PE薄膜有望成为求增长快的农用薄膜

<正>农用薄膜是用途广泛的塑料保护膜,经常被用来覆盖在土壤表层或应用于温室大棚中。有了农用薄膜的保护,土壤内部温度得以提高,土壤中的营养成分得以维护,野草生长速度得以抑制,种子发芽率得以保证。此外,农用薄膜还能有效地保护农作物免受太阳紫外线的辐射。根据用途的不同,农用薄膜主要可分为以下三大类:棚膜、地膜及饲草膜。目前,市面上农用薄膜主要以PE、PVC、EVOH(聚乙烯醇)等为原料。其中,LLDPE和LDPE薄膜在整个农用薄膜市场中占据大的份额。知名市场调研机构Researchand Markets日前发     

日本聚乙烯类农用薄膜的耐久、保温、无滴和防雾技术

介绍日本提高聚乙烯类棚膜透明性，耐候性，保温性，无滴性和防雾性的有关技术。对这些性能的评价方法和棚膜实际应用时的注意事项也进行了讨论，另外，还介绍了日本近年设施农业，降解塑料地膜和农用废膜处理的概况。     

PE薄膜有望成为需求增长率最快的农用薄膜

<正>农用薄膜是用途广泛的塑料保护膜,经常被用来覆盖在土壤表层或应用于温室大棚之中。有了农用薄膜的保护,土壤内部温度得以提高,土壤中的营养成分得以维护,野草生长速度得以抑制,种子发芽率得以保证。此外,农用薄膜还能有效地保护农作物免受太阳紫外线的辐射。根据用途的不同,农用薄膜主要可分为以下三大类:棚膜、地膜及饲草膜。目前,市面上农用薄膜主要以聚乙烯(PE),聚氯乙烯(PVC),聚乙烯醇(EVOH)等为原料生产而     

中国塑料专利

<正>专利名称:耐候性转光夜光高光能农用薄膜及其制造方法专利申请号:CN200510027232.7公开日:2007.01.03本发明公开了一种耐候性转光夜光高光能农用薄     

聚氯乙烯农用薄膜热稳定剂酚醛多环氧树脂的合成和应用

前言聚氯乙烯农用薄膜,要求有好的耐候性和透明性。用硬脂酸镉钡热稳定剂加工的薄膜具有较好的透明性,但需用环氧化合物作为辅助热稳定剂,以提高树脂的热稳定性和薄膜的耐候性。国内一般使用环氧化油或环氧脂肪酸酯作为辅助热稳定剂,它们兼具耐低温增塑剂的     

FD防滴母料

上海达华塑料制品厂根据日本同类防雾滴薄膜样品,研制成功一种用于加工防雾滴农用大棚膜的FD防滴母料已投放市场。该防滴母料采用活性助剂配方制成,是本色园柱状粒子。用片母料按一定比例掺混入聚乙烯树脂中,经吹塑制成防雾滴大棚膜,表面张力值提高,薄膜对水浸润性好,在同样条件下无滴膜不结露珠,水分均匀地在棚     

受阻胺型光稳定剂在PVC棚膜中的应用研究

一般认为,受阻胺型光稳定剂不适用于PVC塑料中,本文则探索性地将其应用于耐候性要求比较高的PVC农用棚膜中,结果表明,受阻胺型光稳定剂的光稳定效果完全可以同目前PVC棚膜中应用的UV-531和UV-9相媲美,而且它们之间复合使用时光稳定效果更好.     

有机磷光稳定剂在聚氯乙烯农用薄膜中的应用

本文介绍几种新型的有机磷光稳定剂及其使用方法,对改善农用薄膜的耐候性和其它性能的效果作了比较。     

含紫外线吸收剂农用薄膜的应用

一引言普通农用薄膜易于受阳光中的紫外线作用而老化,使用寿命不长。在农用薄膜中添加紫外线吸收剂可以提高农用薄膜的耐候性,延长其使用寿命。然而,在此种含有紫外线吸收剂的农用薄膜塑料棚中,植物在缺乏紫外线的条件下生长发育,其生长的形态发生变化,塑料棚内的某些昆虫和病菌的生长也会受到抑制,这种原理已在日本各地应用     

聚乙烯加工应用进展（I）

介绍了近年来我国聚乙烯薄膜在地膜、棚膜、其他农用膜以及包装膜、其他膜、降解膜方面的研究开发和应用情况。     

复合绝缘子硅橡胶伞套材料的自然老化试验研究

文章叙述1998年~2005年期间经广州电器科学研究院组织,在我国几个大气暴露试验场进行的迈克林电力公司绝缘子用复合绝缘子用硅橡胶伞套材料的大气暴露试验和人工加速光老化试验结果。试验表明,经自然暴露试验后材料的机电性能略有变化。文章主要针对了广州、海南、拉萨和敦煌四地不同气候的地理环境进行暴露,其中在海南暴露其机电性能变化不明显,而西北干燥沙漠地区和亚热带高原地区机电性能变化较大。人工加速气候试验结果表明,其机械性能与加速试验持续时间基本没有关系。此外,还报道了在中国电力科学研究院进行的硅橡胶材料的5000 h多应力试验结果,试验表明性能良好。     

