首钢热轧DP580双相钢的工业试生产

采用合金成本低廉的C-Mn-Cr化学成分设计,通过层流冷却段的水冷—空冷—水冷的三段式冷却模式和低温卷取,成功在1 580mm机组上试生产580MPa级热轧双相钢。对试生产钢卷进行了性能均匀性分析,结果表明:除去轧钢头部弱冷区域,整卷性能均匀,马氏体比例可稳定在10%左右。进而得出当前采用的恒速轧制方法有利于热轧双相钢力学性能均匀性控制的结论。试生产中在终轧后实施了2种不同的中间温度,轧制结果显示2种工艺方案下屈服强度和屈强比差距较大。     

C Si Mn Cr Nb钢双相组织性能的柔性控制

 根据C Si Mn Cr Nb试验钢的双道次变形和分段冷却热模拟试验结果,进行了试验钢控轧控冷试验,分析了工艺参数对试验钢组织和性能的影响,获得了具有不同力学性能的铁素体+马氏体或铁素体+贝氏体双相组织。结果表明,试验钢两段轧制分段冷却后550 ℃卷取获得铁素体+马氏体双相组织,屈服强度415 MPa,抗拉强度710 MPa,伸长率23.0％,屈强比0.59。500 ℃卷取得到铁素体加粒状贝氏体双相组织,与550 ℃卷取相比,屈服强度升高35 MPa,抗拉强度降低45 MPa,伸长率略微降低。     

600MPa级热轧双相钢的组织性能

 介绍了实验室使用两段式冷却工艺试制的600MPa级热轧双相钢的化学成分及相变规律,利用光学显微镜、SEM以及拉伸试验对双相钢的微观组织和力学性能进行检测分析。结果表明：试验用钢的Ac1和Ac3分别为785、940℃;经830℃终轧后,空冷10s到750℃,在750℃开始快冷至卷取温度（≤200℃）,可得到室温组织为铁素体（86.5%）+马氏体的热轧双相钢,其屈服强度为327.1MPa,抗拉强度为651.6MPa,加工硬化率高达0.235,伸长率达25.7%。     

600 MPa级热轧双相钢组织与性能优化分析

 通过热轧厂实际生产试制,研究了钛、铌微合金元素对600 MPa级低成本低温卷取型铁素体/马氏体双相钢组织和性能的影响,并与同强度级别中温卷取双相钢进行对比。研究结果表明,沿晶界分布的纳米级（Nb,Ti）C第二相显著细化了铁素体/马氏体两相组织,由此解决了不含钛、铌元素的低温卷取双相钢马氏体岛粗大的问题,提高其强度和塑性。此外,试制生产对比发现,中温卷取双相钢存在晶粒尺寸较粗,马氏体体积分数较少,强度相对略低等特征,并提出了相应的热轧工艺改进思路。     

轧后冷却对DP590热轧双相钢组织及性能的影响

针对DP590热轧双相钢,通过实验室热轧试验,研究了卷取温度、快冷温度对热轧双相钢显微组织和力学性能的影响,对比分析了显微组织中马氏体的数量及形貌。结果显示,快冷温度提高,马氏体含量显著增加,同时抗拉强度升高,延伸率下降;试验钢在550℃、600℃卷取时,随着卷取温度的升高,热轧双相钢中马氏体含量下降,抗拉强度下降明显,伸长率提高。在600℃时得到的铁素体和马氏体比例合适,热轧双相钢抗拉强度600 MPa,屈强比0.5左右,伸长率22%以上,综合性能满足要求。     

安钢600 MPa级经济型热轧双相钢的生产实践与应用

根据安钢1780 mm热连轧机组工艺现状及层流冷却设计能力,采用低温卷取和三阶段冷却方式来生产热轧600 MPa级双相钢。主要通过在Q345B基础上不添加Cr、Mo、Nb等微合金元素,适当降低C含量,提高Mn和Si含量来拓宽铁素体生成区间,抑制珠光体和贝氏体的生成,使其形成理想比例的铁素体和马氏体的经济型成分路线。牌号为AG580DP卷板在山东和河南某厂加工性能、疲劳性能良好。     

