Tunable Photodetector Based on GaAs/InP Wafer Bonding

We demonstrate a tunable long wavelength vertical-cavity photodetector which is fabricated by bonding a GaAs-based tunable filter with an InP-based absorption structure. The wavelength tuning range of 10.5 nm was achieved via thermal-optic effect. The external quantum efficiency of about 22%, the spectral linewidth as narrow as 0.6 nm, and the 3-dB bandwidth of 12 GHz were obtained in the device.     

Cascaded χ(2) wavelength converter in LiNbO3 waveguides with counter-propagating beams

A wideband wavelength converter is presented which is based on a cascaded second-order nonlinearity in periodically-poled LiNbO₃ waveguides pumped at 1.5 μm. The converter uses counter-propagating beams in order to improve conversion efficiency and pump rejection. An internal conversion efficiency of -10 dB and a conversion bandwidth of 68 nm have been obtained in a 4 cm long device     

1.5-μm-band wavelength conversion based on cascaded second-ordernonlinearity in LiNbO3 waveguides

We report wavelength conversion and spectral inversion using cascaded second-order nonlinearity in periodically poled LiNbO₃ waveguides pumped at 1.5 μm. The converter has an internal conversion efficiency of -8 dB, a conversion bandwidth of 76 nm, and a constant conversion efficiency for the 50-dB range of signal powers tested     

Five-channel polymer waveguide wavelength division demultiplexerfor the near infrared

A five-channel wavelength division demultiplexer (WDDM) fabricated in polymer gelatin waveguides and operating over a 100-nm bandwidth centered at 770 nm in the near infrared is discussed. The device has a maximum diffraction efficiency of 80% at 730 nm, has a spectral bandwidth of 17±3 nm per channel, and effectively utilizes a portion of the large optical transparency bandwidth (~2400 nm) of the photo-lime gelatin polymer material at laser diode wavelengths. High-channel-density WDDM devices at longer infrared wavelengths should be possible     

Effects of dispersion and birefringence on the performance ofquantum well mode converters

The device characteristics of GaAs multiple quantum well (MQW) polarization modulators, designed for operation at wavelengths of 865 and 870 nm, respectively, are investigated and shown to depend strongly on the dispersive and anisotropic optical properties of the quantum well medium. Results indicate that the observed decrease in spectral bandwidth and conversion efficiency at wavelengths detuned from the excitonic bandgap by ~250 Å can be accounted for, theoretically, if electroabsorptive loss terms are included in the coupled-mode analysis of polarization conversion in MQW waveguides. Device design considerations and applications of MQW polarization modulators to integrated optic filtering, wavelength division multiplexing/demultiplexing, and the frequency tuning of semiconductor lasers are presented     

多角度偏振成像仪相对光谱响应定标方法

相对光谱响应是检测和评估多角度偏振成像仪性能的基本参数之一。采用基于激光泵浦氙灯光源的单色仪、消偏器、参考探测器和45°分束镜, 搭建了一套多角度偏振成像仪相对光谱响应测量装置。采用分束镜同步测量的方法,降低光源的非稳定性影响;针对测试过程繁琐和测试时间长的问题, 在基于现有不同开发平台开发的单色仪和数据采集系统的基础上,采用ActiveX控件与动态链接库技术,研制了一套相对光谱响应自动测试系统,降低时间 非稳定性影响,提高测量精度和效率。采用多角度偏振成像仪490 nm和865 nm偏振通道作为应用案例,开展了相对光谱响应的整机测试实验。实验结果 表明多角度偏振成像仪中心波长测量极差值与带宽均值的比值精度在0.11%以内,满足响应非一致性优于0.6%的定标要求。     

一种双分裂环结构的线-圆和线-交叉极化转换器

文中提出了一种高效、多功能的超表面极化转换器,该转换器由双分裂环谐振器周期阵列构成并置于F4B-2介电基板上。通过双分裂环谐振器的耦合效应可以有效拓展工作带宽。采用有限积分法对其极化特性进行分析。仿真结果表明：在5.5～8.55 GHz的频带(相对带宽为43.4%),实现了线极化到圆极化的转换,其能量转换效率优于99.5%;在10.31～15.31 GHz的频带(相对带宽为39%),实现了线极化到其交叉极化的转换,其极化转换比大于0.99。实验上,制备了样品并测试了其极化转换特性,实验结果与仿真结果基本吻合,验证了该转换器设计的合理性和有效性。所提出的超表面具有高效率、大工作带宽、多功能的特点,可应用于无线通信和极化操控设备。     

Key technologies for terabit/second WDM systems with high spectralefficiency of over 1 bit/s/Hz

