濮城油田沙三上5-10低渗透油藏剩余油分布及挖潜研究

根据濮城油田沙三上5-10油藏开发后期面临的困难,开展油藏精细描述,对储层和构造进行研究和验证,并结合开发中的动态关系对人工裂缝和天然裂缝进行研究,部署适合低渗油藏开发后期的开发方式和开发方案。     

火山岩气藏开发现状及潜力分析

近年来,我国火山岩气藏勘探取得突破,先后在松辽盆地和准葛尔盆地进行火山岩气藏规模开发。根据目前火山岩的资源分布、地质特征、开发特征及开发效果几个方面的情况,进行了气藏开发现状与开发潜力的分析,指出火山岩气藏已经成为天然气开发的重要组成部分。     

浅谈我国石油企业的国际市场开发

我国石油企业进行国际市场开发应首先制定出集团和企业的各级中短期和长期的市场开发战略,然后循序渐进地进行市场开发的实施。为应对市场开发中的非市场因素,开发战略实施时应注重关系营销与合作竞争。本文以通过招投标获取工程技术服务项目为例,提出一种两阶段开发模型供我国石油企业参考。     

油藏数值模拟技术优化XX油田开发方案

油藏开发进入中后期时,需要对其开发效果进行评价,进而确定油藏的调整方案。但是调整后的井网方案是否比原方案更加合理,则需要进行详细的论证。本文欲对XX油田实施加密调整,构成了新的井网和开发方案。通过计算机操作,使用油藏模拟技术去预测XX油田在新方案和原方案下的油藏开发指标,预测显示XX油田通过原方案开发效果要更好,说明X油田应维持原井网开发,不需要进行调整。     

延长油田注水过程中储层损害及保护

为了提高原油的产量和开采效率,我国油田企业开始加强对油田注水开发技术的研究和开发,要求对油田进行开发时,设计符合实际情况的开发方案,同时也应该保护储层。文章通过分析延长油田储存的孔隙结构,对油田注水开发技术进行了探究,并且分析在进行注水过程中对储层造成的损害,然后提出相关措施,实现对油田储层的保护,确保能够安全进行注水开发,提高油田开采效率,保证油田开发作业的安全性。     

濮65气藏产能恢复方案研究及实施效果评价

本文从濮 65气藏的概况出发 ,对该气藏的开发历程进行了分析 ,利用新井的 RFT资料、老井测压和试井、动态分析资料 ,对该气藏的天然气的储量动用状况和潜力进行分析 ,部署了产能恢复方案 ,通过分年度逐步实施 ,获得了很好的开发效果和比预期好的开发效益 ,为老气藏产能恢复 ,提高开发水平和开发效益提供了有益的借鉴。     

MM油藏单井产能预测方法及其评价

产能是未动用储量评价的核心,产能预测是编制油田开发规划部署、进行开发方案设计、开发动态分析、油井配产及开发方案调整的重要内容。准确预测单井产能是合理开发油藏的重要决策性因素。本文以MM油藏为例,根据三叠系油藏开发井在油层改造方式和规模相近的情况下,采用5种方法对产能进行分析和预测,然后将这5种方法的预测结果进行对比分析、筛出,最后得出MM油藏的产能预测值。     

鄂尔多斯盆地页岩气的开发

我国鄂尔多斯盆地中蕴藏着大量的矿物能源,石油、天然气的储量十分庞大,并且还存在着页岩气等,具有很大的开采价值和开采空间。页岩气的开发是由北美洲向世界延伸进行开发的一项工作,目前我国也正处于开发、运用页岩气的阶段。根据我国目前鄂尔多斯地区的实际情况,结合我国当前页岩气开发情况和技术进行分析,讨论鄂尔多斯盆地页岩气开发的研究工作,以望对我国鄂尔多斯开发工作给予一部分的参考价值。     

