酵母培养物对蛋鸡生产性能及鸡蛋品质的影响

试验采用2 000只21周龄海兰褐蛋鸡,研究添加酵母培养物对蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋品质的影响,试验期6个月.结果表明:日粮中添加酵母培养物对蛋鸡平均蛋重和平均只耗料有增加的趋势,平均产蛋率试验组比对照组相比提高了3.88%(P＜0.05);料蛋比试验组与对照组相比降低了2.48%(P＜0.05).同时,改善了鸡蛋的品质,鸡蛋中蛋白质和有益维生素(VA、VE、VB2等)与对照组相比分别提高了0.66%和10.27%.脂肪的含量较对照组降低了0.54%(P＞0.05),胆固醇的含量较对照组降低了26.10%(P＜0.05).试验期每只鸡试验组比对照组多赢利1.20元.     

复合酶对蛋鸡生产性能鸡蛋品质血液生化指标的影响

研究复合酶制剂对蛋鸡产蛋后期生产性能、鸡蛋品质及血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:添加复合酶制剂对产蛋率和料蛋比有一定的改善作用,但对蛋重和鸡蛋品质无显著影响;复合酶制剂3组总蛋白、球蛋白、血磷含量均显著增加(P0.05),各试验组白蛋白和甘油三酯含量均有不同程度的提高,而尿素含量均有不同程度的降低。     

两歧双歧杆菌与嗜酸乳杆菌微生态制剂的工业化生产工艺研究

研究了两歧双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌双联微生态制剂的工业化生产工艺。对发酵培养基及发酵条件进行了研究和优化，并确定了发酵奶的冷冻干燥工艺条件。冻干后的产品中两歧双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌的活菌数均达到了10^9-10^10g^-1，而且在冻干工艺条件下，发酵产物中的各种活性成分得以最大限度地保存下来，使产品可以达到作为微生态制剂应用的相关标准。     

不同品位沸石对蛋鸡生产性能影响的试验研究

选用380日龄伊莎褐蛋鸡2484羽，随机分为3组，每组设3个重复，研究两种不同品位沸石对蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋品质的影响，研究结果表明，蛋鸡日粮中添加高，低两种品位沸石使平均蛋重分别提高了1．53％（P＜0．05）和1．15％（P＞0．05），但料蛋比略有增加，高品位沸石还可提高蛋鸡产蛋率，降低破软蛋率，对死亡率则没有影响，沸石对鸡蛋品质亦有影响，它可改善蛋形指数和蛋黄色泽，使蛋壳变薄，但蛋壳强度增大，经济效益分析显示，蛋鸡日粮中添加高品位沸石使每1kg鸡蛋的生产成本降低0．04元，低品位沸石则使生产成本明显上升。     

复合微量元素对蛋鸡生产性能的影响

试验选1日龄罗曼褐壳蛋鸡525只,随机分为5个组(A、B、C、D、E组),分4阶段饲养,共33周。各阶段在其相同的基础日粮(均补充I0. 4mg/kg和Se0. 3mg/kg)中分别添加5个水平(A、B、C、D、E组按NRC标准添加的量分别为0、0. 5、2、3和需要的最高倍数)的复合微量元素(Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn)。结果表明:①育雏期日增重A组显著高于B、C、E组(P<0. 05),料重比A组显著低于D组(P<0. 05);②育成前期所有观测指标差异均不显著(P>0. 05 );③育成后期A组的末重比B组高3. 13%,日增重比C组高6. 74%,料重比比C组低7. 24%;④产蛋前期平均产蛋率A组显著低于其它各组(P<0. 01),日产蛋量D组最高,并显著高于A组(P<0. 05),料蛋比A组比D组高4. 18%。综合分析表明,育雏期、育成前期基础日粮中的微量元素已满足需要,不需额外添加,育成后期和产蛋前期按照D组方案添加较好。     

复合生物菌对蛋鸡生产性能的影响

试验选用25周龄罗曼褐壳蛋鸡384只,随机分为4个组,研究了饲料中添加复合生物菌对蛋鸡生产性能的影响。结果表明:添加复合生物菌1%可以显著提高蛋鸡的入舍鸡日产蛋率和入舍鸡日产蛋量(P<0.05),对其他生产性能指标也有一定改善作用;但差异不显著(P>0.05)。因此,适量添加复合生物菌可以提高蛋鸡生产性能,有效替代药物饲料添加剂。复合生物菌的过量使用对蛋鸡生产性能可能产生不利影响。     

微生态制剂对猪肉品质的调控

近年来,微生态制剂在猪饲料中广泛使用,它能提高肉猪的生产性能、增强免疫功能以及改善猪肉品质.本文针对猪肉品质的评价指标及测定方法、微生态制剂对猪肉品质的调控及作用机理进行了综述.     

