不对称转子系统的参激强迫振动

研究不对称转子系统的参激强迫振动,先用Hamilton原理导出运动微分方程,这是刚度系数周期性变化的参数激励和强迫激励振动方程,再用多尺度法研究1／2亚谐共振－主共振,求得平均方程,分叉响应方程和定常解,讨论了刚度不对称性,质量偏心以及外阻尼对幅频响应的影响,刚度不对称性,质量偏心都能增大不稳定区,而外阻尼能使共振振幅减小,最后用稳定性理论分析分叉响应方程和定常解的稳定性。     

参数激励非线性压电梁的振动稳定性

研究了参数激励压电梁的振动稳定性,考虑非线性阻尼的影响,采用Hamilton变分原理推导结构运动方程,采用多尺度法求解稳态响应幅值。通过数值算例分析了电压、轴向力以及非线性阻尼等因素对定常解稳定性的影响。通过分析可见,外加电压与压电层上下表面电势差的差值△V主要影响自变量σ／ω的取值区间,对定常解的稳定性影响较小;梁所承受的轴力越小,定常解稳定区间越大;非线性阻尼的常数项和二次项系数越大,定常解稳定区间越大。     

经典式Spar平台垂荡-纵摇耦合混沌运动研究

该文基于Lyapunov指数研究经典式Spar平台主体垂荡-纵摇非线性耦合的混沌运动。建立了规则波浪中平台主体垂荡-纵摇耦合非线性微分方程,以经典式Spar平台为例,数值计算了响应的最大Lyapunov指数谱及分岔图,在波高和波浪频率构成的平面上,计算了平台不稳定纵摇运动的参数域。结果表明,平台运动形式对波浪激励频率非常敏感,随着波浪频率的改变,Spar平台发生1/2亚谐运动、概周期运动,当波浪频率接近垂荡固有频率时,发生混沌运动。     

基于增量谐波平衡方法的Spar平台垂荡纵摇耦合内共振响应研究

针对经典的Spar平台垂荡纵摇耦合运动问题,为解决传统小参数摄动方法和时间步进分析方法的不足,提出将增量谐波平衡方法(Incremental Harmonic Balance Method,IHBM)应用于研究其内共振响应特性。根据Floquet稳定性分析理论,对周期解的稳定性和分叉特性进行分析;在此基础上,通过将该方法与增量弧长法相结合,实现了快速、连续获得Spar平台垂荡纵摇耦合周期运动响应的目的;将IHBM计算结果与时域模拟和多尺度法计算结果进行对比,验证了该方法的准确性和高效性,该方法能够准确预测当波浪激励力频率满足一定条件,系统发生内共振时引起的纵摇不稳定运动现象。对于垂荡纵摇耦合产生的概周期运动,该方法结合Floquet理论能准确预测其发生的参数区间,从而为该周期运动的分析提供良好的基础。     

Winkler地基上四边自由矩形薄板的主共振与奇异性

通过Galerkin方法，将Winkler地基上四边自由受横向简谐激励矩形薄板的控制微分方程转化为非线性振动方程。应用非线性振动的多尺度法，求得了系统满足主共振情况时的一次近似解以及对应的定常运动，并对其进行数值计算，分析了激振力、调谐值、阻尼系数、非线性参数对系统的影响。对主共振定常运动分岔响应方程进行了奇异性分析，得到了开折参数平面的转迁集和分岔图。揭示了一些新的动力学现象。     

新型漂浮式风力机Spar平台动态响应及系泊研究

提出漂浮式风力机Spar平台安装螺旋布置扰流片的设计方法，通过对水动力学软件AQWA的二次开发，实现风波作用下浮式风力机动态响应的求解，对比研究扰流片螺旋布置高度对漂浮式风力机Spar平台动态响应的影响以及对扰流片平台安装系泊配重后对平台动态响应与系泊张力的影响。结果表明：扰流片平台的辐射阻尼较原平台在纵荡、垂荡、纵摇方向上均有所提升；扰流片平台的纵荡、垂荡、纵摇幅值响应算子较原平台均有所降低；随扰流片布置高度提升对平台纵摇方向运动响应抑制效果最好、垂荡方向次之。在风波耦合作用下，扰流片能够降低平台纵荡、纵摇响应，一定程度上抑制垂荡运动响应；安装扰流片可降低风力机转子推力、平台系泊张力有所上升；对系泊安装配重浮筒，在有效降低系泊张力的同时能够抑制平台纵荡、垂荡运动响应，对纵摇运动影响较小。     

