熔融还原型熔体与Al2O3—C质耐火材料的相互使用

采用旋转法研究了不同条件下熔融原型熔体与Ａｌ２Ｏ３－Ｃ质耐火材料间的化学作用规律和相互作用机制及结构变化。结果表明，熔渣中ＦｅＯ和耐火材料的碳作用产生脱碳是耐火材料侵蚀的关键环节。尔后形成的低熔点化合物使耐火材料继续侵蚀，添加ＺｒＯ２可提高耐火材料的抗侵蚀能力。     

Fe—Mn合金脱氧能力的计算

本文在推导Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ合金熔体作用浓度计算模型的基础上，进一步计算了Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｏ系金属熔体平衡氧浓度，其结果与实验数据完全一致。     

熔融还原型熔体与Al_2O_3－C质耐火材料的相互作用

采用旋转法研究了不同条件下熔融还原型熔体与Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３－Ｃ质耐火材料间的化学作用规律和相互作用机制及结构变化。结果表明，熔渣中ＦｅＯ和耐火材料的碳作用产生脱碳是耐火材料侵蚀的关键环节。尔后形成的低熔点化合物使耐火材料继续侵蚀。添加ＺｒＯ＿２可提高耐火材料的抗侵蚀能力。     

关于Fe-Ni-O、Ni-Co-O和Fe-Cr-O熔体的氧溶解度

根据含化合物金属熔体结构的共存理论制定了Ｆｅ－ Ｎｉ－ Ｏ、Ｎｉ－ Ｃｏ－ Ｏ 和Ｆｅ－ Ｃｒ－ Ｏ 熔体的作用浓度计算模型,对其氧溶解度了分析,证明了氧溶解过程是一个复杂的化学反应过程,绝大部分氧参加形成金属氧化物的反应,极少部分氧以原子状态溶解于金属熔体中。     

铁浴煤氧喷射造气机理及动力学研究

本文对铁浴煤氧喷射造气反应机理进行了分析和考察，在此基础上建立了动力学模型，结果表明，射流氧使铁氧化成ＦｅＯ并弥散分布熔铁中，〔Ｃ〕与中间产物ＦｅＯ的反应是气化过程的主要反应。     

Fe—C—P,Fe—Mn—P,Fe—Si—P三元金属熔体作用浓度计算模型

根据含化合物的金属熔体结构的共存理论，推导了１６７３Ｋ下Ｆｅ－Ｃ－Ｐ、Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｐ、Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ－Ｐ三元金属熔体作用浓度计算模型。计算的磷的作用浓度与相应的实测磷活度相符合，从而证明所得模型可以反映Ｆｅ－Ｃ－Ｐ、Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－Ｐ、Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ－Ｐ三元熔体的结构本质。同时模型揭示了Ｃ、Ｍｎ、Ｓｉ的摩尔分数对磷的转换系数的影响规律。     

烧结过程FeO现场控制技术的研究

对烧结矿ＦｅＯ含量的影响因素以及烧结矿ＦｅＯ含量与烧结矿产质量的关系进行了分析，提出了对烧结全过程的，动态因素进行控制的主要技术。     

烧结矿矿物组成,结构与冶金性能的关系

为了改善烧结矿的性能而进行了烧结矿矿组成、结构与冶金性能关系的研究。烧结矿的还原性不仅与烧结矿的矿物组成有关，还与烧结矿的孔隙度有关；而烧结矿的低温还原粉化性能主要与烧结矿中次生Ｆｅ２Ｏ３有关；为了改善烧结矿的软熔性能，应生产高碱度的含微孔的烧结矿，同时在烧结混合料中应配中适量的ＭｇＯ。     

CaO—SiO2—FeO—Fe2O3—MgO渣系MgO饱和溶解度的研究

根据熔渣结构的共存理论，建立了ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２－ＦｅＯ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－ＭｇＯ渣系作用浓度计算模型。分析了ＮＣａＯ、ＮＳｉＯ２、ＮＦｅＯ等对ＭｇＯ饱和溶解度的影响。在１５００－１７５０℃温度范围内，ＭｇＯ饱和溶解度的模型计算值与实测值一致。     

水热法制备不同形貌的α—Fe2O3细粉

以铁盐为原料，改变溶液组成勤中入晶体生长调节剂，在１００－２００℃水热条件下，制备出五种不同形貌的α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３细微粒子，通过密闭静态和动态两种水解过程，考察了不同原料、反应物浓度和搅拌对α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３粒子形貌和大小的影响。     

