镁合金的特点及其新技术发展

阐述了镁合金材料性能、特点和应用领域;论述了镁合金材料的发展现状和前景;重点介绍了镁合金真空压铸技术和镁合金板料成型技术。     

镁合金腐蚀与防护研究现状及进展

镁合金的腐蚀问题是制约镁合金应用的主要瓶颈因素。本文介绍了镁合金腐蚀的特点，并综述了镁合金腐蚀与防护的研究现状和进展。     

镁合金触变成形技术在壳罩产品上的应用

介绍镁合金的特点和镁合金在壳罩产品上的应用状况;对镁合金触变注射成形产品与镁合金压铸产品的特点进行比较,列举了一些镁合金触变注射成形零件及其特点。说明镁合金触变注射成形技术有很好的市场前景。     

主要稀土元素对镁合金组织和性能的影响

介绍了几种常用镁合金,并说明了稀土元素加入到这些镁合金中,对其组织和性能的影响。讨论了Ce、Y、Nd、Sc等主要稀土元素在镁合金中细化晶粒、提高镁合金力学性能的机理。对稀土镁合金的应用和发展进行了评价和展望。     

变形镁合金AZ31的研究进展

综述了国内外AZ31镁合金的研究进展.分别介绍了AZ31镁合金组织、力学性能及变形行为研究现状,讨论了合金元素对AZ31镁合金的影响,并对变形镁合金AZ31耐蚀性的相关研究进行了总结.最后对AZ31镁合金的发展前景进行了分析.     

镁合金的发展及其应用

镁合金质量轻、比强度和比刚度高以及良好的铸造性能、电磁屏蔽和减振性能等特点,使镁合金成为当今工业产品应用增长速度最快的金属材料。随着镁合金应用领域不断扩大,新型镁合金的研究与开发也不断涌现。本文综述了镁合金的性能特点,应用及其发展趋势,分析了我国镁合金行业的现状与发展前景。     

改善变形镁合金塑性的研究进展

综述了变形镁合金的基本塑性变形特征,变形镁合金常温下因塑性较差限制其发展,故改善变形镁合金的塑性成为变形镁合金研究与应用中急需解决的重点.细化晶粒、提高变形温度和超塑性变形等方法可以显著提高变形镁合金的塑性,本文介绍了以上2种方法改善变形镁合金塑性的最新研究进展.     

异步轧制技术及其在镁合金中的应用研究现状

变形镁合金塑性加工是目前镁合金研究的前沿领域。介绍了镁合金作为结构件的优越性及其应用受到限制的原因；综述了异步轧制技术的机理、特点、研究及应用情况；从开展塑性加工新技术的研究出发，对目前变形镁合金的异步轧制研究情况进行了论述，异步轧制可减弱镁合金板材的基面织构，使其晶粒得到细化，提高其力学性能。如果异步轧制技术能够成功地应用于镁合金的成形，则可大大拓宽镁合金的实际应用领域。     

汽车镁合金车身设计

常温条件下对AZ61镁合金进行压缩变形实验,研究了镁合金材料的力学特性。采用镁合金结构对某轿车车身前端进行轻量化的改进设计,显著降低了车身质量。用有限元方法分别对原车身和镁合金车身的刚度和模态进行了计算和对比,对原车和镁合金车身的正面碰撞进行模拟计算和对比验证。结果表明镁合金车身的刚度、模态和碰撞的安全性满足使用的要求。     

