The Grid Economy

This work identifies challenges in managing resources in a Grid computing environment and proposes computational economy as a metaphor for effective management of resources and application scheduling. It identifies distributed resource management challenges and requirements of economy-based Grid systems, and discusses various representative economy-based systems, both historical and emerging, for cooperative and competitive trading of resources such as CPU cycles, storage, and network bandwidth. It presents an extensive, service-oriented Grid architecture driven by Grid economy and an approach for its realization by leveraging various existing Grid technologies. It also presents commodity and auction models for resource allocation. The use of commodity economy model for resource management and application scheduling in both computational and data grids is also presented.     

Interoperability of GADU in using heterogeneous grid resources for bioinformatics applications.

Bioinformatics tools used for efficient and computationally intensive analysis of genetic sequences require large-scale computational resources to accommodate the growing data. Grid computational resources such as the Open Science Grid and TeraGrid have proved useful for scientific discovery. The genome analysis and database update system (GADU) is a high-throughput computational system developed to automate the steps involved in accessing the Grid resources for running bioinformatics applications. This paper describes the requirements for building an automated scalable system such as GADU that can run jobs on different Grids. The paper describes the resource-independent configuration of GADU using the Pegasus-based virtual data system that makes high-throughput computational tools interoperable on heterogeneous Grid resources. The paper also highlights the features implemented to make GADU a gateway to computationally intensive bioinformatics applications on the Grid. The paper will not go into the details of problems involved or the lessons learned in using individual Grid resources as it has already been published in our paper on genome analysis research environment (GNARE) and will focus primarily on the architecture that makes GADU resource independent and interoperable across heterogeneous Grid resources.     

A semantic grid infrastructure enabling integrated access and analysis of multilevel biomedical data in support of postgenomic clinical trials on cancer.

This paper reports on original results of the Advancing Clinico-Genomic Trials on Cancer integrated project focusing on the design and development of a European biomedical grid infrastructure in support of multicentric, postgenomic clinical trials (CTs) on cancer. Postgenomic CTs use multilevel clinical and genomic data and advanced computational analysis and visualization tools to test hypothesis in trying to identify the molecular reasons for a disease and the stratification of patients in terms of treatment. This paper provides a presentation of the needs of users involved in postgenomic CTs, and presents such needs in the form of scenarios, which drive the requirements engineering phase of the project. Subsequently, the initial architecture specified by the project is presented, and its services are classified and discussed. A key set of such services are those used for wrapping heterogeneous clinical trial management systems and other public biological databases. Also, the main technological challenge, i.e. the design and development of semantically rich grid services is discussed. In achieving such an objective, extensive use of ontologies and metadata are required. The Master Ontology on Cancer, developed by the project, is presented, and our approach to develop the required metadata registries, which provide semantically rich information about available data and computational services, is provided. Finally, a short discussion of the work lying ahead is included.     

分布式的多媒体通信系统设计

针对公共安全领域的最新需求,满足多媒体通信系统的多业务性和拓展性,本系统采用分层体系结构,实现业务与交换控制分离,交换与承载分离,并且让基础服务得到最大程度的复用。本文主要阐述了设计该系统的体系结构,各层之间的关系,物理部署以及客户端界面设计。此方案具有实用性和可靠性。     

Building Grid Portal Applications From a Web Service Component Architecture

This work describes an approach to building Grid applications based on the premise that users who wish to access and run these applications prefer to do so without becoming experts on Grid technology. We describe an application architecture based on wrapping user applications and application workflows as Web services and Web service resources. These services are visible to the users and to resource providers through a family of Grid portal components that can be used to configure, launch, and monitor complex applications in the scientific language of the end user. The applications in this model are instantiated by an application factory service. The layered design of the architecture makes it possible for an expert to configure an application factory service with a custom user interface client that may be dynamically loaded into the portal.     

EView-a workstation-based viewer for intensive clinicalelectroencephalography

A workstation-based electroencephalograph (EEG) viewer that satisfies the requirements for high-volume clinical EEG review is described. It currently supports two 24-h four-bed epilepsy monitoring units and a network of routine, intraoperative, and intensive care monitors, providing paperless review of over 5000 pages/day by a staff of clinical neurophysiologists. The design takes advantage of the development environment, processing and graphics resources, and networking capabilities of high-performance UNIX workstations. The user interface and operational infrastructure have been tailored to the demands of clinical neurophysiologists requiring rapid access to large volumes of EEG waveform data in a large clinical neurophysiology laboratory. The functional requirements, system architecture, and implementation details for the current system are described     