长堤油田边底水油藏发规律研究

本文针对长堤油田边底水油藏开发历程,就不同开发调整阶段新井初产、递减规律和含水上升规律进行了对比,并就其开发特点进行了规律性总结。     

走资源和环境相结合的道路实现内蒙煤炭工业可持续发展

介绍了内蒙的生态环境特点。分别论述了内蒙煤炭开发与利用对水资源、土地资源和大气环境的影响,并对内蒙煤炭开发和生态环境保护的先进模式进行了介绍,对未来煤炭开发利用规划对生态环境影响进行了预测,最后指明内蒙的煤炭开发必须从技术- 经济-环境相结合的角度,实现煤炭协调发展。     

Comparison of thermal properties of crude by-product polyolefin wax, fractionated paraffin wax and their blend

The molecular weight and thermal properties of unfractionated by-product polyolefin wax (wax K) from a naphtha cracking unit, fractionated commercial paraffin wax (wax J) and their blend (wax M) were evaluated and were compared with each other using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), normal and high-temperature gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). Such properties as molecular weight distribution, melting temperature and degree of crystallization were altered by blending wax K with wax J. By blending with two parts of wax K and one part of wax J to prepare wax M, M _w of wax K was shifted, by half, to that of wax J in order to approach that of wax M, whereas the M _n of wax K remains almost unaltered to become that of wax M. In particular the effect of blending of wax K and wax J turned out co-crystallization for the sharper lower-melting-temperature endothermic peak of the blend, indicating narrower molecular distribution, than that of wax K at the melting temperature shifted even below that of wax J. The total degree of crystallinity for the blend, wax M, turns out less than that before blending wax K with wax J, which may be attributed to the effect of co-crystallization due to blending.     

Study on wax precipitation characteristics of wax deposit in pipes

Wax deposit properties are a significant concern in pipeline pigging during waxy crude oil transportation. In the present work, the impacts of flow conditions and oil properties on the wax precipitation characteristics of wax deposits are investigated. A flow loop apparatus was developed to conduct wax deposition experiments using four crude oils collected from different field pipes. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique was employed to observe the wax precipitation characteristics of crude oil and wax deposit. The results show that the wax content and the wax appearance temperature (WAT) of the deposits increase with shear stress and radial temperature gradient, and decrease with radial wax molecule concentration gradient near the pipe wall. The DSC tests on the wax deposits revealed that the deposit wax content is strongly correlated to the oil wax content. Furthermore, an empirical correlation was developed to predict the wax content and the WAT of the wax deposit. Verification of the empirical correlation using the different oils indicated that the average relative error of the wax content prediction and average absolute error of WAT prediction were 13.2% and 3.6°C, respectively.     

石蜡改性制备汽车上光用蜡

采用聚乙烯蜡为原料,通过催化氧化反应对石蜡进行改性研制出质量和性能与天然巴西棕榈蜡相似的氧化蜡,用其代替天然巴西棕榈蜡制备乳化型汽车上光蜡。对氧化蜡制备微乳液进行了研究,考察了微乳液的配方组成以及乳化条件对制备氧化蜡微乳液的影响,结果表明蜡样和乳化剂的质量比为1∶0.50,乳化时间为50min,乳化温度为90~95℃,搅拌速度为1200~1500r/min时可制得外观、光泽、成膜性等方面性能优良的汽车上光用蜡。     

水基汽车表面防护蜡的研究

研究了水基汽车表面防护蜡乳液粒径、蜡结晶状态与防护蜡成膜状态关系。提出了通过控制乳化体系的HLB值,提高防护蜡抗水性能的方法。研制的水基汽车防护蜡经应用试验证明,能满足汽车出口漂洋过海运输的防护要求。     