复合材料层合板的非线性组合共振特性及分岔

考虑几何非线性项和阻尼的影响, 给出了四边简支的正交各向异性矩形层合板在两项横向简谐激励作用下的非线性振动微分方程, 利用伽辽金法导出了相应的达芬型非线性强迫振动方程。应用多尺度法对组合共振问题进行求解, 得到了系统在稳态运动下的幅频响应方程。基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论, 得到了解的稳定性判定条件。通过数值算例, 分析了不同参数对系统组合共振及其分岔特性的影响。结果表明, 随着调谐参数、板厚度、阻尼系数以及激励力等参数的改变, 系统存在多幅值现象、滞后现象和跳跃现象, 出现不稳定解, 且在某些参数点处具有运动性态发生变化的分岔特性, 表现出较为复杂的动力学特性。      

深水半潜式平台Mathieu不稳定问题研究

半潜式平台的垂荡运动相对较大, 当平台的纵摇固有有周期和垂荡固有周期处于一定的倍数关系时, 平台的纵摇/横摇运动可能落入Mathieu不稳定区。该文对半潜式平台Mathieu 方程进行了推导, 获得了各参数的计算公式;根据Mathieu不稳定图谱或数值计算方法, 可判断纵摇/横摇运动的稳定性。选取了一个生存状态下的半潜式平台为算例, 分析了平台发生Mathieu 不稳定问题的条件, 并通过调整关键参数抑制不稳定问题的发生, 从而获得了避免Mathieu不稳定问题的工程措施, 为今后半潜式平台设计提供参考。     

含有分数阶阻尼的SD振子系统非线性动力学响应特征研究

研究受简谐激励含分数阶阻尼的SD振子系统的幅频响应特性,并与含整数阶阻尼的SD振子系统对比。提出求解系统运动微分方程刚度非线性的傅里叶等效模型,解决了系统运动微分方程刚度非线性不可积问题。使用平均法求解等效系统运动微分方程,得到幅频响应解析表达式,基于Lyapunov稳定性理论与Routh判据建立周期解稳定性判断条件,通过与数值方法结果对比,验证了幅频响应解析方法的正确性。研究表明,SD振子系统非线性刚度项的傅里叶等效模型可以应用于系统大振幅运动的研究,大大提高了计算精度。阻尼系数相同时,分数阶阻尼系统的幅频响应与整数阶阻尼系统相比其共振频率及振幅发生了很大的变化;改变分数阶系数,会改变分数阶阻尼系统幅频响应骨架曲线,整数阶阻尼系统幅频响应骨架曲线不受影响;改变分数阶阶次时,分数阶阻尼系统振幅在分界点两侧变化相反。     

含平方阻尼项的Mathieu-Duffing系统混沌与分岔研究

旨在研究含平方阻尼项Mathieu-Duffing系统的共振与混沌。利用多尺度法探究系统在参数和受迫联合激励作用下主共振的幅频与相频特性。基于Lyapunov第一方法给出定常解的稳定性条件并判定系统存在的周期解支。依据系统异宿轨道参数方程推导系统出现异宿轨道横截相交及系统发生混沌的必要条件。根据分岔图、相轨迹图以及Poincare截面研究激励幅值与激励频率对系统进入混沌运动性态的影响,证实激励频率与激励幅值的变化均可导致系统经倍周期分岔进入混沌状态。     

Transient flow in response to a pressure pulse in gas chromatography

The analysis of flow through a gas chromatography column has traditionally assumed the presence of steady-state conditions. However, when rapid changes in inlet pressure are introduced, a significant transient period is observed, leading to a failure of the steady-state model. Through the introduction of a one-dimensional continuity equation into the basic set of equations, a nonlinear partial differential equation is derived to describe the evolution of pressure profiles in a capillary gas chromatography column. A numerical solution is used to solve the differential equation for the case of a pulse injection under isothermal conditions, and comparisons with experimental holdup and retention times show very good agreement.     

二次非线性粘弹性圆板的2/1超谐解

计及材料的非线性弹性和粘性性质,研究了圆板在简谐载荷作用下的2/1超谐解,导出了相应的非线性动力方程。提出一类强非线性动力系统的叠加迭代谐波平衡法。将描述动力系统的二阶常微分方程,化为基本解为未知函数的基本微分方程;及分岔解为未知函数的增量微分方程。通过叠加迭代谐波平衡法得出了圆板的2/1超谐解。同时,对叠加迭代谐波平衡法和数值积分法的精度进行了比较。并且讨论了2/1超谐解的渐近稳定性。     

Noninvasive determination of the optical properties of two-layered turbid media

Light propagation in two-layered turbid media having an infinitely thick second layer is investigated in the steady-state, frequency, and time domains. A solution of the diffusion approximation to the transport equation is derived by employing the extrapolated boundary condition. We compare the reflectance calculated from this solution with that computed with Monte Carlo simulations and show good agreement. To investigate if it is possible to determine the optical coefficients of the two layers and the thickness of the first layer, the solution of the diffusion equation is fitted to reflectance data obtained from both the diffusion equation and the Monte Carlo simulations. Although it is found that it is, in principle, possible to derive the optical coefficients of the two layers and the thickness of the first layer, we concentrate on the determination of the optical coefficients, knowing the thickness of the first layer. In the frequency domain, for example, it is shown that it is sufficient to make relative measurements of the phase and the steady-state reflectance at three distances from the illumination point to obtain useful estimates of the optical coefficients. Measurements of the absolute steady-state spatially resolved reflectance performed on two-layered solid phantoms confirm the theoretical results.     

