(2,3‐³H₂)propionic amide ([³H]UR‐DE257) was performed. The radioligand (specific activity: 63 Ci mmol^?1) had high affinity for human, rat, and guinea pig H₂R (hH₂R, Sf9 cells: K_d, saturation binding: 31 nM , kinetic studies: 20 nM ). UR‐DE257 revealed high H₂R selectivity on membranes of Sf9 cells, expressing the respective hH_xR subtype (K_i values: hH₁R: >10 000 nM , hH₂R: 28 nM , hH₃R: 3800 nM , hH₄R: >10 000 nM ). In spite of insurmountable antagonism, probably due to rebinding of [³H]UR‐DE257 to the H₂R (extended residence time), the title compound proved to be a valuable pharmacological tool for the determination of H₂R affinities in competition binding assays.     

Structure‐Based Virtual Screening for Dopamine D2 Receptor Ligands as Potential Antipsychotics

Structure‐based virtual screening using a D₂ receptor homology model was performed to identify dopamine D₂ receptor ligands as potential antipsychotics. From screening a library of 6.5 million compounds, 21 were selected and were subjected to experimental validation. From these 21 compounds tested, ten D₂ ligands were identified (47.6 % success rate, among them D₂ receptor antagonists, as expected) that have additional affinity for other receptors tested, in particular 5‐HT_2A receptors. The affinity (K_i values) of the compounds ranged from 58 nm to about 24 μm . Similarity and fragment analysis indicated a significant degree of structural novelty among the identified compounds. We found one D₂ receptor antagonist that did not have a protonatable nitrogen atom, which is a key structural element of the classical D₂ pharmacophore model necessary for interaction with the conserved Asp(3.32) residue. This compound exhibited greater than 20‐fold binding selectivity for the D₂ receptor over the D₃ receptor. We provide additional evidence that the amide hydrogen atom of this compound forms a hydrogen bond with Asp(3.32), as determined by tests of its derivatives that cannot maintain this interaction.     

Cytotoxic 1,2,3-Triazoles as Potential Leads Targeting the S100A2-p53 Complex: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity

In silico screening predicted 1 (N-(4-((4-(3-(4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)propyl)piperazin-1-yl) sulfonyl)-phenyl)acetamide) as an inhibitor of the S100A2-p53 protein-protein interaction. S100A2 is a validated pancreatic cancer drug target. In the MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic cell line, 1 was a ∼50 μM growth inhibitor. Synthesis of five focused compound libraries and cytotoxicity screening revealed increased activity from the presence of electron withdrawing moieties on the sulfonamide aromatic ring, with the 3,5-bis-CF₃ Library 3 analogues the most active, with GI₅₀ values of 0.91 (3-ClPh; 13 i ; BxPC-3, Pancreas) to 9.0 μM (4-CH₃; 13 d ; PANC-1, Pancreas). Activity was retained against an expanded pancreatic cancer cell line panel (MiaPaCa-2, BxPC-3, AsPC-1, Capan-2, PANC-1 and HPAC) and the normal cell line MCF10A (breast). Bulky 4-disposed substituents on the terminal phenyl ring enhanced broad spectrum activity with growth inhibition values spanning 1.1 to 3.1 μM (4-C(CH₃)₃; 13 e ; BxPC-3 and AsPC-1 (pancreas), respectively). Central alkyl spacer contraction from propyl to ethyl proved detrimental to activity with Library 4 and 5.5- to 10-fold less cytotoxic than the propyl linked Library 2 and Library 3. The data herein was consistent with the predicted binding poses of the compounds evaluated. The highest levels of cytotoxicity were observed with those analogues best capable of adopting a near identical pose to the p53-peptide in the S100A2-p53 binding groove.     

Pramipexole Derivatives as Potent and Selective Dopamine D3 Receptor Agonists with Improved Human Microsomal Stability

Herein we report the synthesis and evaluation of a series of new pramipexole derivatives as highly potent and selective agonists of the dopamine‐3 (D₃) receptor. A number of these new compounds bind to the D₃ receptor with sub‐nanomolar affinity and show excellent selectivity (>10 000) for the D₃ receptor over the D₁ and D₂ receptors. For example, compound 23 (N‐(cis‐3‐(2‐(((S)‐2‐amino‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazol‐6‐yl)(propyl)amino)ethyl)‐3‐hydroxycyclobutyl)‐3‐(5‐methyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazol‐3‐yl)benzamide) binds to the D₃ receptor with a K_i value of 0.53 nM and shows a selectivity of >20 000 over the D₂ and D₁ receptors in the binding assays using a rat brain preparation. It has excellent stability in human liver microsomes. Moreover, in vitro functional assays showed it to be a full agonist for the human D₃ receptor.     