镁合金压铸的应用前景之探讨

讨论了国内镁合金压铸的应用现状，发展镁合金压铸的优势与前景，介绍了国内外发达国家和地区镁合金压铸的发展，提出了镁合金压铸仍需解决的问题。     

Histochemical and ultrahistochemical localization of heavy metals in calf organs

Cadmium, zinc, selenium, and copper were administered, singly or in combination, orally or subcutaneously. Experiment I included 32 calves of both sexes; six received Cd (two groups), Zn, Cd, and Zn, and Cd and Se (two groups) and one group was a control. In Experiment II (21 bulls), three were given Cd, Cd, and Cu, and Cd and Zn, respectively, and one group was a control. For light microscopy, in Experiment I the highest amounts of silver granules were present in the samples of liver, small intestine, and vesicular gland of all the exposed groups; in Experiment II the most affected organs were liver, kidney, and small intestine. For electron microscopy, in Experiment I, after administration of Cd and Zn, the highest amounts of granules were seen in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules and the lowest amounts were found in glandular cells of the pancreas. Administration of Cd and Se resulted in the presence of large numbers of granules in the nuclei and nucleoli of spermatogonies. In Experiment II, ingestion of Cd and Zn in feed led to the appearance of highest amounts of granules in the nucleoli, nuclei, and cytoplasm of cells in testes, kidneys, and pancreas. Following Cd intake, the highest accumulation of granules was observed in the nucleoli of hepatocytes and cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules. Combined Cd and Cu produced the highest number of granules in cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules and in the nucleoli and nuclei of germinal epithelium.     

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF NOVEL ACTIVE ACTUATOR TO CONTROL LOW FREQUENCY VIBRATIONS OF SHAFT SYSTEM

Aiming at providing with high-load capability in active vibration control of large-scale rotor system, a new type of active actuator to simultaneously reduce the dangers of low frequency flexural and torsional vibrations is designed. The actuator employs electro-hydraulic system and can provide a high and circumferential load. To initialize new research, the characteristics of various kinds of active actuators to control rotor shaft vibration are briefly introduced. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the preliminary results via presenting the structure, functions and operating principles, in particular, the working process of the electro-hydraulic system of the new actuator which includes a set of high speed electromagnetic valves and a series of sloping cone-shaped openings, and presenting the transmission relationships among the control parameters from control signals into the valves to active load onto shaft. The course of the work is dynamic, and a series of spatial forces and moments are put on the shaft to get an external resultant force to reduce excitations that induce vibration of shafts. By checking states of vibration, the actuator can control the impulse width and the interval of injection time for applying different control force to a vibration shaft in two circumference directions through the regulating action of a set of combination directional control valves. The results from simulating analysis and experiment show evidence of that this design can satisfy the case of active process of decreasing of flexural and torsional vibrations.     

软体足式机器人驱动、建模与仿真研究综述

软体足式机器人因其优越的移动性能及面对复杂地形的通过能力受到越来越多研究者的关注。由于受到材料性质、驱动方法及制造工艺等多方面的限制,如何实现软体足式机器人的创新结构设计,提升软体机器人的运动速度和负载能力是目前亟待解决的问题之一。综述从仿生结构与驱动方法的角度对目前软体足式机器人的研究发展进行了系统阐述。由于软体机器人多为连续变形结构,加之软材料的物理非线性和软结构变形的几何非线性,力学建模与仿真一直是软体机器人研究领域的瓶颈。梳理了目前软体机器人的主要建模理论,总结了软体机械臂的建模与控制方法,进一步将其拓展到软体足式机器人的系统建模中。介绍了传统商业软件的应用与物理仿真引擎开发的进展,分析了软体机器人虚拟仿真的主要方法,展望了软体足式机器人的应用场景与未来研究方向。     

缩口扩口复合成型工艺研究与应用

针对铁路车辆罐车零件锥管缩口、扩口的成型特点,用冲压成型缩口、扩口的力学分析及变形原理进行工艺计算与研究,找出该零件废品率高的原因。通过改进工艺毛坯（钢管）的外径与壁厚尺寸,用冲压成型缩口、扩口工艺理论及图表进行论证分析,并进行试制,取得了较好的效果。     

气化炉三维扫描测量与数据处理

以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可.     