三种添加剂对复合植物蜡性能的影响

以聚乙烯蜡、软质微晶蜡和硬质微晶蜡为稳定剂,用量为0%~20%,添加到复合植物蜡中,测定其基本物理性能(针入度、滴点、运动粘度)的变化。实验结果表明,3种稳定剂加入量在0%~20%范围内:聚乙烯蜡对复合植物蜡的运动粘度和针入度的影响相对较小,变化比较平缓,当添加量为20%时,滴点增加了5℃;软质微晶蜡对复合植物蜡的运动粘度、针入度的影响较大,当添加量为20%时,运动粘度整体下降2.7mm2/s、针入度降了2.7 mm;硬质微晶蜡对复合植物蜡的运动粘度影响较小,而针入度、滴点的变化幅度较大,当添加量为20%时,针入度减小了3.2 mm,滴点提高了16℃,硬质微晶蜡能很大程度的提升复合植物蜡的硬度和滴点。     

特种蜡的生产现状与市场分析

特种蜡是具有特殊用途的技术含量高的石蜡产品.综述了国内外特种蜡生产现状以及我国特种蜡生产面临的挑战与机遇,分析了精密铸造用蜡、防锈蜡、乳化炸药蜡、电力电子元器件用蜡、橡胶防护蜡、乳化蜡、感温蜡及塑料润滑用蜡等主要特种蜡产品的生产现状与消费情况.建议今后特种蜡的生产企业与科研院所加强联合,完善特种蜡的标准化工作,搞好基础蜡的生产,并注重市场开发和营销.     

The overall crystallization behavior of polyethylene/wax blends as phase change materials for thermal energy storage: A mini review

This review paper deals with the overall crystallization behavior of polyethylene/wax blends as phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal energy storage with the determination of their thermal properties. The addition of molten wax to the polyethylenes decreases the crystallization and melting temperatures of the blends. However, incorporating fillers to the polyethylene/wax blends can either decrease or increase the crystallization and melting temperatures of the composites depending on the filler type. The normalized enthalpy values of linear low-density polyethylene showed no significant change when increasing the wax content. On the contrary, the normalized enthalpy values of the wax in the blends were lesser than that of pure wax and increased with increasing wax content. Since the wax in the blend had a lower crystallinity compared to pure wax, this influences its effectiveness as a PCM for thermal energy storage. The effect of different polyethylenes on the wax morphology gave rise to enhance phase separation when wax was blended to high-density polyethylene as compared to the other polyethylenes. On the contrary, the effect of various waxes on the morphology of polyethylene resulted in different morphologies due to the molecular weight of the wax used and the structure of the polyethylene chain. The addition of fillers to the polyethylene (PE)/wax samples resulted in enhanced phase separation. The overall isothermal crystallization rate and the equilibrium melting temperature of PEs in the PEs/wax blends were depressed by wax addition due to the wax dilution effect.     

提高石蜡附加值发展特种蜡

深入分析了国内外石蜡、微晶蜡、特种蜡现状,针对我国石蜡生产,对特种蜡产品开发提出了一些建议,提高石蜡附加值的同时提升企业的竞争力和经济效益。     

甘蔗蜡精制脱色初步考察

简述了甘蔗蜡的性质、成因、制备过程及用途,介绍了实验室考察甘蔗蜡精制脱色的试验情况,结果表明采用溶剂萃取与白土精制的组合方法可以大大改善甘蔗蜡的颜色,从深棕色蔗蜡原料中得到黄色和暗黄色的精制后蔗蜡产品,而采用加氢精制和溶剂萃取的组合方法来处理甘蔗蜡。效果不好,蜡的性质发生了根本的改变,已经不具备蔗蜡特有的性质。     

石蜡产品嗅味产生的原因及对策

随着新的全精炼石蜡国家标准的颁布实施,对生产全精炼石蜡的嗅味提出了较高要求。国内不少企业生产全精炼石蜡时,嗅味无法满足质量要求,困扰着全精炼石蜡的生产。本文对石蜡嗅味产生原因进行了分析,特别分析了减压蒸馏、溶剂精制、溶剂脱蜡、石蜡加氢等石蜡工艺生产过程对石蜡嗅味的影响,指出了调整优化方向,提出生产末端利用白土精制进一步降低石蜡嗅味的措施,达到生产全精炼石蜡的目的。