高频彩超诊断颈部淋巴结肿大的临床应用价值

目的通过观察不同病因所致颈部淋巴结肿大的声像图特征,探讨高频彩超对颈部淋巴结肿大的临床应用价值。方法对76例因颈部淋巴结肿大就诊的患者,采用二维高频结合彩色多普勒超声观察肿大淋巴结的大小、形态、纵径/横径(L/S)值、内部回声及CDFI特征。结果 76例颈部淋巴结肿大的患者,非特异性反应性淋巴结肿大24例,急性淋巴结炎17例,恶性淋巴瘤9例,转移性淋巴结肿大17例,结核性淋巴结肿大9例。超声诊断符合率为94.7%。误诊4例,误诊率为5.3%。结论应用高频彩超对颈部肿大淋巴结进行检测,能明显提高诊断符合率,并对肿大淋巴结的性质鉴别诊断具有重要临床应用价值。     

高频超声联合彩色多普勒在乳腺肿块诊断中的价值

目的探讨二维超声及彩色多普勒超声在乳腺肿块鉴别诊断方面的临床应用价值。方法对125例经手术病理证实的乳腺肿块病例对照二维声像图特征、周边及内部血流、进行回顾性观察和分析。结果乳腺良、恶性肿块在肿瘤形态、边界、边缘回声、内部回声、衰减、钙化、血流分布方面具有显著差异性。结论乳腺肿块的超声诊断应以二维声像图为基础,同时结合彩色多普勒血流丰富程度,两者联合应用可提高超声对乳腺肿块的诊断符合率。     

二维高频结合彩色多谱勒超声诊断乳腺肿块180例分析

目的通过观察乳腺肿块的声像图特征,探讨二维高频结合彩色多谱勒超声对乳腺肿块鉴别诊断的价值。方法本文对180例经手术及病理证实的乳腺肿块的二维声像图特征及彩色多谱勒血流显像特点与病理学诊断进行回顾性对照分析。结果 180例乳腺肿块,良性肿块121例,占67.2%;乳腺癌52例,占28.9%;诊断符合率96.1%。误诊7例,误诊率3.9%,其中1例浆细胞性乳腺炎误诊为乳腺癌,1例异物性肉芽肿误诊为脂肪瘤,1例早期乳腺癌误诊为乳腺增生结节,1例纤维腺瘤误诊为浆细胞性乳腺炎,1例积乳囊肿误诊为乳腺癌,1例乳腺癌误诊为增生区,1例导管内乳头状瘤误诊为导管癌。结论应用二维高频超声加彩色多普勒对乳腺肿块进行检测,能明显提高诊断符合率,对肿块良恶性的鉴别诊断具有重要临床应用价值。     

从3385例乳腺彩超检查结果看妇女乳腺检查必要性

目的通过妇女乳腺彩超检查结果,分析妇女定期进行乳腺检查的必要性。方法对3385名40～60岁妇女进行乳腺彩超免费筛查,记录检查结果并分析各种异常情况患病率。结果各种乳腺异常者1264例,占37.3%,可疑恶性者65例,占1.9%。结论妇女乳腺疾病发病率高,人们乳腺保健意识差,应大力加强宣传力度(特别对边远山区),使广大妇女充分认识到,定期进行乳腺检查很有必要。     

高频超声对甲状腺结节的诊断与分析

由于高频超声及彩色多普勒的应用,对于甲状腺直径小于1.0cm的结节具有较高的敏感性,并且对甲状腺癌结节的诊断与鉴别诊断具有一定的临床意义。为此,对我院2004年至2007年间经手术、病理证实的甲状腺恶性肿瘤52例作回顾性分析,以提高对甲状腺癌的诊断准确率,减少误、漏诊率。     

Mammotome乳腺微创旋切系统在乳腺肿块诊断与治疗中的应用

为了探讨Mammotome乳腺肿块的治疗经验,对153例乳腺肿块患者的治疗进行了回顾性分析,体会到Mammotome对乳腺肿块的定性诊断及治疗,定位准确、恢复快、疗效好、安全可靠。     