Kinetics of the reactions between silica and alumino-silicate refractories and molten iron

The rate of corrosion of silica and alumlno-silicate refractories in Armco iron melts at 1600°C was measured. A standard “immersion” technique was used under both static and dynamic conditions. It was found that the corrosion of the refractories in Armco iron melts was initially controlled by a chemical reaction process but changed rapidly to a steadystate, diffusion-controlled process. A liquid silicate product layer built up at the interface during the induction period. The steady-state rate of corrosion was independent of the oxygen content of the melt and was also found to be a linear function of the peripheral velocity of the refractory specimen. The rate of corrosion for the various refractories was measured and found to be controlled by diffusion of iron and oxygen in the silicate layer.     

Selecting optimal slag conditions in the blast furnace

In selecting the best chemical composition of slag melts, it is expedient to take account of their viscosity and electrical conductivity, which are structure-sensitive properties. The viscosity and electrical conductivity of blast-furnace slag are studied experimentally. To permit correct selection of the slag conditions in the blast furnace, a parameter is proposed for assessing the relation between the structural particles of the melt: the heterogenization temperature, which takes account of the viscosity and electrical conductivity of the slag melts. The discharge temperature of the slag from blast furnace 8 at PJSC ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih is measured. Comparison of the actual discharge temperature of the slag and the calculated heterogenization temperature for blast furnace 8 permits identification of the optimal slag basicity (CaO/SiO₂).     

Thermodynamics of Oxygen Solution in Fe–Ni Melts Containing Boron

Fe–Ni alloys are widely used in engineering today. They are sometimes alloyed with boron. Oxygen is a harmful impurity in Fe–Ni alloys. It may be present in dissolved form or as nonmetallic inclusions. The presence of oxygen in Fe–Ni alloys impairs their performance. Research on the thermodynamics of oxygen solutions in Fe–Ni melts containing boron is of considerable interest in order to improve alloy production. The present work offers a thermodynamic analysis of solutions of oxygen in Fe–Ni melts containing boron. The equilibrium constant of the reaction between boron and oxygen dissolved in the melt in such systems is determined. The activity coefficients at infinite dilution and the interaction parameters in melts of different composition are also calculated. When boron reacts with oxygen in Fe–Ni melts, the oxide phase contains not only B₂O₃ but also FeO and NiO. The mole fractions of B₂O₃, FeO, and NiO in the oxide phase are calculated for different boron concentrations in Fe–Ni melts at 1873 K. For iron melts with low boron content, the mole fraction of boron oxide is ~0.1. With increase in the nickel and boron content in the melts, the boron-oxide content in the oxide phase increases. Its mole fraction is close to one for pure nickel. The solubility of oxygen in Fe–Ni melts is calculated as a function of the nickel and boron content. The deoxidizing ability of the boron improve significantly with increase in nickel content in the melt. The curves of oxygen solubility in Fe?Ni melts containing boron pass through a minimum, which is shifted to higher boron content with increase in nickel content in the melt. The boron content at the minima on the curves of oxygen solubility are determined, as well as the corresponding minimum oxygen concentrations.     

钢包耐火材料对钢中氧含量及钢水温降的影响

利用氧势指数分析了钢包耐火材料组成、配比以及加热温度对耐火材料分解和向钢中传氧的影响,并利用热传导理论计算了钢包包衬耐火材料的绝热性能对钢水温降的影响.结果表明:随着耐火材料材质由碱性向中性和酸性的顺序变化及温度的升高,耐火材料的氧势指数增大,由耐火材料向钢中的传氧能力增加;通过使用绝热性能良好的耐火材料,可以显著降低...     

Density and surface tension of a concentrated lead melt in nickel

The influence of a lead impurity on the properties of metallic melts in the composition range that obeys Henry’s law is studied. The formation of the structural and physicochemical properties of real concentrated melts can be traced from changes in the temperature and concentration dependences of structure-sensitive properties, namely, density and surface tension. The surface properties of a solution depend on its volume properties and differ from them in enhancement effect. The lead saturation of the nickel melt is found to be accompanied by a compression effect (decrease in the melt volume), which is enhanced to a certain lead concentration. As this concentration is exceeded, the compression effect weakens because of volume separation and the appearance of an excess lead phase. As the lead content in a nickel base increases, the surface tension decreases, a second phase forms, and the melt undergoes separation.     