Run-Time Integration of Reconfigurable Video Processing Systems

Embedded systems in field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) can be customized and adaptive if assembled from modular components at run time. This paper examines realizing run-time system assembly by extension of platform-based design. Two major challenges are addressed in this paper. First, the design of a reconfigurable platform architecture suitable for run-time system assembly is described. Different systems are constructed by integrating the platform architecture with different modular components, which employ the communication infrastructure supplied by the platform in order to interact. Second, where on-chip communications channels use shared media, we propose techniques for modeling the intermodule communication behavior based on statistical time-division multiplexing. The proposed techniques enable system designers to guarantee that logical communication requirements between the adjunct modules can be satisfied by the infrastructure. An in-depth analysis is presented and then verified with cycle-accurate simulations for an example reconfigurable platform for real-time video applications.     

A context-constrained authorisation (CoCoA) framework for pervasive grid computing

The paper discusses access control implications when bridging Pervasive and Grid computing, and analyses the limitations of current Grid authorisation solutions when applied to Pervasive Grid environments. The key authorisation requirements for Pervasive Grid computing are identified and a novel Grid authorisation framework, the context-constrained authorisation framework CoCoA, is proposed. The CoCoA framework takes into account not only users’ static attributes, but also their dynamic contextual attributes that are inherent in Pervasive computing. It adheres to open Grid standards, uses a modular layered approach to complement existing Grid authorisation systems, and inter-works with other Grid security building blocks. A prototype implementation of the CoCoA framework is presented and its performance evaluated.     

Resource Management Strategies for the Mobile Web

The success of the Mobile Web is driven by the combination of novel Web-based services with the diffusion of advanced mobile devices that require personalization, location-awareness and content adaptation. The evolutionary trend of the Mobile Web workload places unprecedented strains on the server infrastructure of the content provider at the level of computational and storage capacity, to the extent that the technological improvements at the server and client level may be insufficient to face some resource requirements of the future Mobile Web scenario. This paper presents a twofold contribution. We identify some performance bottlenecks that can limit the performance of future Mobile Web, and we propose and evaluate novel resource management strategies. They aim to address computational requirements through a pre-adaptation of the most popular resources even in the presence of irregular access patterns and short resource lifespan that will characterize the future Mobile Web. We investigate a large space of alternative workload scenarios. Our analysis allows to identify when the proposed resource management strategies are able to satisfy the computational requirements of future Mobile Web, and even some conditions where further research is necessary.     

基于MDS的数据网格信息服务体系结构

MDS是网格中间件Globus提供的信息服务，Globus是网格中间件事实上的标准。由于MDS的设计背景是传统的计算网格，因此对于越来越多的数据网格，MDS由于自身的局限性而不能胜任。文章给出一种基于MDS的数据网格信息服务体系结构的设计方案，该方案已经应用在科学数据网格项目中，结果表明它能够更好地适用于数据网格环境中。     

分布式曲面设计和快速原型制造中的模型描述

在分析分布式曲面设计和快速原型制造特点的基础上,建立了曲面协同设计和快速原型制造的基础信息框架.针对自由曲面的设计要求和快速原型制造的特点,提出了采用三角网格模型作为曲面的描述方式.此描述方法分别采用自定义数据格式T和CMESH作为系统格式和网络传输格式,采用STL格式作为快速原型制造的数据格式.在设计了三种数据的转换方法后,通过实验验证了文中所提模型描述方法,实验表明,采用此方法可以使网络数据传输量减少为1/12,满足分布式曲面设计和快速原型制造的要求.     

计算网格Portal的设计与实现

网格Portal就是网格的门户，网格Portal利用流行的Web技术提供Web界面方便用户运行网格应用程序．用户可以利用客户端浏览器通过网格Portal来方便安全透明地使用网格的各种计算资源。本文提出了计算网格Portal的设计技术和方法以及实现的功能，并分析了在设计中遇到的一些问题以及解决的办法。     

Delivering a lifelong integrated electronic health record based on a service oriented architecture.

Efficient access to a citizen's Integrated Electronic Health Record (I-EHR) is considered to be the cornerstone for the support of continuity of care, the reduction of avoidable mistakes, and the provision of tools and methods to support evidence-based medicine. For the past several years, a number of applications and services (including a lifelong I-EHR) have been installed, and enterprise and regional infrastructure has been developed, in HYGEIAnet, the Regional Health Information Network (RHIN) of the island of Crete, Greece. Through this paper, the technological effort toward the delivery of a lifelong I-EHR by means of World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) technologies, on top of a service-oriented architecture that reuses already existing middleware components is presented and critical issues are discussed. Certain design and development decisions are exposed and explained, laying this way the ground for coordinated, dynamic navigation to personalized healthcare delivery.     