冷却工艺对DP590热轧双相钢组织及性能的影响

通过实验室轧制DP590热轧双相钢,研究了卷取温度、快冷温度对热轧双相钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果显示,快冷温度提高,马氏体含量显著增加,同时抗拉强度升高,延伸率下降;试验钢在550℃、600℃卷取时,随着卷取温度的升高热轧双相钢中马氏体含量下降,抗拉强度下降明显,延伸率提高。在600℃时得到的铁素体和马氏体比例合适,实现了抗拉强度600 MPa,屈强比0.5左右,延伸率22%以上的热轧双相钢,综合性能满足DP590热轧双相钢的要求。     

冷轧双相钢DP800生产工艺及性能研究

探讨了800 MPa级冷轧双相钢的成分体系、冷却处理工艺、组织及性能;研究了退火温度、冷却速率对双相钢性能的影响,分析了双相钢的强化机理,并且优化了退火工艺参数。结果表明,冶炼过程采用C-Si-Mn-Cr-V成分体系,轧制过程采用650℃±20℃的中温卷取,连续退火过程中快冷段投入高氢(H2含量20%)冷却,冷速达到42~50℃/s,能够得到由铁素体和马氏体组成的冷轧双相钢DP800,综合力学性能优良。     

硅质量分数对CSP生产DP600相变规律及工艺的影响

基于C Si Mn Cr Mo系600 MPa级热轧双相钢的组分,设计了不同硅质量分数(0.55%和1.17%)的两种试验钢。采用Gleeble 3500热模拟试验机测定了两种试验钢的连续冷却转变曲线,分析了硅质量分数对试验钢连续冷却过程中组织转变的影响,并研究了硅质量分数对短流程生产中温卷取型热轧双相钢生产工艺的影响。结果表明,相对于w(Si)=1.17%,w(Si)=0.55%使铁素体开始转变温度降低40~50 ℃,明显缩短了铁素体转变的孕育期,并增加了铁素体的体积分数。在CSP线上生产时,低硅钢的终轧温度可控制为820~830 ℃,低的终轧温度使铁素体相变时间增加2.2 s左右,铁素体转变量增加,且后续相变过程中可避免非马氏体组织的出现。因此,低硅钢适合在CSP短流程线上生产中温卷取型热轧双相钢。     

高强包装用钢带系列产品的试制与应用

围绕880 MPa、930 MPa、980 MPa包装用钢带的技术要求,基于包钢稀土钢板材公司2 250 mm常规热连轧生产线、2 030 mm酸轧生产线和用户蓝化退火生产线的工艺流程,进行了工艺设计和工业试制。通过KR脱硫、钙处理等技术冶炼了中碳、低硅、锰成分组合的试验钢,分析了试验钢热轧、酸轧和蓝化退火的力学性能,确定了满足不同强度级别包装用钢的试制工艺。通过对比600℃、500℃卷取温度的热轧组织和性能及蓝化退火钢带性能,发现500℃卷取温度基本消除了珠光体,形成了铁素体、贝氏体为主的组织,可提高成品的强度和延伸率。通过试制,成功开发了3个强度级别的包装用钢产品,生产工艺顺行,实现了稳定生产和批量应用。     

Production of auto-body dual-phase steel with single-step cooling on the output conveyer of the 2000 continuous broad-strip mill at OAO NLMK

The goal is to produce hot-rolled dual-phase steel of strength class DP 450–600 at OAO Novolipetskii Metallurgicheskii Kombinat (NLMK). The steel’s final structure and properties is greatly affected by single-stage strip cooling on the output roller conveyer of the 2000 continuous broad-strip mill. The influence of the hot-rolling parameters on the structure and mechanical properties of the hot-rolled SPRC440R steel from which cold-rolled dual-phase steel is produced at OAO NLMK is studied in the laboratory. The temperatures and rates for accelerated cooling on the output roller conveyer of the 2000 continuous broad-strip mill at OAO NLMK are calculated by means of a mathematical model. The laboratory data and simulation results are used in developing trial conditions for industrial rolling. Recommendations are made regarding the production of hot-rolled dual-phase steel corresponding to strength class DP 450–600.     