增压器涡轮叶片疲劳蠕变寿命预测方法

根据径流式增压器涡轮的结构与工作特点,分析了涡轮叶片的载荷与应力空间分布特征;针对增压器涡轮由疲劳与蠕变交互作用引起的叶根断裂失效模式,研究了增压器涡轮叶片叶根的载荷与应力变化历程,建立了涡轮叶片叶根的载荷与应力描述方法;然后建立了增压器涡轮叶片叶根疲劳蠕变寿命预测方法及模型,并运用建立的模型对增压器涡轮叶片叶根进行了寿命评估。     

二维运动平台气浮静压导轨承载性能计算与研究

为了进一步探索和研究气浮静压润滑支承机理及气浮静压导轨承载性能,提出并研制了一种具有气浮静压润滑支承的精密二维运动平台。结合气浮静压导轨的物理模型建立了其笛卡儿坐标系下的控制方程,采用有限差分方法和流量平衡原理对其控制方程进行了离散差分推导,运用超松弛迭代以及二分快速寻找收敛区间法对其承载性能进行数值计算并开展了实验研究。结果表明：气浮静压导轨承载性能受节流器类型的影响比较显著,多节流孔节流器的承载性能明显优于单节流孔节流器;供气压力对气浮静压导轨承载性能影响显著,供气压力越高其承载性能越强;同等条件下气浮静压导轨组合形式承载性能均优于单独形式承载性能;气浮静压导轨的承载性能实验测试结果和数值计算结果具有较好的一致性,验证了数值计算的有效性。相关研究对推动和促进气浮静压轴承和导轨在精密运动机构和测量设备的研究和工程应用具有较好的借鉴和指导意义。     

Mass spectrometry analysis of the influenza virus

The role of mass spectrometry to probe characteristics of the influenza virus, and vaccine and antiviral drugs that target the virus, are reviewed. Genetic and proteomic approaches have been applied which incorporate high resolution mass spectrometry and mass mapping to genotype the virus and establish its evolution in terms of the primary structure of the surface protein antigens. A mass spectrometric immunoassay has been developed and applied to assess the structure and antigenicity of the virus in terms of the hemagglutinin antigen. The quantitation of the hemagglutinin antigen in vaccine preparations has also been conducted that is of importance to their efficacy. Finally, the characterization and quantitation of antiviral drugs against the virus, and their metabolites, have been monitored in blood, serum, and urine. The combined approaches demonstrate the strengths of modern mass spectrometric methods for the characterization of this killer virus. [This article was published online 10 September 2008. An error was subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print versions to indicate that both have been corrected 7 November 2008.]     

基于中间件的MES与BOM信息集成方式研究

以某飞机工业集团的复合材料公司MES系统研发为背景,分析了MES系统同PDM系统集成的必要性,探讨了信息集成的2种方式——基于XML中间文件的集成和基于企业服务总线的集成方式。详细论述了这2种集成方式实现MES系统与PDM系统间的集成过程,并分析了二者之间的优缺点。在进一步研究中间件集成技术的基础上,系统通过XML文档库和Websphere消息代．理宴聊．了MFS与BOM之间信熙的集成．     

覆膜铁熔融覆膜过程界面传热与熔膜填充行为研究

覆膜铁是金属包装领域的新型复合材料。成品覆膜铁的界面结合强度和水透性取决于覆膜过程中高聚物薄膜熔融层的厚度和流动铺展行为。但覆膜过程复杂而迅速，且受钢板表面微观形貌影响，熔融层膜厚及其流动铺展行为难以精细调控。针对此，基于分形理论表征与重构基板带钢表面微观形貌；基于广义Maxwell模型试验建立聚合物膜的黏弹性本构关系；建立了考虑基板带钢表面微观形貌的覆膜过程有限元仿真模型，并试验验证了模型的准确性。研究表明，熔融层膜厚主要受基板带钢初始预热温度影响，界面填充率则主要受覆膜辊压力影响。高聚物膜熔融层厚度和界面填充率随基板带钢粗糙度降低以及基板带钢和覆膜辊初始预热温度增加而增加，且辊压力增加也导致界面填充率增加。这些规律被定量化描述，为精细化调控熔融层膜厚及其流动铺展行为提供了理论依据。