北京正负电子对撞机输运线磁铁电源样机控制系统

在北京正负电子对撞机重大改造工程（BEPCⅡ）中，为能有效地利用现有的CAMAC设备，研究提出采用VME模块作为CAMAC串行驱动器（SerialDriver），与CAMAC机箱连成串行通道系统，通过CAMAC机箱控制器对CAMACI/O功能插件进行控制操作，实现对输运线磁铁电源的远程控制。文章描述与实现这一方案相关的CAMACI/O驱动程序和应用软件的开发与调试。该样机系统的研制成功解决了BEPCⅡ控制系统研发中的关键技术。     

CAMAC双路快定标器

CAMAC插件系统是六十年代发展起来的一种有数据通道特性的计算机标准接口。CAMAC定标器是该系统的最通用插件之一,很多实验系统中都要用到它,而快定标器则在高能物理、受控热核反应等领域有着广泛的应用。 一、电路说明 图1 为此定标器的方框图,它包括有计数部 分和CAMAC控制部分。 1.计数部分     

一种多丝正比室读出系统

本文介绍一个多丝正比室的放大和读出系统。它由前置放大器、甄别器和存贮器插件、分隔符插件、编码插件、丝室接口以及CAMAC机箱等组成。前置放大直接装在室上。其它各插件都插在CAMAC机箱里。数据由丝室接口经CAMAC系统送给计算机作在线处理或离线分析。这个系统可以处理2800根丝的正比丝室的信息。     

CAMAC计算机多道系统中显示驱动器

本文扼要介绍CAMAC核能谱数据获取和处理系统中显示驱动器的性能及其工作原理。显示驱动器做成CAMAC插件,用以实现CAMAC数据通道与CRT显示设备之间的数据和控制信息的变换和传输。     

CAMAC-CPIB接口电路

本文介绍CAMAC-GPIB接口电路,它允许任何满足GPIB标准的仪器联接到CAMAC系统中。该插件在CAMAC系统中是一个从设备,而在GPIB系统中则是主设备,使GPIB系统成为CAMAC系统的子系统。     

闪烁计数器空间定位装置的事例判选及数据读出系统

本文描述了由11个NIN插件和1个CAMAC插件组成的8×8条闪烁计数器空间定位装置(陈列描述仪)的事例判选与读出系统。并对每种插件的特性及系统的电子学调整作了说明。     

新型CAMAC智能模数变换插件设计

介绍了新型CAMAC智能模数变换插件的设计。该插件研制的目的的是和来替代正在BESⅡ上使用的智能型模糊控制插件。设计中使用了DSP和FPGA等技术。     

中国核学会首次CAMAC学术讨论会综述(续)

在CAMAC机箱内,可以设置功能插件,它们在系统的控制下,执行具体功能,并直接与实验设备和工业过程相接触。其品种和性能直接影响到CAMAC的应用范围,所以各方面均十分重视。会上,介绍了40余种功能插件,大部分是通用的,如各种功能的寄存器、多路采样开关、模数或数模变换器、定标器(计数器)、和各种驱动器(包括显示、打印)等。少数为专用的,如步进马达控制器、高精度可控时标源和测频测时仪等。     

中国核学会首次CAMAC学术讨论会综述

中国核学会于1980年4月26日至30日在北京召开了首次“CAMAC学术讨论会”。这是一次检阅我国CAMAC标准接口研究成果、交流经验、展望未来前景的会议,有30个单位的55名代表参加。 以计算机为主控部件的CAMAC标准接口系统,早在1969年国外就正式使用,很快便在各国流行,日趋完善,并由相应的国际学术组织,形成了许多标准文本。我国1975年才开始这方面的研究工作。目前,国内已有十多个单位研制了70余种CAMAC系统部件和功能插件,并在某些领域内得到了初步试用。     

质子直线加速器控制系统硬件的扩充和改进

本文介绍了北京35.5 MeV质子直线加速器控用系统扩充时遇到的两个问题及解决办法。1.采用普通CAMAC A/D插件,稍加修改用来采集脉冲电流幅值,可节省复杂而昂贵的采样保持器。2.为了使出来脉冲严格和市电50 Hz同步以保证加速器的束流稳定,研制出一种基准定时脉冲产生器NIM插件,既可满足严格与市电同步,又能方便地任意设置出束周期。     

Modular software for MAST multi-technology data acquisition system

The MAST (Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak) data acquisition system is being radically upgraded. New hardware with completely different control interface and logic has been installed on all system levels from front-end devices to plant control. MAST plant control has been moved from VMS to a Windows-based OPC system. Old CAMAC and VME units are being replaced by cPCI and PXI units. A number of CAMAC crates have been upgraded with new Ethernet controllers supporting useful front-end devices.The upgrade is being performed without disturbing operations; the data acquisition units are being replaced gradually. Such an upgrade is possible due to the structure of the MAST data acquisition system which is build as a set of autonomous units, each one controlled by a computer. Modern computers are capable of controlling several units, and this has been the major opportunity and challenge because it radically changes the unit control logic. As a result practically all system components had to be redesigned.The new unit software is a step in system evolution towards greater flexibility and universality. Each unit can now manage multiple data files, possibly with different formats, and many units can be hosted on the same computer. This feature is provided by a message proxy server. Each unit is controlled independently and transparently, exactly like a stand-alone unit. A message interface has been modified for consistent handling of new functions. The unit software supports event-triggered and real-time data acquisition at the system level. New software has been developed for a number of new hardware devices, and the device modules for all usable old devices have been rewritten to operate with the new control interface.The new software allows units to be upgraded even during operations. The system structure and logic provide easy extension. The system as a whole or system design elements could also be used on other fusion facilities.     