直接热轧法制备Cu-P-Cr-Ni-Mo双相耐候钢

 在商用09CuPCrNi耐候钢化学成分的基础上,通过调整合金元素含量,研制出了可直接热轧双相化的Cu-P-Cr-Ni-Mo耐候钢。该钢种变形奥氏体的CCT曲线具有较宽的铁素体析出区,可作为热轧“可行的速度窗口”;铁素体析出区与贝氏体转变区之间存在约80℃的奥氏体亚稳区,可作为热轧“可行的卷取范围”;贝氏体转变区的右侧端部封口,可避免在卷取过程中发生贝氏体转变。根据Cu-P-Cr-Ni-Mo耐候钢的变形奥氏体的CCT曲线,制定了5种热轧双相化工艺,并采用Gleeble-3500热模拟机进行了轧制模拟,制备出了Cu-P-Cr-Ni-Mo热轧双相耐候钢。不同工艺下获得的双相耐候钢组织均为铁素体基体及其上呈岛状分布的马氏体,马氏体体积分数为17%~28%。     

控轧控冷工艺对900 MPa级热轧带钢组织和性能的影响

通过动态CCT曲线测试和实验室控轧控冷试验,分析了900 MPa级热轧带钢连续冷却过程中的相变过程以及不同卷取温度下显微组织、析出相和力学性能的关系。试验结果表明:随着冷却速度提高,显微组织中多边形铁素体比例下降,贝氏体组织比例升高,冷速大于15℃/s时,显微组织全部为贝氏体;随着卷取温度升高,显微组织中针状铁素体比例下降,多边形铁素体比例升高;当卷取温度为600℃时,组织为铁素体+少量珠光体,此时析出相细小弥散,可获得抗拉强度达到1 000 MPa,延伸率17%的热轧产品。     

Production of hot rolled dual-phase steel strip by coiling below martensite start temperature

The laboratory tests showed that a dual-phase steel can be produced on the basis of the chemical composition given here, providing the coiling temperature is below the martensite start temperature. It is then possible to dispense with an additional air cooling period on the runout table, which is mandatory with production concepts known up to now. The best mechanical properties are attained at a coiling temperature of 200°C. The final rolling temperature should be around A_r3 to avoid a heavy ferrite deformation without softening and, on the other hand, to reduce the yield stress increase caused by aging. Nitrogen aging can be suppressed by the addition of small amounts of titanium to bind nitrogen, forming a dispersion of titanium nitrides. The feasibility of this concept under production conditions was confirmed by means of hot rolling tests on a hot wide strip mill.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a New As-Hot-Rolled High-Strength DP Steel Subjected to Different Cooling Schedules

Controlled rolling followed by accelerated cooling was carried out in-house to study the microstructure and mechanical properties of a low carbon dual-phase steel. The objective of the study described here was to explore the effect of cooling schedule, such as air cooling temperature and coiling temperature, on the final microstructure and mechanical properties of dual-phase steels. Furthermore, the precipitation behavior and yield ratio are discussed. The study demonstrates that it is possible to obtain tensile strength and elongation of 780 MPa and 22 pct, respectively, at the two cooling schedules investigated. The microstructure consists of 90 pct ferrite and 10 pct martensite when subjected to moderate air cooling and low temperature coiling, such that the yield ratio is a low 0.69. The microstructure consists of 75 pct ferrite and 25 pct granular bainite with a high yield ratio of 0.84 when the steel is directly cooled to the coiling temperature. Compared to the conventional dual-phase steels, the high yield strength is attributed to precipitation hardening induced by nanoscale TiC particles and solid solution strengthening by high Si content. The interphase precipitates form at a suitable ledge mobility, and the row spacing changes with the rate of ferrite transformation. There are different orientations of the rows in the same grain because of the different growth directions of the ferrite grain boundaries, and the interface of the two colonies is devoid of precipitates because of the competitive mechanisms of the two orientations.     