聚苯胺修饰纳米ZnO薄膜及其光致阴极保护性能

从金属材料腐蚀特性及腐蚀保护要求出发,首先利用阳极氧化法制得ZnO薄膜,再通过恒电位法将ZnO薄膜用聚苯胺修饰得到ZnO/PANI复合薄膜。采用扫描电镜分析（SEM）、X射线衍射分析（XRD）、光电流、开路电位（OCP）及电化学阻抗等方法对制得的ZnO薄膜和ZnO/PANI复合薄膜进行物性分析和光电性能评价。研究表明：成功制得ZnO/PANI复合薄膜,且表现出优良的腐蚀保护性能。OCP实验表明,ZnO/PANI复合薄膜腐蚀保护性能与纳米ZnO薄膜相比提升了2～3倍。其中,光照后ZnO薄膜的光电流增加7μA,OCP下降5mV,复合薄膜的光电流增加22μA,OCP下降13mV。最后,失重实验对两种薄膜的光致阴极保护性能的分析数据显示,ZnO薄膜和ZnO/PANI复合薄膜都能对316L不锈钢和Q235碳钢起到光致阴极保护效果,但复合薄膜对316L不锈钢的保护效果尤为明显,其受腐蚀速率与在ZnO薄膜保护状态下相比降低了1倍以上。     

Preparation and properties of modified graphene oxide incorporated waterborne polyurethane acrylate

In this study, a new modifier (KPG) was prepared by modifying graphene oxide with γ‐glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (KH560) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). KPG was in turn added to aqueous urethane acrylate for the fabrication of waterborne polyurethane polyacrylate emulsion modified with KH560‐PDMS composite (KPG/WPUA). Textural characterizations of the KPG/WPUA coating were achieved via Fourier transform infrared, SEM, TGA and AFM techniques, which revealed that the KPG/WPUA film possessed a smooth surface. The synthesized KPG/WPUA films were tested for mechanical properties, hydrophobicity and acid/water corrosion performance which suggested their highly hydrophobic surface. KPG/WPUA with 0.1% KPG showed a contact angle of 118.35°, 30.35° higher than that of pristine WPUA. The KPG/WPUA film exhibited higher thermal stability, i.e. a 5% weight loss temperature of 305 °C, which was 30 °C higher than that of pristine WPUA film. The Young's modulus and elongation at break of the KPG/WPUA film were 34.1 MPa and 74.88% respectively, which were higher than that of WPUA film. Furthermore, KPG/WPUA films exhibited greater resistance (without obvious blistering and the white spotting phenomenon) to H₂O₂, HCl and water corrosion than pristine WPUA. The superior performance of KPG/WPUA films was attributed to the network chain structure formed upon the introduction of KPG into WPUA. The outstanding performance of KPG/WPUA films in terms of mechanical properties, thermal stability and high resistance to acidic and water corrosion makes them interesting alternative contenders for target applications. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

Influence of forming method of blending versus casting layer-by-layer on structural properties and packing performances of casein-gelatin composite edible film under different appending proportion

In order to obtain casein edible films with great packing performance, gelatin as the reinforcing additive with different ratios were loaded via two methods including layer- by- layer and blending. A comparative study on structure properties between double layers and blending films made from casein and gelatin was obtained by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The difference between the films' packing characters were conducted by water vapor permeability (WVP), optical property, and mechanical properties (including tensile strength (TS) and elongation (EAB)). The results showed that the degree of films roughness increased and the structural stability decreased as the increase of gelatin additive ratio in both double layers and blending films. Thickness and WVP both displayed a trend of increasing first then decreasing at the dividing of gelatin instead of casein in 50%. Importantly, WVP values in double layers film with a largest value of 6.95 gm⁻¹Pa⁻¹s⁻¹ was higher than blending films, observably (P < 0.05). Additionally, TS in blending film was increased by 23.44% than double layers film under the gelatin additive proportion of 70%, and EAB value in double layers film was larger by 207.65% than blending film under the gelatin additive proportion of 10%.     

Ultrathin carbon film from carbonization of spin-cast polyacrylonitrile film

Here we present ultrathin carbon films derived from polyacrylonitrile precursor film. Subsequent carbonization was investigated to examine the optical and electrical properties of resulting carbon films. The precursor PAN solution was carefully prepared and heated in order to have thin and uniform PAN film, and X-ray reflectivity of the precursor film and the carbon film shows uniformity. X-ray diffraction pattern of the carbon film indicated that the obtained carbon films possess low crystallinity. It was also found that the thickness for ultrathin carbon film from PAN layer showed counterbalanced optical and electrical performance in the range of experiment.     