To fully utilize a limited gain bandwidth of about 35 nm (4.4 THz) in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, an increase in signal spectral efficiency is required. In this paper, we investigate the key technologies to achieve terabit/second wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) systems with over 1 bit/s/Hz spectral efficiency. Optical duobinary signals, which have narrower optical spectra than conventional intensity modulation signals, were applied to such dense WDM systems. The measured minimum channel spacing for 20-Gbit/s optical duobinary signals was 32 GHz and a spectral efficiency of over 0.6 bit/s/Hz was reached. By using polarization interleave multiplexing, spectral efficiency was expected to reach 1.2 bit/s/Hz in an ideal case with no polarization dependencies along the transmission lines. In such ultradense WDM systems with narrower channel spacing, stabilizing the wavelengths of laser diodes is an important issue for achieving stable operation over long periods. To do this, we developed a simple and flexible wavelength stabilization system which uses a multiwavelength meter. The wavelengths for 116 channels with 35-GHz spacing were stabilized within ±150 MHz. The stabilization system is applicable to ultradense WDM signals with a spectral efficiency of over 1 bit/s/Hz by employing wavelength interleave multiplexing and an optical selector switch. On the basis of these investigations, we demonstrated a 2.6-Tbit/s (20 Gbit/s×132 channels) WDM transmission by using optical duobinary signals. In addition, 1.28-Tbit/s (20 Gbit/s×64 channels) WDM transmission with a high spectral efficiency of 1 bit/s/Hz was achieved by using polarization interleave multiplexing     

Study of High Efficiency Grating Couplers for Silicon-Based Horizontal Slot Waveguides

Horizontal slot waveguides are becoming a very promising waveguide configuration for silicon photonics nonlinear applications. In this letter, the design of grating couplers for highly efficient coupling between standard single-mode fibers and horizontal slot waveguides is reported. Parameters have been optimized to achieve maximum coupling efficiency for lambda = 1550 nm and transverse magnetic polarization. Maximum coupling efficiencies of 61% and 48% have been achieved for negative and positive detuned grating couplers, respectively, by means of simulations. A 35-nm 1-dB bandwidth spectral response has also been obtained.     

应变量子阱光放大器NDFWM波长转换和滤波

报告了一种新型的波长转换滤波器，它产生于拉伸/压缩应变量子阱（T/CSQW）光放大器中的非简并四波混频（NDFWM）。提出T/CSQW转换滤波器的结构，并由器件的耦合模式实现了波长的转换滤波。讨论了T/CSQW光放大器的特征参数对输出效率，输出带宽及频移的影响。在0.01量级，该器件可用作具有高转换效率及窄带的滤波器和波长转换器，其频率转换的范围取决于半导体介质的增益带宽，可达到5000GHZ。     

Wavelength Filter and Converter by NDFWM in Strained Quantum Wells

A novel kind of wavelength filter and converter using nondegenerate four-wave mixing (NDFWM) in an optical amplifier with tensile and compressively strained quantum wells (T/C SQW) is reported in this paper. The configuration of the T/C SQW converting filter is designed first, followed by the establishment of the coupling model of the device. The influences of the property parameters of the optical amplifier with T/C SQW on the output efficiency, 3dB bandwidth, and the frequency shift are mainly discussed. The device can serve as both filter and wavelength converter with high conversion efficiency and narrow bandwidth on the order of 0.01 nm. Meanwhile, the frequency conversion range, which is decided by the gain bandwidth of the semiconductor media, is up to 5000 Ghz in the considered case.     

Design and performance evaluation of 1-by-64 multimode interferencepower splitter for optical communications

A 1-by-64 multimode interference power splitter in SiO₂ has been designed for use in fiber-optics communication systems. The splitter exhibits a minimum loss of 0.5 db and a uniformity of 1.7 dB at a wavelength of 1.55 μm. The polarization sensitivity is below 0.14 dB, the reflection level below -55 dB, and the optical bandwidth 30 nm. The fabrication tolerances are ±0.1 mm on the length and ±3.5 μm on the width of the multimode section of the splitter. In comparison with a branching-type splitter it is found that the designed device is approximately 30% shorter than the branching-type device for comparable losses     

一种新型高性能光电探测器结构的研究

近来获得极大发展的谐振腔光电探测器具有引人注目的波长选择特性，并且实现了器件量子效率与带宽的渡越时间分量之间的解耦。     

Fabrication of 17×17 polymer/Si arrayed waveguide grating with flat spectral response using steam-redissolution technique

Arrayed waveguide grating(AWG) is a key device in the wavelength-division multiplexing(WDM) system, and the flat spectral response of the AWG device is required.In this paper,the RIE process has been improved.By using the steam-redissolution technique,the insertion loss and the crosstalk have been reduced.Experimental results show that the central wavelength is 1550.86 nm,the channel spectral response flatness is about 1.5 dB,3-dB bandwidth is about 0.478 nm,insertion loss is 10.5 dB,and crosstalk is abo...     