饲料中添加桑饲料对蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋品质的影响

本实验选用100只285日龄的农大矮小型蛋鸡,随机分为5组,各实验组在全价料的基础上分别添加0%、2.5%、5%、7.5%、10%的桑饲料颗粒料,实验期30d,进行蛋品质测定。结果表明饲喂桑饲料颗粒料能极显著的提高蛋黄颜色,提高哈夫单位,对蛋壳厚度、蛋形指数、蛋壳强度都有很好的改善作用。     

微生态制剂对仔猪生长性能及肠道菌群的影响

通过给仔猪喂食微生态制剂,研究微生态制剂对仔猪生长性能、粪便pH值及肠道定植情况和肠道菌群的影响。结果表明,饲喂微生态制剂8周后,益生菌可以有效地定植在仔猪肠道内,并能够增加断奶仔猪的日增质量,降低料质量比和腹泻率。并且对仔猪生长性能的影响有时间效应,在断奶初期效果最佳;可以保持仔猪消化道的偏酸性环境,有利于益生菌的生长;还可以增加肠道中有益菌的数量,抑制有害菌的生长。     

低聚壳聚糖对蛋鸡脂类代谢及鸡蛋品质的影响

试验旨在研究低聚壳聚糖对蛋鸡脂类代谢及鸡蛋品质的影响。结果表明,低聚壳聚糖使第4周蛋鸡血清甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量分别降低了40.90%(P<0.05)、49.02%(P<0.01)和34.76%(P<0.05),脂蛋白脂肪酶、肝脂酶和总酯酶活性分别提高了10.38%(P>0.05)、42.89%(P<0.05)和30.24%(P>0.05);第8周脂蛋白代谢酶活性也有所提高。低聚壳聚糖对蛋鸡腹脂率、鸡蛋脂肪含量和鸡蛋品质无影响(P>0.05)。     

Effects of dietary humate supplementation on performance,egg quality and egg yolk fatty acid composition in layers

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of humate on performance, egg quality and egg yolk fatty acid (FA) composition in laying hens. RESULTS: Six hundred and thirty White Lohmann layers at 46 weeks of age were assigned randomly to seven groups, each with 18 replicate cages of five hens. Control diet (C) and C supplemented with 0.10 (H1), 0.15 (H2), 0.20 (H3), 0.25 (H4), 0.30 (H5) and 0.35 (H6) wt% humate were offered for 25 weeks. Humate supplementation improved performance variables and egg quality indices including shape index, yolk colour, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh unit, but not specific gravity, shell strength and shell thickness. Average feed intake (g), egg production (%), egg weight (g) and feed efficiency for the groups were 118.9, 87.2, 68.1 and 2.07 (C), 118.8, 87.7, 66.3 and 2.08 (H1), 119.3, 89.8, 66.6 and 2.03 (H2), 119.5, 88.9, 66.9 and 2.05 (H3), 118.3, 86.5, 66.9 and 2.11 (H4), 119.3, 90.6, 66.9 and 2.02 (H5) and 123.6, 88.5, 66.1 and 2.16 (H6) respectively. Palmitoleic acid concentration increased from 4.34% (C) to 7.65% (H5) and stearic acid concentration decreased from 7.39% (C) to 5.39% (H6) of total FA. CONCLUSION: Dietary humate supplementation improved performance, inner egg quality parameters and egg yolk fatty acid composition. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

复配酶制剂对面包品质的影响

通过正交实验研究了酶制剂对面包品质的影响,开发出面包用复配型酶制剂。实验结果表明,酶制剂单一使用时,α-淀粉酶添加量是0.04 g/100 g,木聚糖酶为0.08 g/100 g,脂肪酶为0.04 g/100 g,谷氨酰胺转氨酶(TG酶)为0.12 g/100 g。复配酶制剂在小麦粉中的添加量是α-淀粉酶0.02 g/100 g、木聚糖酶0.02 g/100 g、脂肪酶0.01 g/100 g、TG酶0.03 g/100 g。通过在复配酶制剂中添加淀粉和蔗糖,配制成使用量为2‰的面包用复配型酶制剂,该复配型酶制剂能使面包评价总分提高30分以上。     