Chiral Aryloxyalkylamines: Selective 5‐HT1B/1D Activation and Analgesic Activity

A series of chiral 2,3‐dichlorophenoxy and 1‐naphthyloxy alkylamines were synthesized, and their binding affinities towards 5‐HT_1D and h5‐HT_1B receptors were evaluated. In the naphthyloxy series, the (R)‐prolinol derivative was the most selective 5‐HT_1D ligand, while (S)‐N‐methyl‐2‐(1‐naphthyloxy)propan‐1‐amine showed the highest selectivity for h5‐HT_1B. Both compounds performed as 5‐HT_1D agonists in the isolated guinea pig assay and showed higher analgesic activity than both sumatriptan and the achiral analogue 20 b in the mouse hot‐plate test. Neither ligand displayed any affinity for nicotinic ACh receptors present in mouse brain membranes, thus indicating that their analgesic activity does not arise through interaction with these receptors.     

Syntheses and Characterizations of Two One-Dimensional Coordination Polymers Assembled by Dicarboxylate and N-Donor Coligands

Two new coordination polymers [Mn(oba)(1,10-phen)] _n (1) and [Zn(oba)(Pbim)₂] _n (2) [H₂oba = 2-(3-carboxyphenoxy)benzoic acid, 1,10-phen = 1,10-phenanthro line and pbim = 2-(2-Pyridyl)benzimidazole] have been synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR and X-ray diffraction. Single-crystal X-ray analyses revealed that 2,3′-oba ligand act as a bridging ligand, exhibiting three coordination modes to link metal ion: bis-monodentate, bidentate chelating and monodentate modes. Compound 1 and 2 all demonstrate a 1D chain. There exist intermolecular hydrogen bonds which further connect the 1D structure into 2D supramolecular structure in compound 1 and 2. In addition, the luminescent property for compound 2 is also investigated in the solid state at room temperature.     

[Carboxyl‐11C]Labelling of Four High‐Affinity cPLA2α Inhibitors and Their Evaluation as Radioligands in Mice by Positron Emission Tomography

Cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) may play a critical role in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders associated with oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. An effective PET radioligand for imaging cPLA2α in living brain might prove useful for biomedical research, especially on neuroinflammation. We selected four high‐affinity (IC₅₀ 2.1–12 nm ) indole‐5‐carboxylic acid‐based inhibitors of cPLA2α, namely 3‐isobutyryl‐1‐(2‐oxo‐3‐(4‐phenoxyphenoxy)propyl)‐1H‐indole‐5‐carboxylic acid ( 1 ); 3‐acetyl‐1‐(2‐oxo‐3‐(4‐(4‐(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)phenoxy)propyl)‐1H‐indole‐5‐carboxylic acid ( 2 ); 3‐(3‐methyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazol‐5‐yl)‐1‐(2‐oxo‐3‐(4‐phenoxyphenoxy)propyl)‐1H‐indole‐5‐carboxylic acid ( 3 ); and 3‐(3‐methyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazol‐5‐yl)‐1‐(3‐(4‐octylphenoxy)‐2‐oxopropyl)‐1H‐indole‐5‐carboxylic acid ( 4 ), for labelling in carboxyl position with carbon‐11 (t_1/2=20.4 min) to provide candidate PET radioligands for imaging brain cPLA2α. Compounds [¹¹C] 1 – 4 were obtained for intravenous injection in adequate overall yields (1.1–5.5 %) from cyclotron‐produced [¹¹C]carbon dioxide and with moderate molar activities (70–141 GBq μmol^?1) through the use of Pd⁰‐mediated [¹¹C]carbon monoxide insertion on iodo precursors. Measured logD_7.4 values were within a narrow moderate range (1.9–2.4). After intravenous injection of [¹¹C] 1 – 4 in mice, radioactivity uptakes in brain peaked at low values (≤0.8 SUV) and decreased by about 90 % over 15 min. Pretreatments of the mice with high doses of the corresponding non‐radioactive ligands did not alter brain time–activity curves. Brain uptakes of radioactivity after administration of [¹¹C] 1 to wild‐type and P‐gp/BCRP dual knock‐out mice were similar (peak 0.4 vs. 0.5 SUV), indicating that [¹¹C] 1 and others in this structural class, are not substrates for efflux transporters.     

Synthesis, 3D‐QSAR,and Structural Modeling of Benzolactam Derivatives with Binding Affinity for the D2 and D3 Receptors

A series of 37 benzolactam derivatives were synthesized, and their respective affinities for the dopamine D₂ and D₃ receptors evaluated. The relationships between structures and binding affinities were investigated using both ligand‐based (3D‐QSAR) and receptor‐based methods. The results revealed the importance of diverse structural features in explaining the differences in the observed affinities, such as the location of the benzolactam carbonyl oxygen, or the overall length of the compounds. The optimal values for such ligand properties are slightly different for the D₂ and D₃ receptors, even though the binding sites present a very high degree of homology. We explain these differences by the presence of a hydrogen bond network in the D₂ receptor which is absent in the D₃ receptor and limits the dimensions of the binding pocket, causing residues in helix 7 to become less accessible. The implications of these results for the design of more potent and selective benzolactam derivatives are presented and discussed.     

