苦荞蛋白对高血脂症小鼠降血脂及抗氧化功能研究

利用高脂饲料诱导小鼠高脂血症模型,对苦荞蛋白各组分进行体内降血脂及抗氧化功能研究。结果表明,苦荞蛋白各组分均具有不同程度的降血脂及体内抗氧化功能,其中清蛋白最强,球蛋白次之,谷蛋白最弱。与高脂模型组相比,苦荞清蛋白高、低剂量组和球蛋白高剂量组,均显著降低高脂血症小鼠血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(LDL-C) (P ＜ 0.05),显著提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(HDL-C) (P ＜ 0.05),有降血脂作用;同时清蛋白高低剂量组能显著降低高脂血症小鼠血清和肝脏脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量(P ＜ 0.05),显著增强血清和肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P ＜ 0.05)。     

黑米通过上调高脂高胆固醇膳食饲喂饲雌性小鼠小肠ABCG5/8和ABCA1表达降低胆固醇水平

研究黑米对高脂高胆固醇膳食饲喂雌性小鼠血脂水平及小肠胆固醇代谢相关基因调控的影响。将48只雌性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分成高脂对照组和三个实验组(高脂饲料中添加白米和黑米代替玉米淀粉),测定血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平,气相色谱法检测肝脏中胆固醇含量,Real-time PCR法分析调控小肠胆固醇代谢相关基因HMG-Co A-R、MTP、ABCG5/8、ABCA1、NPC1L1等的m RNA表达水平。与高脂组相比,黑米组血清中TC和TG含量较对照组极显著降低,但白米组血清中TC、TG、HDL-C含量较对照组无统计学差异。与高脂组相比,白米组小鼠肝脏中胆固醇含量无显著变化,黑米低剂量组显著降低(P0.05),黑米高剂量组极显著降低(P0.01)。Real-time PCR结果显示,与高脂组相比,黑米添加组ABCG5、ABCA1 m RNA表达水平均显著上调(P0.01),MTP m RNA表达水平均显著下调(P0.05);黑米低剂量组ABCG8 m RNA表达水平显著升高(P0.05),高剂量组上调极显著(P0.01);黑米低剂量组NPC1L1 m RNA表达水平降低(P0.05),高剂量组下调极显著(P0.01);黑米高剂量组HMG-Co A-Rm RNA表达水平显著降低(P0.05)。结果表明,黑米对高脂高胆固醇膳食饲喂小鼠胆固醇代谢平衡的调节,可能是通过增加小肠中胆固醇排泄并抑制固醇的吸收实现的。     

杂粮功能醋粉体内降血脂、辅助降血糖和抗氧化作用

通过喂食高脂饲料建立高脂血症小鼠模型,研究杂粮功能醋粉成分及其降血脂、降血糖和抗氧化作用。结果表明：杂粮功能醋粉能显著降低高血脂小鼠体内血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度（P＜0.05）,极显著提高小鼠体内血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度（P＜0.01）,显著降低小鼠肝脏中丙二醛含量,提高超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力（P＜0.05）,并具有一定降血糖作用。说明各剂量组杂粮功能醋粉可有效调节血脂血糖水平,提高抗氧化作用,且杂粮功能醋粉高剂量组效果明显优于其他组。     

燕麦馒头对高脂小鼠降血脂、抗氧化及保护肝脏作用的研究

研究燕麦发酵前后对高血脂小鼠血脂、抗氧化以及肝保护作用。雄性KM小鼠随机分为4组,每组12只,分别为正常对照组、高脂模型组、燕麦面条组、燕麦馒头组。6周后检测血清、肝脏中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平及抗氧化丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、还原谷胱甘肽(GSH)指标,同时观察肝组织损伤变化情况。燕麦馒头组小鼠血清及肝脏中TG、TC、LDL-C水平均显著(P0.05)或极显著(P0.01)降低,HDL-C水平显著升高(P0.05);与高脂模型组比较,肝脏中TC、TG、LDL-C分别下降46.43%、50%、45.95%,HDL-C上升32.08%,血清中TC、TG、LDL-C分别下降19.59%、30.81%、17.45%,HDL-C上升24.34%,燕麦馒头降低血脂效果在肝脏中更加明显。燕麦馒头组和燕麦面条组小鼠肝脏、血清中的SOD和GSH活性均显著(P0.05)或极显著(P0.01)升高,MDA含量显著(p0.05)或极显著(P0.01)降低,说明燕麦发酵前后均增强抗氧化能力,且发酵后抗氧化能力明显高于发酵前。病理学检测结果显示燕麦馒头具有减少高脂血症小鼠肝脏中脂质沉积的作用。燕麦发酵后对高血脂小鼠有显著降低血脂、抗氧化及降低肝损伤作用。     

发芽粟米对高血脂症小鼠血脂调节和抗氧化作用的研究

为探索发芽粟米对高血脂症小鼠血脂调节和抗氧化作用。用高脂乳剂灌胃小鼠建立高脂模型,观察发芽粟米对小鼠体重、肝指数变化、血清和肝脏血脂及抗氧化能力的影响。与高脂模型组相比,喂养发芽粟米的高血脂症小鼠,体重和肝脏指数均呈降低趋势;血清和肝脏血脂中,发芽粟米显著降低高血脂症小鼠中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平(P0.05),显著升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平(P0.05);血清和肝组织中,发芽粟米显著降低丙二醛(MDA)含量(P0.05),显著升高还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量(P0.05),增强超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P0.05);结果表明:发芽粟米可调节脂质代谢和提高抗氧化能力。     