Viscosity of Co–B melts

The temperature and concentration dependences of the kinematic viscosity of Co–B melts with a boron content up to 50 at % are studied by torsional vibrations. The viscosity polytherms are satisfactorily described by the Arrhenius equation. An increase in the viscosity with an increase in the boron content from 15 to 36 at % is observed in the concentration dependence of the viscosity. The viscosity of the melt is almost independent of the boron content in concentration ranges of 0–15 and 36–50 at %. The concentration dependence of the melt viscosity of the system is calculated using various equations. The best coincidence with the experimental data is obtained for the calculation using the Kaptay equation.     

Measurement of viscosity,density and surface tension of metal melts

A modified procedure for measuring viscosity, surface tension and density of metallic melts, using a gas bubble viscosimeter, is presented. The principle of measurement is based on the relation between rate of ascent of a gas bubble in the melt and the melt viscosity. The rate of bubble ascent is determined by registering the moment of detachment by pressure measurement in the lance and the moment of arrival of the bubble at the melt surface by video film and an image processing system. The procedure is tested and the limits of its application are determined by comparative measurements on reference metals. After tests on reference metals, measurements are taken of the viscosity, density and surface tension of Al-Cu alloys in the temperature range 960 – 1465 K with copper contents of 12.23 to 58.5%. The relationships between these values and temperature and composition of the melt are investigated, and corresponding approximation formulae derived.     

Thermodynamics of the oxygen solutions in boron-containing Fe–Co melts

A thermodynamic analysis of the oxygen solutions in boron-containing Fe–Co melts has been performed. The equilibrium constant of reaction between boron and oxygen, which are dissolved in iron–cobalt melts; the activity coefficients at infinite dilution; and the interaction parameters for melts differing in composition have been determined. The oxide phase formed in the Fe–Co melts containing boron and oxygen comprises FeO and CoO along with the B₂O₃ phase. The oxide phase compositions over Fe–Co–B–O melts are calculated. As the cobalt and boron contents in the melts increase, the mole fraction of boron oxide increases; in the case of pure cobalt, it is close to unity. The dependences of the oxygen solubility on the cobalt and boron contents in the melts are calculated. The deoxidizing capacity of boron substantially increases as the cobalt content in a melt increases. The composition dependences of the oxygen solubility in boron-containing Fe–Co melts have a minimum, which shifts to a low boron content as the cobalt content in the melts increases. The boron contents corresponding to the minimum in the oxygen solubility curves and the minimum oxygen concentrations corresponding to the boron contents are determined.     

Oxygen Solubility in Fe–Co Melts Containing Carbon

In thermodynamic analysis of solutions of oxygen in Fe–Co melts containing carbon, the equilibrium constants of reactions between carbon and oxygen are determined, as well as the activity coefficients at infinite dilution and the interaction parameters in melts of different composition at 1873 K. The dependence of oxygen solubility in such melts on the cobalt and carbon content is calculated. In iron–cobalt melts, carbon has high oxygen affinity. The deoxidizing ability of carbon increase significantly with increase in cobalt content in the melt. In pure cobalt, it is more than an order of magnitude greater than in pure iron. Deoxidation by carbon produces gaseous oxides: carbon monoxide (CO) and dioxide (CO₂). The reaction of carbon and oxygen dissolved in the melt and hence the deoxidizing ability of carbon depend on the total gas pressure above the melt. Decrease in gas pressure significantly improves the reducing properties of carbon. The minimum oxygen concentration for alloys of the same composition is reduced by practically an order of magnitude with tenfold decrease in the total gas pressure. The gas composition above Fe–Co melts and the equilibrium carbon and oxygen concentrations in the melt are calculated with total gas pressures of 1.0, 0.1, and 0.01 atm. The optimal oxygen concentration (1–10 ppm) in Fe–Co melts is reached at carbon concentrations between 0.01 and 1% depending on the total gas pressure (0.01–1 atm). The solubility of oxygen in iron–cobalt melts containing carbon passes through a minimum, which is shifted to lower carbon content with increase in the melt’s cobalt content. Further additions of carbon increase the oxygen concentrations in the melt. With increase in cobalt content, this increase will be sharper.