Micro-slot injection into a boundary layer driven by a favourable pressure gradient

This study aims to investigate the nonlinear forced vibration of functionally graded (FG) nanobeams. It is assumed that material properties are gradually graded in the direction of thickness. Nonlocal nonlinear Euler–Bernoulli beam theory is used to derive nonlocal governing equations of motion. The linear eigenmodes of FG nanobeams are used to transform a partial differential equation of motion into a system of ordinary differential equations via the Galerkin method. The multiple scale method is used to find the governing equations of the steady-state responses of FG nanobeams excited by a distributed harmonic force with constant intensity. It is also assumed that the working frequency is close to three times greater than the lowest natural frequency. Based on the equation governing the linear natural frequencies of FG nanobeams, the influence of the small scale parameter, material composition, and stiffness of the foundation on the linear relationship among natural frequencies is studied. Results show that superharmonic response or a combination of resonances may occur as well as a subharmonic response depending on the power-law index and stiffness of the foundation. Then the governing equations of a steady-state response of FG nanobeams for four possible solutions are obtained depending on the value of the small scale parameter. It is shown that the simplest response of FG nanobeams is a subharmonic response or superharmonic response. The equations governing the frequency–response curves are obtained and the effects of the power-law index and small scale parameter on them are discussed.     

受横向约束的细长无重管柱在压扭组合作用下的后屈曲分析

井眼中管往的屈曲，将会使钻井、采油生产等作业难以顺利进行，弄清管柱屈曲后的特性对石油工程有重要的实际意义。本文首先建立了受横向约束的管往在轴向载荷和扭矩的作用下的屈曲平衡方程；并对所得四阶非线性常微分方程进行了分析、求解。结果表明，在特定边界条件下，受压扭组合作用的管柱屈曲构形为精确的圆柱螺旋线；并进而得到了管柱屈曲变形与载荷之间的解析关系；本文结果退化后与文献所得结果一致；最后讨论了管柱所受扭矩对螺旋屈曲行为的影响和扭矩对螺旋旋向的影响。     

Numerical analysis of the steady-state behaviour of a MOS field effect transistor

A numerical scheme is developed to simulate the non-isothermal steady-state behaviour of a MOS field effect transistor. In a desire to develop a fast, stable numerical scheme, physical instabilities were eliminated by using a simplified device model. The numerical technique developed permits a computer solution of the majority carrier transport equation, the nonlinear heat conduction equation, in which the heat generation term is obtained from the solution of the transport equation, and a number of auxiliary differential equations. The simplified model of the MOS transistor adopted will not, of course, produce any information on the actual operation of the short channel MOS transistor of practical interest today, but the numerical scheme can be extended to simulate short channel models that are of great practical interest.     

Analytical modeling of liquid sloshing in a two-dimensional rectangular tank with a slat screen

Potential-flow theory is employed with linear free-surface conditions, multimodal method, and a screen-averaged pressure-drop condition to derive an analytical modal model describing the two-dimensional resonant liquid motions in a rectangular tank with a vertical slat-type screen in the tank middle. The tank is horizontally excited in a frequency range covering the two lowest natural sloshing frequencies. The model consists of a system of linear ordinary differential [modal] equations responsible for liquid sloshing in compartments, as well as a nonlinear ordinary differential equation describing the liquid flow between the compartments. New experimental model tests on steady-state wave elevations near the tank wall are reported for the solidity ratios 0.328 ?? Sn ?? 0.963 where Sn is the ratio between the solid area and the full area of the screen. The experiments generally support the applicability of the model. The discrepancy can be explained by the free-surface nonlinearity. The screen acts as a damping mechanism for low and intermediate solidity ratios, but it causes an increase in the lowest resonant sloshing frequency at higher solidity ratios as if the screen had been replaced by an unperforated wall.     

An iterative procedure for the oscillatory laminar boundary layer

The problem of small sinusoidal oscillations imposed on a stagnation point flow is considered. This leads to an ordinary differential equation which, in the high frequency limit, has a simple solution. An iterative method (involving a linear integral operator) is developed, starting from this basic solution. This scheme, performed numerically, is ‘under-relaxed’ and this renders it applicable to as wide a frequency range as possible: convergence criteria are discussed in terms of the relaxation parameter. The streamwise velocity profiles computed are compared with those given by an independent method.