Research on Alloying Design and Process Control for X100 Hot-Rolled Strips

The influence of alloying design,controlled rolling technology and cooling system of X100 hot-rolled strips on microstructure and micro-hardness has been discussed in detail in this paper.The results show that optimal chemical composition range of X100 hot-rolled strips is obtained on the basis of X80 by increasing contents of C,Mn,Ni and Mo of X80.The granular bainite microstructure could be refined and the volume fraction and size of M-A islands could be controlled in a reasonable range by reasonably regulating cooling rate and coiling temperature of X100 pipeline steel,which ensure high strength and toughness of X100 pipeline steel.     

2250 mm宽带热连轧层流冷却模型的参数优化

武钢2250 mm热连轧机组在生产X60管线钢等新钢种时,原有的层流冷却系统不能适应冷却要求,影响了卷取温度的控制,导致产品组织和性能不稳定。通过层流冷却系统控制模型的优化和冷却系统相关参数的调整,使卷取温度控制命中率由原来的60%提高到89.3%,保证了产品目标组织和性能。     

Model Algorithm Research on Cooling Path Control of Hot-rolled Dual-phase Steel

With the development of advanced high strength steel,especially for dual-phase steel,the model algorithm for cooling control after hot rolling has to achieve the targeted coiling temperature control at the location of downcoiler whilst maintaining the cooling path control based on strip microstructure along the whole cooling section.A cooling path control algorithm was proposed for the laminar cooling process as a solution to practical difficulties associated with the realization of the thermal cycle during cooling process.The heat conduction equation coupled with the carbon diffusion equation with moving boundary was employed in order to simulate temperature change and phase transformation kinetics,making it possible to observe the temperature field and the phase fraction of the strip in real time.On this basis,an optimization method was utilized for valve settings to ensure the minimum deviations between the predicted and actual cooling path of the strip,taking into account the constraints of the cooling equipment′s specific capacity,cooling line length,etc.Results showed that the model algorithm was able to achieve the online cooling path control for dual-phase steel.     

Effects of Coiling Temperature on Strength,Yield Ratio and Precipitation Behaviors of Hot Rolled High Strength Microalloyed Steel for Cold Forming

Various hot rolling schedules were applied to a Nb,V,Ti contained HSLA steel.Coiling temperature had crucial effects on not only yield strength,but also yield ratio and precipitation behavior.600Mpa yield strength is achieved when coiled at 450℃,which is 100Mpa higher than those coiled at 570℃.However,the low coiling temperature had adverse effect to increase yield ratio,which increased from 0.78 to 0.88 as coiling temperature dropped from 570℃ to 450℃.High resolution SEM analysis shows that sizes of Nb,V,Ti precipitates are affected by coiling temperature.Coarse (Nb,Ti)(C,N) precipitates up to 5μm are observed at higher coiling temperature and to decrease tensile strength,where high coiling temperature corresponds to low cooling rate.With strong cooling and coiling capacity of Shasteel’s 1450mm width hot rolling mill,these results indicate that strength and formability of the steel can be balanced when coiling temperature has been optimized.Alloying and microalloying costs can be reduced by efficiently utilizing the capacity of rolling mill.Alumina inclusions are found to act as nucleus for Nb,V,Ti precipitates,contributing to coarsening of precipitates.     

热镀锌双相钢热轧工艺制度研究

研究了热轧工艺对热镀锌双相钢组织与性能的影响。结果表明,通过调整热轧工艺,可以得到强韧性能配合较好的组织均匀的铁素体-马氏体双相钢。在一定的温度范围内,随着终轧温度和卷取温度的升高,双相钢的屈服强度和抗拉强度有不同程度的下降,而延伸率有所上升。高温卷取易导致热轧基板晶粒粗大并出现带状组织,通过降低卷取温度可有效提高热轧基板组织的均匀性,使热轧基板的晶粒细腻均匀,从而改善热轧带状组织。