The Use of an Unusual Rearrangement Sequence for the Syntheses of 3‐(1‐Aminoalkylidene)‐3H‐thiophen‐2‐ones and two Examples of their Surprising Electrophilic‐Induced Dimerization Reactions

The reaction of 2‐amino‐3‐carbomethoxythiophene ( 1a ) and 2‐amino‐3‐carboethoxy‐4,5‐dimethylthiophene ( 1b ) with methyl‐ or ethylmagnesium chloride leads to new 3‐(1‐aminoalkylidene)‐3H‐thiophen‐2‐ones 4a—d in good yields (60—87%). Treatment of the compounds 4a and 4c with catalytic amounts of p‐TsOH in boiling CHCl₃ afforded the (±)‐4,4′‐bis‐(1‐aminoalkylidene)‐3′,4′‐4H,2′H‐[2,3′]bithiophenyl‐5,5′‐diones 9a and 9b as new interesting heterocycles in preparatively useful yields (60/mdash;65%).     

Development of 2,3,5-triaryl-1H-pyrroles as estrogen receptor α selective ligands

1‐Alkyl‐2,3,5‐triaryl‐1H‐pyrroles (for which alkyl=methyl, ethyl, n‐propyl, or 2‐methylpropyl) were tested for stability, estrogen receptor (ER) binding, and inhibition of tumor cell growth. These pyrroles (type B) showed higher stability in aqueous solution than their 1,2,4‐triaryl‐1H‐pyrrole congeners (type A pyrroles), exclusive ERα binding (no ERβ interaction), and a hormonal profile of partial agonists at ERα. The most potent compound, 1‐(2‐methylpropyl)‐2,3,5‐tris(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐1H‐pyrrole ( 5 d ), was less active than the lead structure 1,3,5‐tris(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐4‐propyl‐1H‐pyrazole (PPT) in MCF‐7 cells stably transfected with the plasmid ERE_wtcluc (MCF‐7/2a), but more potent in U2‐OS/α cells. Furthermore, 5 d showed weak anti‐estrogenic properties (IC₅₀=310 nM ). An additional propyl chain at C4 decreased the stability and pharmacological effects.     

The dipeptide H-Aib-l-Ala-OH ligand in copper(II) chemistry: Variation of product identity as a function of pH

A systematic investigation of the influence of “pH” on the product identity from the Cu^II/H-Aib-l-Ala-OH (LH) reaction system is described, where H-Aib-l-Ala-OH is α-aminoisobutyryl-l-alanine. The pH variation has led to the synthesis of two discrete complexes, the structures of which have been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The “low pH” complex {[CuClL](H₂O)_2.5}_n (1) is a 3D coordination polymer, in which the dipeptide monoanion L⁻ behaves as a η¹:η¹:η¹:μ₂ ligand binding one Cu^II atom through its amino nitrogen and neutral peptide oxygen, and an adjacent Cu^II atom through one of its carboxylate oxygen. The “higher pH” complex {[Cu(H₋₁L)(EtOH)](EtOH)}_n (2) is a chain (1D) compound, in which the dipeptide dianion H₋₁L²⁻ uses its amino nitrogen, deprotonated peptide nitrogen and both carboxylate oxygens to bridge two metal centres.     

Potent,Metabolically Stable 2‐Alkyl‐8‐(2H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐2‐yl)‐9H‐adenines as Adenosine A2A Receptor Ligands

Inhibition of adenosine A_2A receptors has been shown to elicit a therapeutic response in preclinical animal models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We previously identified the triazolo‐9H‐purine, ST1535, as a potent A_2AR antagonist. Studies revealed that ST1535 is extensively hydroxylated at the ω‐1 position of the butyl side chain. Here, we describe the synthesis and evaluation of derivatives in which the ω‐1 position has been substituted (F, Me, OH) in order to block metabolism. The stability of the compounds was evaluated in human liver microsomes (HLM), and the affinity for A_2AR was determined. Two compounds, (2‐(3,3‐dimethylbutyl)‐9‐methyl‐8‐(2H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐2‐yl)‐9H‐purin‐6‐amine ( 3 b ) and 4‐(6‐amino‐9‐methyl‐8‐(2H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐2‐yl)‐9H‐purin‐2‐yl)‐2‐methylbutan‐2‐ol ( 3 c ), exhibited good affinity against A_2AR (K_i=0.4 nM and 2 nM , respectively) and high in vitro metabolic stability (89.5 % and 95.3 % recovery, respectively, after incubation with HLM for two hours).     