酵母培养物对蛋鹌鹑产蛋性能及产蛋品质的影响

研究酵母培养物对蛋用鹌鹑产蛋性能及产蛋品质的影响。对照组饲喂基础日粮,低、中和高水平酵母培养物组在基础日粮的基础上分别添加0．1％、0．3％和0．5％酵母培养物。结果表明：中、高水平酵母培养物组能显著提高蛋鹌鹑的产蛋率、蛋壳强度和哈夫单位,显著降低蛋鹌鹑的料蛋比、次品蛋率和死淘率。说明酵母培养物能提高产蛋性能和一定程度的提高产蛋品质,酵母培养物的适宜添加水平为0．3％     

鸡蛋生产环节沙门氏菌检测及洁蛋对蛋品质影响的研究

目的 对鸡蛋生产过程中沙门氏菌污染环节进行研究, 探明规模化蛋鸡养殖场鸡蛋生产中沙门氏菌污染状况和洁蛋效果。方法 选择规模化蛋鸡场一个, 对可能造成鸡蛋沙门氏菌污染的水、饲料、蛋网、传输带等环节的样本进行采样, 并取清洁前后的鸡蛋各60个, 分为两组, 每组中30个蛋用于当天检测, 另外30个, 在室温环境下放置10 d后检测。所有样品经前增菌和选择性增菌后, 提取细菌DNA进行鉴定。结果 水、饲料和清洁后的鸡蛋表面未检出沙门氏菌, 蛋网、传输带、未清洁的鸡蛋表面检出沙门氏菌, 进一步检测表明, 检出的沙门氏菌均不是肠炎沙门氏菌和伤寒沙门氏菌。鸡蛋放置10 d后检测, 未清洁组的蛋白高度和哈氏单位显著低于清洁组的蛋白高度和哈氏单位, 二者均显著低于当天检测的结果, 而各组的蛋壳强度差异均不显著。结论 鸡蛋清洁涂膜处理后可以有效减少蛋壳表面沙门氏菌污染, 并延长鸡蛋的保存时间。     

Effect of organic pig production systems on performance and meat quality

The present study was carried out to establish knowledge of consequence for setting up guidelines of importance for production of competitive organic pork of high quality. Performance and meat quality characteristics were compared between three organic pig production systems based on indoor housing with access to an outdoor area and a Danish conventional indoor system including 100% concentrate during the finishing feeding stage.The three organic systems used the following three feeding regimes: 100% organic concentrate according to Danish recommendations, 70% organic concentrate (restricted) plus ad libitum organic barley/pea silage and 70% organic concentrate (restricted) plus ad libitum organic clover grass silage, respectively.With exception of a slightly lower daily gain in organic pigs fed 100% concentrate, no significant difference was found in performance and meat quality characteristics compared with results obtained in the conventional system. In contrast and independent of roughage used, organic pigs raised on 70% concentrate had a significant reduction in daily gain (P < 0.001) compared with pigs raised on 100% concentrate, despite the fact that no difference in feed conversion rate was seen between the tested production systems. However, the percentage of leanness increased significantly in meat from organic pigs raised on 70% concentrate plus roughage compared with meat from pigs given 100% concentrate. This was reflected in higher yield (weight) of lean cuts and lower yield of cuts with high fat content from pigs fed 70% concentrate plus roughage. In general, organic feeding resulted in a significantly higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the back fat (1.8%), which increased further when restricted feeding plus roughage (4%) was used. Restricted concentrate feeding gave rise to a decrease in tenderness compared with pork from pigs fed 100% concentrate.     

Effect of organic pig production systems on performance and meat quality

The present study was carried out to establish knowledge of consequence for setting up guidelines of importance for production of competitive organic pork of high quality. Performance and meat quality characteristics were compared between three organic pig production systems based on indoor housing with access to an outdoor area and a Danish conventional indoor system including 100% concentrate during the finishing feeding stage.

The three organic systems used the following three feeding regimes: 100% organic concentrate according to Danish recommendations, 70% organic concentrate (restricted) plus ad libitum organic barley/pea silage and 70% organic concentrate (restricted) plus ad libitum organic clover grass silage, respectively.