Electrodeposited nanoporous ZnO films exhibiting enhanced performance in dye-sensitized solar cells

Electrodeposition of nanoporous ZnO films and their applications to dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were investigated in the aim of developing cost-effective alternative synthetic methods and improving the ZnO-based DSSCs performance. ZnO films were grown by cathodic electrodeposition from an aqueous zinc nitrate solution containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) surfactant. PVP concentration had strong effects on the grain sizes and surface morphologies of ZnO films. Nanoporous ZnO film with grain size of 20-40 nm was obtained in the electrolyte containing 4 g/L PVP. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed that nanoporous ZnO films had a hexagonal wurtzite structure. Optical properties of such films were studied and the results indicated that the films had a band gap of 3.3 eV. DSSCs were fabricated from nanoporous ZnO films and the cell performance could be greatly improved with the increase of ZnO film thickness. The highest solar-to-electric energy conversion efficiency of 5.08% was obtained by using the electrodeposited double-layer ZnO films (8 μm thick nanoporous ZnO films on a 200 nm thick compact nanocrystalline ZnO film). The performance of such cell surpassed levels attained in previous studies on ZnO film-based DSSCs and was among the highest for DSSCs containing electrodeposited film components.     

Comparison of mechanical and degradation properties of EG and EGDMA grafted gelatin films

Thin films of gelatin were prepared from gelatin granules in aqueous medium by casting and its mechanical properties like tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), and elongation at break (Eb %) were studied. Gelatin films were procured with two types of monomers such as 5% ethylene glycol (EG) and 5% ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) to increase the mechanical properties. Five percent of monomer solutions were prepared in MeOH along with 2% photoinitiator; Irgacure-651. Soaking time and UV radiation intensities were optimized with the extent of polymer loading (PL) and the mechanical properties of the cured films. Comparing the properties of EG and EGDMA treated gelatin film, EG showed the best performance. The EG-cured gelatin film with 5?min soaking time showed the highest tensile strength (58.6?MPa) and elongation at break (11.2%). The water uptake was determined for raw film (500.1%), EG grafted gelatin film (375.3%), and EGDMA grafted film (412.9%). The degradation properties in water and soil were determined for the raw and cured gelatin films. It was observed that the raw film degrades more than that of the treated films.     

Plasma-polymerized coatings of trimethylsilane deposited on cold-rolled steel substrates Part 2. Effect of deposition conditions on corrosion performance

Trimethyl silane (TMS) plasma-polymerized films were deposited on cold-rolled steel (CRS) under different conditions. The films were characterized by angular-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and time-of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOFSIMS). The complementary information generated by these surface techniques gave detailed information on the film composition. The corrosion performance of the plasma films was estimated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and by exposure in a humidity test. All films were Si-based and their composition was a function of the deposition conditions and the plasma cleaning of substrate prior to deposition. A reducing plasma for metal surface treatment resulted in a film with the highest impedance. The plasma film surfaces were highly oxidized. The contact angle was the lowest for plasma films deposited from a mixture of TMS and oxygen and their corrosion performance was the poorest.     

碳化钛/聚酰亚胺高介电复合薄膜的制备及性能研究

采用机械共混法将经硅烷偶联剂改性的碳化钛粉体掺杂入聚酰亚胺中,制备了碳化钛/聚酰亚胺复合薄膜。分析了不同碳化钛粒子含量对复合薄膜的显微结构、力学性能及介电性能的影响。实验结果表明,随着纳米TiC含量的不断升高,复合薄膜的拉伸强度呈现先上升后下降的趋势,复合薄膜的耐电击穿场强迅速下降。与此同时,复合材料的介电常数则显著提高。     

A general deposition method for ZnO porous films: Occlusion electrosynthesis

In this paper, a modified electrodeposition method, occlusion electrosynthesis (OE), was used to prepare ZnO porous films. The processes of OE were similar to those of electrodeposition except the addition of ZnO nanoparticles in electrolyte. The ZnO porous film prepared by OE (OE-ZnO) was highly porous with considerable thickness (55 μm). The quantum dots-sensitized solar cell based on OE-ZnO porous film showed superior photoelectrochemical performance to that based on the ZnO porous film prepared by doctor-blade (DB) method at the suitable concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles in electrolyte, about 16–32 g/L. In addition to the ZnO porous film constructed with ZnO nanoparticles, the ZnO porous film constructed with ZnO nanorods, ZnO/multi-walls carbon nanotubes and ZnO/TiO₂ composite porous films have also been successfully synthesized by OE, which were expected to be widely applied in various fields. The low temperature (60 °C) processes without post treatment made OE more promising for preparing ZnO porous films than DB, especially the ZnO porous films for flexible devices.