高频超声对眼部疾病的诊断价值

目的 :探讨高频超声对眼部疾病的诊断价值。方法 :应用PHILIPS IU Elite高频彩色多普勒超声对60例95只患眼进行超声检查,检查结果与手术后或临床最终诊断进行对照。结果玻璃体混浊22例,视网膜脱离16例,白内障10例,脉络膜脱离7例,眼内异物2例,视网膜母细胞瘤1例,玻璃体后脱离2例。本组病例眼部疾病诊断符合率为97%,误诊率3%。结论 :高频超声对眼部疾病,尤其是对眼球疾病具有较高的诊断价值,为眼科临床提供可靠的诊断依据,是一种简便易行,非创伤性,诊断符合率高的辅助影像学方法,具有较高的实际应用价值,可以作为眼科疾病的常规检查手段,同时采取适当手段尽量避免和减少误诊和漏诊发生。     

浅表超声对乳腺微小钙化的观察与分析

目的:观察与分析浅表超声对乳腺微小钙化的检出情况.方法:回顾性分析124例乳腺肿块患者的临床资料,所有患者均经手术病理诊断和浅表超声检查,分析浅表超声对乳腺微小钙化的检出情况、良恶性病变的诊断符合率、检出乳腺微小钙化的病理类型.结果:124例乳腺肿块患者的乳腺微小钙化检出32例;其中良性病变4例,占7.14%;恶性病变28例,占41.18%;经χ2检验,乳腺肿块良性病变与恶性病变患者的乳腺微小钙化检出率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);浅表超声与手术病理诊断相符110例,占88.71%;其中良性病变符合率为87.50%(49/56),恶性病变符合率为89.71%(61/68);使用7.5MHz超声探头扫查,均能检出乳腺微小钙化病灶.结论:浅表超声对乳腺微小钙化的检出效果显著,钙化灶后不伴有声影作为诊断乳腺肿块恶性病变的重要依据.     

高频彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺肿瘤的诊断价值

目的探讨高频超声在甲状腺肿瘤诊断中的应用价值。方法采用高频超声对80例甲状腺肿瘤进行检查并诊断,全部患者经手术及病理证实。结果与病理对照,甲状腺腺瘤44例,病变诊断符合率97.8%,结节性甲状腺肿16例,病变诊断符合率94%。甲状腺癌17例病变诊断符合率94.5%。结论高频彩色多普勒超声由于其对甲状腺肿瘤的高分辨率、高敏感性,可于病变早期即可发现异常,是诊断甲状腺肿瘤的一项重要方法。     

高频超声诊断小儿肠系膜淋巴结炎的临床价值探讨

目的探讨高频超声对小儿肠系膜淋巴结炎的诊断及鉴别诊断价值。方法运用彩色多普勒超声对35例急性肠系膜淋巴结炎患儿进行全腹扫查,重点检查脐周及右下腹区域肠系膜有无肿大淋巴结,观察肠系膜淋巴结的大小、形态、数目、回声及血流分布等。结果35例患儿均在腹腔内肠间隙前、中、后方探及肿大肠系膜淋巴结,且多位于右中下腹,在肿大淋巴结内均有血流信号。结论高频超声对小儿腹腔内结构层次显示清晰,对肿大的淋巴结定位定性准确,并能为鉴别诊断提供依据,是诊断小儿肠系膜淋巴结炎的首选辅助检查方法。     

彩色多普勒超声对遗传性、出血性毛细血管扩张症的诊断价值

目的探讨遗传性、出血性毛细血管扩张症彩色多普勒的诊断价值。方法应用彩色多普勒超声对6例遗传性、出血性毛细血管扩张症患者的肝脏、肝内外血管及有关脏器进行扫查。结果 6例患者均累及肝脏,表现为腹腔动脉、肝动脉、肝固有动脉及肝内动脉迂曲扩张伴血流速度增快,且6例均发现肝内动脉-静脉瘘;1例同时合并肺动脉-静脉瘘;其中1例同时累及胃肠道,1例心脏增大。结论彩色超声多普勒对于累及肝脏的遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症的诊断有重要价值,对于累及胃肠道的病例的诊断有帮助,对于合并肺动脉-静脉瘘的病例,病变位于肺表面的肺动静脉瘘的诊断有帮助,彩色多普勒超声在此病的筛查、诊断及追踪观察等方面具有重要作用。     

