城市交通路口短时流量预测

为了能够提升短时交通流量预测的性能及精度,在支持向量回归机算法基础上引入了经改进的粒子群算法做参数寻优。同时,针对短时交通流量具有不确定性和弱规律性等特点,本文通过对交通数据进行挖掘,得出相邻路口交通流量的时空关联性,构建出通过历史数据预测及结合时空关联性的预测模型。利用BP神经网络在线修正两者权值,让两者优势互补、实时更新。通过仿真实验表明:提出的预测模型可以达到预期结果,对短时流量的预测精度和性能都有所提高。     

基于SOA-LSSVM的短时交通流量预测

针对短时交通流量存在的非线性与不确定性的问题,结合搜索者算法收敛精度高和最小二乘支持向量机计算速度快的优点,提出基于搜索者-最小二乘支持向量机( SOA-LSSVM)的流量预测模型,将该模型应用于短时交通流量预测,并与人工神经网络进行对比分析,结果表明,该模型具有较高的预测精度和泛化能力,适合于短时交通流量的预测,具有良好的推广应用价值。     

基于深度学习的短时交通流预测

针对现有预测方法未能充分揭示交通流内部的本质规律,提出了一种基于深度学习的短时交通流预测方法。该方法结合深度信念网路模型（DBN）与支持向量回归分类器（SVR）作为预测模型,利用差分去除交通流数据的趋势向,用深度信念网络模型进行交通流特征学习,在网络顶层连接支持向量回归模型进行流量预测。实际交通流数据测试结果表明：文中提出的预测模型与传统预测模型相比,具有更高的预测精度,预测性能提高了18.01%,是一种有效的交通流预测方法。     

氧化铝蒸发浓度的自适应加权LSSVR预测

针对氧化铝蒸发过程的工业现场出口料液浓度在线检测困难、操作参数具有时变性以及传统离线预测所存在的不足等特点,提出了一种多输入多输出系统的自适应加权最小二乘支持向量回归,并用于氧化铝蒸发过程出口料液浓度的在线预测.谊方法根据模型预测效果自适应在线调整建模的训练样本集,利用主元分析提取主元作为分段加权支持向量回归模型的输入,采用网格搜索和交叉验证法对多输入多输出模型参数进行优化.采用工业现场的实测数据进行实验分析,计算结果表明;该方法能够很好地在线预测氧化铝蒸发过程出口料液浓度,相比基于最小二乘支持向量回归以及基于BP神经网络的浓度预测模型,谊方法具有更高的预测精度和更好的泛化性能,满足实际工业生产在线优化控制要求.     

人工蜂群算法优化SVR的预测模型

针对人工蜂群算法存在的易陷入局部最优、收敛速度慢的缺点,引入当前最优食物源和惯性权重函数,对该算法的食物源更新方式进行改进;针对支持向量回归机的参数优化问题,将其转化为组合优化问题,并使用改进的人工蜂群算法进行优化求解,进而得到人工蜂群算法优化SVR的预测模型。以短期交通流量数据为例,将该模型的预测结果与蚁群算法优化的支持向量回归机（ACO-SVR）、粒子群算法优化的支持向量回归机（PSO-SVR）和未改进的蜂群算法优化的支持向量回归机（ABC-SVR）进行对比分析,结果表明该模型的预测效果最优且运行时间最短,具有更好的学习能力和推广能力。     

空中交通流量预测建模与仿真研究

研究空中交通流量预测问题,由于航空流量密集,流量增大,造成延误.同时空中交通流量变化具有非线性、时变性等特点.根据线性传统预测方法不能准确描述交通流量变化规律,导致空中交通流量预测精度低.为了提高空中交通流量预测精度,提出一种灰色预测和支持向量机相结合的空中交通流量混合预测模型.混合预测模型先采用灰色模型对空中交通流量线性部分进行预测,然后采用支持向量机非线性部分进行预测,最后将两者结果相融合得到最终预测结果.仿真结果表明,混合模型提高了空中交通流量预测精度,克服了传统预测模型缺陷,为空中交通流量预测提供了依据和有效的方法.     

基于PSO-SVM的短期交通流预测方法

准确的交通流量预测是智能交通系统中的关键问题。在分析支持向量机SVM回归估计方法参数性能的基础上,提出了粒子群算法PSO优化参数的PSO-SVM短期交通流预测模型。模型利用支持向量机具有结构风险最小化的特性和粒子群算法快速全局优化特点,实现了数据降维并且保持了交通流序列的特征,因此可以高效地预测交通流量。用G107国道现场采集的数据仿真表明了该模型的有效性,预测平均误差为3.4%。     

基于PSO-SVR的下水道可燃气体分析

针对下水道可燃气体传感器非线性、选择性差和交叉敏感的特点,建立了一种基于粒子群算法(PSO)支持向量回归机(SVR)的下水道可燃气体分析预测模型.该模型通过引入粒子群算法对支持向量回归机的重要参数进行优化,从而实现了支持向量回归机的参数自动判定,用于下水道可燃气体的定量分析.仿真结果表明:基于粒子群的支持向量回归机下水道可燃气体分析预测模型优于SVR模型,具有较好的泛化性能和较高的预测精度.     

基于自适应粒子群优化LSSVM的网络流量在线预测

针对带混沌特性的网络流量在线预测,提出一种融合自适应粒子群算法(APSO)和递推式最小二乘支持向量机回归的流量模型。对流量序列嵌入重构得到多维状态输入矢量,将其作为初始LSSVM的训练样本,其中采用自适应粒子群算法对模型的特征参数、嵌入维数寻优,避免早熟停滞。对于在线预报过程中的吸收样本、删减样本采用核矩阵迭代式求解,动态调整回归机,使得模型具有在线学习能力,由此得APSO-LSSVM在线流量预测模型,并考察网络负荷度与嵌入维数关系。仿真实验表明:该方法能有效预测网络流量,实现较高精度实时流量估计。     

支持向量机在混沌系统预测中的应用

提出用支持向量机回归方法解决混沌系统预测问题。阐述了支持向量机回归算法,对四阶混沌时间序列进行预测,在此基础上结合城市交通的混沌性,对珠海市迎宾大道的交通流量进行预测。仿真实验表明,支持向量机泛化能力好、学习速度快,对混沌时间序列具有很好的预测效果,对城市交通流量预测也是切实可行的。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。