A novel 2D polymeric structure of Cu–Na complex, in which phthalate gives seven coordination sites

A novel copper and sodium hetero-nuclear complex {[(H₂O)Na]₂Cu(phth)₂}_n (phth=phthalate) was synthesized and its crystal structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The complex structure consists of two-dimensional (2D) infinite layers, in which it is first observed that one phthalate ligand coordinates to five metal ions and gives seven coordination sites.     

Bis(Diphenylcarbamoylmethylphosphine Oxide) Ligand Containing 4, 7, 10 – Trioxatridecane Spacer: Novel Effective Extractant for Actinides and Lanthanides

A novel polydentate neutral organophosphorus ligand 1 containing two Ph₂P(O)CH₂C(O)NH- bidentate moieties connected by a 4, 7, 10 - trioxatridecane spacer through amide nitrogen atoms was synthesized and studied as an extractant for U(VI), Th(IV), and lanthanides(III) ions from HNO₃ solutions. The influence of aqueous and organic phases on the extraction efficiency was elucidated and stoichiometry of the complexes extracted was determined. Bis-CMPO ligand 1 was found to possess a higher extraction efficiency towards U(VI), Th(IV), and lanthanides(III) ions than its mono analog diphenylphosphorylacetic acid N-nonylamide 5 and bis-CMPO ligands containing a di- and a triethylene glycol spacers. The values of D_U, D_Th, and D_Ln for compound 1 are more than two orders of magnitude higher than those for its mono-CMPO analog 5.     

Novel Sulfonated CNN Pincer Ligands for Facile C−H Activation at a Pt(II) Center

Two novel sulfonated CNN-pincer ligands 1b and 1c and the corresponding chloro and aqua complexes K[^CNNLPtCl] and ^CNNLPt(H₂O), 3b – 3c and 2b – 2c , were prepared and fully characterized including single crystal X-ray diffraction. Along with the previously described complexes 2a and 3a , the derivatives of a CNN pincer ligand 1a , these complexes form a family of structurally similar compounds where the pincer core rigidity increases in the series 2a (3a) < 2b (3b) < 2c ( 3c ), as deduced from their XRD data. The increased ligand rigidity affects the aqua ligand dissociation energy of the ^CNNLPt(H₂O) complexes, as it follows from DFT calculations and as is reflected in the increased reactivity of the aqua complexes 2a , 2b and 2c in processes that involve aqua ligand loss. Among these processes the formation of the presumed dinuclear complexes ^CNNL₂Pt₂ and, importantly, catalytic C−D bond cleavage in C₆D₆ were studied in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol solutions. The C−D bond cleavage reactivity was quantified as the rate of H/D exchange between C₆D₆ and CF₃CH₂OH at 80 °C.     

Syntheses and optical,electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of polymers with 6-(2-thienyl)-4H-thieno[2,3-b]indole with a variety of electron-deficient units

Conjugated polymers were synthesized and used for polymer solar cells with new electron-rich units, 6-(2-thienyl)-4H-thieno[2,3-b]indole (2-TTI). 2-TTI was coupled with electron-pulling units, including benzothiadiazole and benzimidazole derivatives, to provide push–pull types of conjugated polymers (poly(8-(heptadecan-9-yl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl)-8H-thieno[2,3-b]indole)-alt-(2-methyl-5,6-bis(octyloxy)-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-benzimidazole) (PTTIDOCF3), poly(8-(heptadecan-9-yl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl)-8H-thieno[2,3-b]indole)-alt-(5,6-bis(octyloxy)-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole) (PTTIDOBT), poly(8-(heptadecan-9-yl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl)-8H-thieno[2,3-b]indole)-alt-(2,2-dimethyl-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-2H-benzimidazole) (PTTIMBI), and poly(8-(heptadecan-9-yl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl)-8H-thieno[2,3-b]indole)-alt-(2,2-dimethyl-5,6-bis(octyloxy)-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-2H-benzimidazole) (PTTIDOMBI)). The synthesized conjugated polymers provided deep highest occupied molecular orbital energy levels for higher open-circuit voltages (V_OC). The device composed of PTTIDOMBI and [6,6]-Phenyl C₇₁ butyric acid methyl ester PC₇₁BM (1:2) with chloronaphthalene additive showed a V_OC of 0.72 V, a short-circuit current (J_SC) of 9.16 mA/cm², and a fill factor of 0.43; this gave a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.84%. The PTTIDOMBI provided better morphology for enhanced charge transport, and this led to the higher J_SC and PCE of the organic solar cells. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47624.