With exception of a slightly lower daily gain in organic pigs fed 100% concentrate, no significant difference was found in performance and meat quality characteristics compared with results obtained in the conventional system. In contrast and independent of roughage used, organic pigs raised on 70% concentrate had a significant reduction in daily gain (P < 0.001) compared with pigs raised on 100% concentrate, despite the fact that no difference in feed conversion rate was seen between the tested production systems. However, the percentage of leanness increased significantly in meat from organic pigs raised on 70% concentrate plus roughage compared with meat from pigs given 100% concentrate. This was reflected in higher yield (weight) of lean cuts and lower yield of cuts with high fat content from pigs fed 70% concentrate plus roughage. In general, organic feeding resulted in a significantly higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the back fat (1.8%), which increased further when restricted feeding plus roughage (4%) was used. Restricted concentrate feeding gave rise to a decrease in tenderness compared with pork from pigs fed 100% concentrate.     

一种新型复合微生态制剂的研制

采用双歧杆菌,蜡样芽孢杆菌及低聚果糖制成一种新型复合微生态制剂,在温度25℃,干燥条件下其活菌数保持基本稳定的时间为12个月,毒理实验表明其安全无毒。     

窖池微生态调控对窖泥驯化及酒质影响的研究

为更好地解析窖泥,为窖泥质量提升提供更多的技术储备,采用化学法和物理法对窖泥进行驯化。化学法利用高通量测序技术解析老熟窖泥中原核微生物多样性,针对其中的主要菌群梭菌及甲烷菌设计一种无机盐培养基进行窖泥核心菌群的驯化;物理法利用窖池不同层次生酸情况的差异,采用置换法进行窖泥驯化。结果表明,窖池微生态经化学法调控后酒样中的己酸乙酯含量提高了44.67%,乳酸乙酯含量降低了37.25%;经物理法调控后酒样中的己酸乙酯含量提高了12.22%,乳酸乙酯含量先升后降,杂醇油中正丙醇含量降低了20.8%。两种方法均达到了窖泥驯化的目的,综合酒质得到提高。     

凝结芽孢杆菌B.C-39复合微生态制剂对小鼠便秘的缓解作用

通过建立洛哌丁胺诱导的小鼠便秘模型,评价凝结芽孢杆菌B. C-39芽孢与低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、菊粉的复合微生态制剂对便秘的缓解效果。结果表明,与模型组相比,复合微生态制剂显著增加了便秘小鼠的排便颗粒数、粪便质量和水分含量,小肠推进率提高了43. 9%,排首粒黑便的时间缩短了125 min,同时显著恢复了小鼠血清中胃动素(motilin,MTL)、胃泌素(gastrin,Gas)、内皮素(endothelin-1,ET-1)、生长抑素(somatostatin,SS)、P物质(substance P,SP)和血管活性肠肽(vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP)等胃肠调节肽的分泌水平,提高了小鼠粪便中短链脂肪酸的含量。凝结芽孢杆菌B. C-39复合微生态制剂具有缓解便秘的作用,为开发、应用具有缓解便秘功能的凝结芽孢杆菌微生态制剂提供了理论依据。     

Effects of dietary taurine on egg production,egg quality and cholesterol levels in Japanese quail

BACKGROUND: Taurine is a semi‐essential amino acid and has many biological properties. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with taurine on egg production, egg quality, and cholesterol level in serum and egg yolk of quails. A total of 108 quails aged 6 weeks were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments. Each treatment consisted of four replicates of nine quails. The diets were supplemented with 0, 100, and 500 mg kg^?1 of taurine for 8 weeks. RESULTS: Dietary 500 mg kg^?1 taurine significantly affected egg production rate and feed conversion ratio, but had no significant effects on body weight gain, feed consumption, or egg weight. Dietary taurine had no significant effect on egg quality parameters studied. Serum triglyceride concentration was reduced significantly with supplementation of taurine at 100 and 500 mg kg^?1. Egg yolk cholesterol content was reduced significantly, and the contents of serum taurine and egg yolk taurine were increased significantly with taurine supplementation at 500 mg kg^?1. CONCLUSION: Results of the present study indicated that adding 500 mg kg^?1 taurine reduced yolk cholesterol concentration and increased yolk taurine content without adverse effects on performance and egg quality of laying quails. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry