W6Mo5Cr4V2模具钢电化学抛光工艺的研究

采用电化学方法对W6Mo5Cr4V2电抛光工艺进行了研究.抛光溶液采用无铬酸盐的磷酸-硫酸体系,添加高分子聚乙二醇.抛光溶液组成为H3PO4(85%)500g,H2SO4硫酸(98%)130 g,聚乙二醇130 g,甘油30 g,工艺条件:75～95℃,阳极电流密度8～15 A·dm-2.研究结果表明:聚乙二醇能有效地形成粘膜,明显提高W6Mo5Cr4V2电抛光的效果.该工艺减少了环境污染,降低了成本,可以使W6Mo5Cr4V2表面达到镜面光亮的效果.     

W6Mo5Cr4V2模具钢电化学抛光工艺研究

采用电化学方法对W6Mo5Cr4V2电抛光工艺进行了研究。抛光溶液采用无铬酸盐的磷酸-硫酸体系,添加高分子聚乙二醇。抛光溶液组成为H3P04（85％）500gH2SO4硫酸（98％）130g聚乙二醇130g甘油30g工艺条件：75—95℃阳极电流密度8—15A．dm^-2研究结果表明，聚乙二醇能有效地形成粘膜，明显提高W6M05Cr4V2电抛光的效果，该工艺减少了环境污染。降低了溶液成本，可以使W6M05Cr4V2表面达到镜面光亮的效果。     

专利实例

电抛光溶液两则　2 0 0 4 30 1 　不锈钢电抛光溶液该电抛光溶液组成为:40 %～80 %的硫酸和磷酸;1 0 %～30 %蛋白质以及含蛋白质化合物3～1 0 0g/L;该溶液中还含有糖类和类脂类。糖类与蛋白质的质量比为0 .1以上。该溶液价格低廉,用于不锈钢表面的电解液抛光,可以大大改善不锈钢表面的粗糙度。(日本专利) 2 0 0 0 0 2 70 0 0 - A ( 2 0 0 0 - 0 1 - 2 5 )2 0 0 4 30 2 　　不锈钢和镍合金电抛光溶液发明了一种适合于抛光不锈钢和镍合金的电解液。该电抛光溶液系一种混合物,其组成为:乙醇酸1 5 2～5 38g/kg;硝酸1 70～5 68g/kg;水2 80～678g…     

W6M05Cr4V2模具钢电化学抛光工艺研究

本文采用电化学方法对W6M05Cr4V2电抛光工艺进行了研究。抛光溶液采用无铬酸盐的磷酸-硫酸体系添加高分子聚乙二醇。研究结果表明，聚乙二醇能有效地形成粘膜，明显提高W6M05Cr4V2电抛光的效果。该工艺减少了环境污染、降低了溶液成本，可以使W6M05Cr4V2表面达到镜面光亮的效果。     

不锈钢电抛光技术

研制出了适用于奥氏体不锈钢和铁素体不锈钢的以磷酸和硫酸为主体的无铬酐电化学抛光溶液,研究了抛光溶液各组分及工艺参数对不锈钢抛光质量的影响,并对溶液的配制和维护进行了讨论,这种抛光液不仅减少了环境污染,而且降低了抛光成本,可以使不锈钢表面达到镜面光亮的效果。     

硫酸-甲醇体系钨电解抛光的可行性研究

以硫酸-甲醇酸性体系作为电解液,对钨箔进行电解抛光研究.抛光后钨的表面均方根粗糙度和反射率的测试结果表明,该体系完全适用于金属钨的电化学抛光,对钨的阳极溶解行为进行了分析,讨论了溶液组成、槽电压、温度和搅拌速率对电抛光后钨表面粗糙度的影响.初步确定了金属钨电解抛光的工艺参数为:硫酸与甲醇的体积比1:7,槽电压15～22V,温度15～25℃,搅拌速率10m/s.     

硫酸–甲醇体系钨电解抛光的可行性研究

以硫酸–甲醇酸性体系作为电解液,对钨箔进行电解抛光研究。抛光后钨的表面均方根粗糙度和反射率的测试结果表明,该体系完全适用于金属钨的电化学抛光。对钨的阳极溶解行为进行了分析,讨论了溶液组成、槽电压、温度和搅拌速率对电抛光后钨表面粗糙度的影响。初步确定了金属钨电解抛光的工艺参数为:硫酸与甲醇的体积比1∶7,槽电压15～22 V,温度15～25°C,搅拌速率10 m/s。     

柠檬酸-硫酸型不锈钢电化学抛光液研究

讨论了抛光液组分及工艺参数对不锈钢电化学抛光效果的影响,得出了最佳配方和工艺条件为:柠檬酸260g/L,硫酸120mL/L,甘油64mL/L,添加剂20mL/L,温度70 ℃,电流密度30 A/dm2,时间4～6 min.该抛光液环保,抛光效果好,还可提高不锈钢的耐蚀性能.     

铝合金环保型无烟化学抛光工艺的研究

为了消除传统的三酸抛光对环境和人体健康的危害,开发了以磷酸-硫酸为基础液,并加入添加剂的无烟化学抛光工艺.首先研究了不含添加剂时各种因素对抛光质量的影响,并在此基础上选出最佳工艺参数,确定复合添加剂的质量浓度.结果表明:在H2PO4(体积分数为85%):H2SO4(体积分数为98%)=2:1,Al3+8～10 g/L,WYZ-1型复合添加剂10 g/L,95～110℃,1～2 min工艺条件下,可以提高抛光质量,抑制点蚀,获得较好的抛光效果,成功地解决了化学抛光中的黄烟污染问题,满足工业生产的需要.     

不锈钢化学抛光实践

1　前言6 9111不锈钢是属于半奥氏体沉淀不锈钢。它易于加工成型 ,且经冷作硬化时效处理能获得优良的机械性能 ,而且 ,具有优良的化学稳定性。为了有效地去除加工过程 (比如冷冲压 )中产生的毛刺、机械划损伤 ,应力层加热处理过程中生成的复杂的氧化物等 ,改善表面粗糙度 ,对 6 9111不锈钢零件可采用化学抛光。该工艺比机械抛光、电化学抛光工效高、成本低、操作简单。2　化学抛光的机理和溶液的选择6 9111不锈钢零件化学抛光机理与钢铁件的化学抛光及金属电抛光大体相同。 6 9111不锈钢在特定条件下化学浸蚀 ,表面被抛光溶液浸蚀和整平 ,获…     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.