紫苏籽油与红花籽油联合使用降血脂研究

通过饲喂高脂饲料诱导建立小鼠高脂血症模型,研究紫苏籽油与红花籽油等质量混合后对高脂血症小鼠血脂水平的影响,并与市售紫苏油软胶囊作比较。结果表明,紫苏籽油和红花籽油等质量混合后可以极显著降低高脂血症小鼠的胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)水平(p0.01)以及显著降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量(p0.05),能极显著升高总胆固醇中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的比例(HDL-C/TC)(p0.01),极显著降低动脉硬化指数(AI)(p0.01);其与紫苏油软胶囊组比较,效果更好。     

刺玫籽油及原花青素降血脂作用

通过动物实验对刺玫籽油和刺玫籽原花青素进行降血脂功能性研究。选用昆明雄性小鼠,通过高脂饲料饲喂建立高脂模型小鼠,分别经口灌胃刺玫籽油及原花青素5周后,检测分析小鼠血清及肝组织匀浆各项指标。结果显示,刺玫籽油及原花青素对小鼠体质量及主要脏器指数无显著影响;中剂量(100 mg/kg)、高剂量(200 mg/kg)的刺玫籽原花青素会显著降低高脂小鼠血清内低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量(P0.05),显著升高小鼠肝组织内超氧化物歧化酶活力、过氧化氢酶活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶水平(P0.05),显著降低肝组织内丙二醛水平;低剂量(80 mg/kg)刺玫籽油能显著降低高脂小鼠血清内甘油三酯水平(P0.05)及显著升高小鼠肝组织中过氧化氢酶活力(P0.05)。研究结果表明,低剂量的刺玫籽油和中、高剂量的刺玫籽原花青素对高脂血症小鼠有一定的降血脂作用。     

不同剂量鹅油对小鼠血脂代谢及抗氧化能力的影响

以昆明种小鼠为研究对象,研究了不同剂量的鹅油对小鼠血脂代谢及抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明:①与猪油组相比,低剂量鹅油组小鼠体重极显著性降低(P<0.01),中剂量鹅油组显著性降低(P<0.05),而高剂量鹅油组无显著性变化(P>0.05)。②与猪油组相比,低、中剂量鹅油组血浆总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)均有极显著性差异,低剂量鹅油组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的含量极显著性降低,中剂量鹅油组LDL-C的含量显著性降低,高剂量鹅油组TC、TG、HDL-C均有显著性差异,LDL-C有极显著性差异。③与猪油组相比,低、中剂量鹅油组血浆和肝脏中总抗氧化力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽氧化物酶(GSH-Px)极显著性升高,丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著性降低;高剂量鹅油组T-AOC、SOD、GSH-Px显著性升高,MDA显著性降低;低剂量鹅油组血浆和肝脏中过氧化氢酶(CAT)极显著性升高,中剂量鹅油组血浆和肝脏中CAT显著性升高;高剂量鹅油组血浆中CAT显著性升高,而肝脏中无显著性变化。④与猪油组相比,低、中、高剂量鹅油组血浆中肝脂酶(HL)显著性升高,脂蛋白脂肪酶(LPL)无显著性变化,中、低剂量鹅油组总脂酶显著性升高,而在高剂量鹅油组无显著性变化;中、低剂量鹅油组肝脏中HL、LPL和总脂酶极显著性升高;高剂量鹅油组HL、LPL和总脂酶显著性升高。⑤与猪油组相比,中、低剂量鹅油组动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)极显著性降低,高剂量鹅油组显著性降低。表明富含单不饱和脂肪酸鹅油能够调节小鼠血脂代谢,具有提高小鼠体内抗氧化和抗动脉粥样硬化功能。     

杨梅籽油抗氧化活性及其调节血脂作用的研究

研究了杨梅籽油的总抗氧化能力、清除羟基自由基、DPPH自由基能力及对血脂的调节作用,研究结果表明:杨梅籽油能有效地清除自由基,清除羟基自由基、DPPH自由基的IC50值分别为75.94、2.25 mg/mL;相比高脂模型组,杨梅籽油剂量组小鼠体重增加缓慢,肝脏指数显著降低,血清中总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平显著降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平极显著升高(P0.01)。杨梅籽油具有一定的抗氧化活性,具有显著调节血脂水平的作用,为杨梅籽油作为优质的小品种油开发利用奠定理论基础。     

山楂浓缩汁对高脂小鼠的拮抗作用及其机制初探

目的:研究山楂浓缩汁对高脂血症小鼠的降血脂作用。方法:将65只雄性小鼠随机分为5组,即溶剂对照组、模型对照组和10.0、15.0、20.0 mL/kg bw 3个山楂浓缩汁剂量组,连续喂养5周,测定小鼠血清中总胆固醇(T-CHO)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)和卵磷脂胆固醇脂酰基转移酶(LCAT)含量、全血和肝脏中丙二醛(MDA)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSHPX)、总抗氧化酶(T-AOC)活性、以及肝脏中一氧化氮(NO)和一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性等相关生化指标的含量。结果:连续灌胃5周后,15.0 mL/kg bw的山楂浓缩汁显著降低高脂血症小鼠血清中T-CHO、TG、LDL-C、VLDL-C含量(P0.05),极显著提高血清中HDL-C含量和LCAT活性(P0.01),极显著降低肝脏中TG、T-CHO、VLDL-C含量(P0.01);10.0 mL/kg bw的山楂浓缩汁显著降低肝脏和全血中MDA含量(P0.05),显著性增加了肝脏中GSH-PX、T-SOD活性(P0.05),显著性增加了全血中T-AOC、T-SOD活性(P0.05);15.0 mL/kg bw的山楂浓缩汁极显著提高了肝脏中NO含量和NOS活性(P0.01)。结论:山楂浓缩汁对高脂血症小鼠有一定的降血脂作用。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press