Computer Controlled CAMAC Systems at Argonne

Several computer controlled CAMAC systems are presently being developed at Argonne for data acquisition in low-energy nuclear physics. This paper discusses four of these. The systems are designed around 8K, 16-bit, Lockheed MAC-16 computers. A typical system includes two CAMAC crates and a complement of 15 modules. The crate controller in each crate serves as interface between the computer I/O bus and the CAMAC dataway. Up to 14 individual crates can be addressed in addition to a Teletype and other peripheral devices. The CAMAC modules being developed include Crate Controller, Dual ADC Controller, ADC Coincidence Unit, Dual Stabilizer, Quad Pre-Scaler, Clock, Display Controller, Readout Selector, Magnetic Tape Controller and Disk Controller. Most units are built in double-width modules using computer controlled wire-wrap construction.     

用于高速数据获取系统中的FERA总线驱动和存储器部件

ＦＥＲＡ总线驱动和存储器部件（ＦＤＭ）是专为ＣＶＣ而设计的单宽ＣＡＭＡＣ插件。ＦＤＭ发送控制信号到多达２２个带有ＦＥＲＡ总线功能的ＣＡＭＡＣＡＤＣ中，并自动将这些ＡＤＣ的数据收集，ＦＤＭ也可支持（联结）插在同一个ＣＡＭＡＣ机箱上的不同ＡＤＣ，插件能用两种获取模式存储来自于ＡＤＣ的数据，一种是单事例数据，一种是多事例数据，对于具有不同变换时间的ＡＤＣ，系统的数据读出同步依赖于插在同一ＣＡＭＡＣ机箱中     

Operational Characteristics of the Camac Dataway

The basic purpose of CAMAC is to provide a standardized method for transferring data and control information between instrurrentation modules and a digital controller. CAMAC encompasses both a hardware standard for housing the modular components of a system and an electrical and logical standard for the control "language" used to effect the information transfer. The CAMAC specification contains the formally stated rules for hoth of these aspects of CAMAC. This paper concentrates on the control language and describes some of its features and uses in a less formal way than in the specification, and therefore may be useful as an introduction to the subject. Other papers in this series consider other aspects of CAMAC, including its place in the context of instrumentation systems, hardware aspects, signal standards, the Branch Highway, and coupling to computers and control systems. Here, the scope is limited to the process of information interchange within the CAMAC crate. This is a revised version of a paper previously publishled. Since the first version was published, a revised version of the CAMAC specification has been issued. This present paper is based only on the revised specification. Information on the differences between the original and revised CAMAC specifications is available.     

兰州放射性次级束流线数据获取系统的改造

为兰州放射性次级束流线(RIBLL)实验需求升级改造1套基于PC Linux的数据获取系统。系统采用PCI-CAMAC总线标准，CAMAC插件与计算机间的通讯通过CC32机箱控制器和PCIADA卡来实现。数据在线分析程序可直接连接CERN的PAW/ROOT分析平台。经多次实验检验，系统工作稳定可靠，最大数据获取速率达到了930KB/s。     

A VAX Based Data Acquisition Computer System at the Nuclear Structure Research Laboratory

The Nuclear Structure Research Laboratory at the University of Rochester is developing a VAX-11/750 computer system for use in a data acquisition and analysis system. The system consists of the VAX which is networked to two LSI-11/23's which are in turn connected to CAMAC branch drivers. The CAMAC branch drivers operate both parallel and 5 MHz byte-serial highways. The network is a high speed DMA interface and is identical to the system implemented at the W.K. Kellogg Radiation Laboratory[l]. The data acquisition system has been designed to allow the user to select standard program modules as building blocks to construct a system to suit the particular needs of the experiment. The division of the realtime analysis between the VAX and the LSI-11s is flexible. The LSI-11s are equipped with small array processors tlo permit high speed analysis on the satellite processors.     

FASTBUS—CAMAC数据采集系统在宇宙线EAS实验中的应用

本文以中日合作西藏羊八井宇宙线ＥＡＳ实验所使用的ＦＡＳＴＢＵＳ－ＣＡＭＡＣ混合数据采集系统为例，介绍了ＦＡＳＴＢＵＳ总线的主要特点，功能模块、控制模块以及与ＰＣ的接口功能和控制方法，并对ＦＡＳＴＢＵＳ的具体应用进行了深入的分析。     

Some Characteristics of Interfaces between CAMAC and Small Computers

The typical CAMAC system is operated in conjunction with a small computer. In the usual case, the computer acts as a repository for data generated by CAMAC, and also controls and directs the CAMAC operations. This paper discusses some of the aspects of the hardware interface, and also some of the interaction between the computer and the CAMAC system.