17×17 硅基聚合物信道箱形光谱阵列波导光栅的制备

Arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) is a key device in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) system, and the flat spectral response of the AWG device is required. In this paper, the RIE process has been improved. By using the steam- redissolution technique, the insertion loss and the crosstalk have been reduced. Experimental results show that the central wavelength is 1550.86nm, and 3-dB bandwidth is about 0.478 nm, insertion loss is 10.5 dB, crosstalk is about –22 dB. The insertion loss of an AWG device is reduced by about 3 dB for the central channel and 4.5 dB for the edge channels, and the crosstalk is reduced by 2.5 dB after the steam- redissolution.     

高增益偏振不灵敏InGaAs/InP体材料半导体光放大器

采用三元InGaAs体材料为有源区，通过直接在InGaAs体材料中引入0．20％张应变来加强TM模的增益，研制了一种适合于作波长变换器的偏振不灵敏半导体光放大器(SOA)。在低压金属有机化学气相外延(LPMOVPE)的过程中，只需调节三甲基Ga的源流量便可获得所要求的张应变量。制作的半导体光放大器在200mA的注入电流下，获得了50nm宽的3dB光带宽和小于0．5dB的增益抖动；重要的是，半导体光放大器能在较大的电流和波长范围里实现小于1．1dB的偏振灵敏度。对于1．55gm波长的信号光，在200mA的偏置下，其偏振灵敏度小于1dB，同时获得了大于14dB光纤到光纤的增益，3dBm的饱和输出功率和大于30dB的芯片增益。用作波长变换器，可获得较高的波长变换效率。进一步提高半导体光放大器与光纤的耦合效率，可得到性能更佳的半导体光放大器。     

Fabrication of 17 × 17 polymer/Si arrayed waveguide grating with flat spectral response using steam-redissolution technique

Arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) is a key device in the wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) system, and the flat spectral response of the AWG device is required. In this paper, the RIE process has been improved. By using the steam-redissolution technique, the insertion loss and the crosstalk have been reduced. Experimental results show that the central wavelength is 1550.86 nm, the channel spectral response flatness is about 1.5 dB, 3-dB bandwidth is about 0.478 nm, insertion loss is 10.5 dB, and crosstalk is about-22 dB. The insertion loss of an AWG device is reduced by about 3 dB for the central channel and 4.5 dB for the edge channels, and the crosstalk is reduced by 2.5 dB after the steam- redissolution.     

窄带、高光谱纯度、高效率染料激光器振荡-放大系统

欲在振荡器获得较大的峰功率(或能量),则腔内损耗元件(如F-P标准具等等)不能过多;而要使激光线宽变窄,则因增加腔内损耗元件而加大腔内损耗.即欲从振荡器里同时获得高峰功率(或能量)和窄线宽是相互矛盾的.解决此问题有两个途径:一是采用增加放大级的方法;二是采用注入锁定技术的方法.我们采用前一种方法.参考文献[1],研制了染料激光器振荡-预放大系统以及染料激光器振荡-预放大-放大系统,用XeCl准分子激光作为泵浦源,对它们的参数与性能分别进行了测试和讨论.     

特殊图案透明欧姆接触微结构提高谐振腔增强型光探测器的响应性能

为解决谐振腔增强型(RCE)光探测器的耦合效率和响应速率的矛盾,提出了采用特殊图案透明欧姆接触的微结构及其制备工艺方案,从而使得在器件入光面积不变的情况下,欧姆接触部分的总面积显著减小,在不影响器件量子效率的前提下达到减小电容、提高响应速率的目的。在台面面积为50μm×50μm的情况下,获得了18 GHz的响应带宽。研制的谐振腔增强型光探测器的响应速率得到了显著的提高。     

Polarization-independent integrated optical, acoustically tunabledouble-stage wavelength filter in LiNbO3

We report a polarization-independent integrated acousto-optical double-stage wavelength filter in X-cut, Y-propagating LiNbO₃. The device consists of a combination of four acousto-optical mode converters, a TE- and a TM-pass polarizer, and two polarization splitters; their specific design and properties are discussed. The filter has a bandwidth of 1.4 nm and a tuning range of 76 nm around λ1.55 μm. Maximum filter transmission is achieved with a RF drive power of only 80 mW; it excites via a single unidirectional transducer a guided surface acoustic wave driving the four polarization converters of both stages. Fiber-to-fiber insertion loss is 4.6 dB for TM- and 4.8 dB for TE-polarized waves. Multiwavelength filtering has been demonstrated