彩色多普勒超声在布加综合征诊断中的价值

目的探讨布加综合征的超声声像图特征,特别是彩色多普勒超声的诊断价值。方法对22例经下腔静脉造影或经皮肝静脉穿刺造影确诊的布加综合征患者的超声检查进行回顾性分析。除常规二维超声表现外,重点记录患者的彩色多普勒超声特点,并以造影结果为金标准,计算超声诊断的敏感性和特异性。结果22例患者中,肝静脉狭窄或闭塞型5例(Ⅰ型),下腔静脉阻塞或闭塞型(Ⅱ型)15例,肝静脉和下腔静脉混合性病变(Ⅲ型)2例。二维声像图表现为肝静脉及下腔静脉管壁增厚,致狭窄或闭塞,肝静脉间交通支形成;彩色多普勒超声显示肝静脉、下腔静脉异常的血流情况;频谱多普勒超声显示肝静脉、下腔静脉低速、平坦、单向的血流流速曲线。本组彩超诊断正确率约90.91%。结论彩色多普勒超声检查可以确定布加综合征血管病变的部位、范围及类型,准确反映下腔静脉、尤其是肝静脉的血流方向及流速曲线的变化,对减少误诊为肝硬化提供可靠的诊断信息。     

膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的超声诊断价值

目的探讨超声对膝关节内侧副韧带(MCL)损伤的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析19例内侧副韧带不同类型损伤的声像图表现,并与手术及临床结果对照比较。结果11例内侧副韧带完全或部分撕裂伤的超声诊断与手术结果相符,8例挫伤经临床保守治疗前后超声对比观察证实超声检查与临床诊断相符。结论超声是诊断膝关节内侧副韧带损伤的一种可靠方法。     

胆囊腺肌症的超声诊断价值

目的探讨超声在诊断胆囊腺肌症中的临床应用价值。方法对我院2001年1月至2009年1月胆囊腺肌症手术患者33例进行术前超声检查与术后结果对照。结果术前超声确诊27例,误诊6例,超声诊断准确率为81.8%。结论对胆囊腺肌症超声可作为一种无创、安全、经济和可重复的检查手段,应用多切面的检查方法,仔细观察,可有效减少胆囊腺肌症的误诊。     

四维彩超在诊断胎儿畸形中的应用研究

目的探讨四维彩超在诊断胎儿畸形中的应用。方法对近3年来在本院使用四维彩超检查的2760例孕16～30周之间的孕妇进行胎儿产前诊断检查,检出各类异常胎儿39例,并经引产证实。结果脑积水6例,脑积水合并脊柱裂4例;无脑儿4例;全前脑5例;颈部水囊瘤2例;唇裂8例;四肢发育异常4例;内脏外翻3例;多系统复合畸形3例。结论四维彩超在孕期保健中,筛查胎儿畸形是安全、可靠、诊断符合率高的检查手段之一。     

Color control of Japanese soy sauce (shoyu) using membrane technology

The present study systemically decolorized soy sauce using a membrane process to analyze the separation mechanism. An ultrafiltration (UF) membrane (NTU-2120) exhibited only slight decolorization ability. A nanofiltration (NF) membrane with a lower molecular weight cut-off and produced by sulfonated polysulfone (NTR-7400 series) rather than polyvinyl alcohol/polyamide (NTR-7250) had higher decolorization ability. The NF membranes rejected total nitrogen by 17–24%, unsalted soluble solid content by 24–32%, reducing sugar by 25–43%, and amino acids by 10–25%. The NTR-7400 series membrane rejected lactic acid by 6–9%, and pyroglutamic acid by 11–21%; other quality indexes were maintained. In the NF membrane processes, higher rejection of acidic amino acids than neutral and base amino acids was observed. The separation performance was governed by the electrical effect as well as the sieve effect. Soy sauce color could be controlled by blending NF membrane-processed soy sauce with feed soy sauce. Color can be matched to preference in accordance with dishes by suitably blending NF membrane-processed soy sauce with feed soy sauce.     