网格应用模型及方法研究

针对实现资源共享和协同工作的网格技术应用研究与发展现状，文章给出网格应用总体结构；根据Petri网系统特点，提出基于Petri网的服务流网SF—net模型，设计了基于UML的网格工作流程序的一般性开发方法。并在此基础上定义了基于Petri网的网格作业描述语言；讨论了当前工业界Web服务业务过程执行语言BPEL4WS及进程代数CSP与文中所提服务流网的结合，引入服务代数概念，表明了服务流网SF-net的灵活性。     

TR069在家庭网络中的应用

家庭网络终漩设备的复杂性和业务的多样性对终漩管理提出了更高的要求，为此数字用户线（DSL）论坛专门制订了用于终端的网管协议——TR069。TR069协议在架构设计上使用超文本传输协议（HTTP）的客户机／服务器（C／S）模型，并充分借鉴了很多Web的成熟技术，使得协议的实现相对简单，并且具有很好的扩展性。在管理参数定义上，TR069协议完全针对终端业务特性而制订。通过部署基于TR069的网管系统，可以在很大程度上减少用户的配置／管理工作，提高设备的易用性和可管理性，便于家庭网络中设备的快速部署和业务的迅速开展。     

国家电网IMS承载网网络架构设计方案及带宽测算方法

深入研究和对比分析了国家电网IMS承载网的网络架构设计方案,包括骨干侧网络架构设计方案和过渡期网络架构设计方案,并依据网络架构、媒体流和信令流走向提出了IMS交换网对数据通信网骨干侧、接入侧的带宽需求和测算方法,对国家电网建设IMS承载网具有指导意义.     

Deploying the NaradaBrokering Substrate in Aiding Efficient Web and Grid Service Interactions

NaradaBrokering has been developed as the messaging infrastructure for collaboration, peer-to-peer, and Grid applications. The value of NaradaBrokering in the context of Grid and Web Services has been clear for some time. NaradaBrokering-combined with further extensions to, and testing of, its existing capabilities - can also take advantage of the maturing of Web Service standards and specifications to build very powerful general mechanisms to deploy and integrate it with general Web Services. This paper describes a framework to integrate the NaradaBrokering substrate with Web Services.     

柔性通信指挥管理信息系统总体设计

多样化军事任务的复杂性和多变性,迫切需要多样化的通信保障。从多样化军事任务对通信保障的需求出发,分析了通信指挥管理信息系统的结构柔性、运行柔性和数据柔性的需求,对通信指挥管理信息系统的总体构成、功能组成和总体技术体系结构进行了初步研究,说明了系统结构柔性、运行柔性及数据柔性的实现。     

Intelligent Monitoring for Adaptation in Grid Applications

Grid applications access distributed, and often shared, resources. One consequence of this resource sharing is that measured application performance can vary widely and in unexpected ways. Determining the causes of poor performance, due to either anomalous application behavior or contention for shared resource use, and adapting to changing circumstances are critical to creation of robust Grid applications. Performance contracts and real-time adaptive control are two mechanisms to realize soft performance guarantees in Grid environments. Performance contracts formalize the relationship between application performance needs and resource capabilities. During execution, contract monitors use performance data to verify that expectations are met. When the contracted specifications are not satisfied, the system can choose to either adapt the application to available resources or reschedule the application on a new set of resources that can satisfy the original contract specifications. We describe an infrastructure for Grid application contract development and monitoring. This infrastructure, based on the Autopilot toolkit, provides flexible and scalable tools to assess both application and system behavior.     

Service-specific control architectures for ATM

The concept of a service-specific control architecture (SSCA) in an ATM environment is presented. Here, a control architecture denotes the out-of-band control and management mechanisms operational in a network or virtual network (or part thereof). An SSCA can use knowledge about the applications it serves to make better use of network resources, and thus provide a more efficient service. Such a control architecture can be designed to provide only the subset of control functions required by the applications it serves, thereby greatly reducing its complexity. The switchlet mechanism, which allows more than one control architecture to be operational simultaneously within the same network, enables the use of service-specific control architectures. Implementation work is presented to illustrate the use of switchlets and SSCAs. This includes both an environment which uses switchlets to dynamically create virtual networks, and an SSCA used to provide video- and audioconferencing facilities in an ATM environment