Prognostic Value of Preoperative Serum Levels of Periostin (PN) in Early Breast Cancer (BCa)

PN is a secreted cell adhesion protein critical for carcinogenesis. Elevated serum levels of PN have been implicated as playing an important role in different types of cancer, and a few reports suggest a potential role as a prognostic marker. We evaluated the prognostic significance of preoperative serum PN concentration in patients with BCa receiving curative surgery. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the preoperative serum PN level in 182 patients. The correlations between serum PN concentration with clinical pathological features and PN expression in primary tumor samples were analyzed. The prognostic impact of serum PN levels with all-cause and BCa-specific mortality was also investigated. Appropriate statistics were used. Elevated serum PN levels were significantly associated with patient age (p = 0.005), adjuvant systemic therapy (p = 0.04) and progesterone receptor (PgR) status (p = 0.02). No correlation between PN preoperative serum levels and other clinical-pathological parameters, including either the epithelial or the stromal PN expression of primary tumor or the combination of the two, was found. Similarly, no association between serum PN levels and either all-cause or BCa-specific mortality was found. However, subgroup analysis revealed a correlation between higher PN serum levels and all-cause mortality in patients with node-negative disease (p = 0.05) and in those with a low PgR expression (p = 0.03). Higher levels of serum PN were also found to correlate with BCa-specific mortality in the subgroup of patients who did not receive any adjuvant systemic therapy (p = 0.04). Our findings suggest that PN was detectable in the serum of early BCa patients before surgery and increased base-line serum levels predicted worse long-term survival outcomes in specific subgroups of patients.     

乌司他丁和泰索帝对人乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231中uPA、uPAR、ERK表达的影响

目的探讨乌司他丁(Ulinastatin,UTI)和泰索帝(Taxotere,TXT)对体外培养的人乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231中u-PA、uPAR、ERK表达的影响。方法将MDA-MB-231(ER-)细胞分为4组:UTI组(UTI 800 U/ml)、TXT组(TXT 3.7μg/ml)、UTI+TXT组(UTI 800 U/ml+TXT 3.7μg/ml)、对照组(等量生理盐水)。给药后24 h,分别采用荧光定量RT-PCR检测各组细胞中uPA、uPAR、ERK基因mRNA的水平,Western blot法检测各组细胞中uPA、uPAR、p-ERK1/2蛋白的表达水平。结果 UTI组和UTI+TXT组MDA-MB-231(ER-)细胞中uPA和uPAR基因mRNA的水平均明显低于对照组(P<0.05),而TXT组中二者的表达水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),各组间ERK基因mRNA的水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);UTI组和UTI+TXT组中uPA、uPAR和p-ERK1/2蛋白的表达水平均明显低于对照组(P<0.01),而TXT组中3种蛋白的表达水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论UTI可抑制MDA-MB-231细胞中uPA、uPAR、p-ERK的表达,而TXT可上调三者的表达。     

Interrelation of the Swiss Colour Atlas (SCA-2541) and the Munsell Color Order System

The CIE tristimulus values of measured Swiss Colour Atlas samples were converted to Munsell notations using a colour notation conversion program. A selected subset of SCA-2541 sample points was chosen: the samples on the fully populated regularly spaced hues 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, and 60. The resulting Munsell notations were plotted onto Munsell Value-Chroma and Hue-Chroma planes and analysed for regularity of spacing and hue distribution around the achromatic axis. An earlier article has detailed the interrelation between the Natural Color System (NCS) and the Munsell Color Order System using similarly constructed charts. Comparison is made with the sample spacing of the NCS and SCA-2541 points when mapped into Munsell colour space, to determine similarities and differences between these two geometrically similar systems; both are double cones forming equilateral triangular constant hue planes. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 22, 111–120, 1997