层状三元碳化物Ti3SiC2及其制备研究

三元碳化物Ti3SiC2属于层状六方晶体结构，空间群为P63／mmC；它同时具有金属和陶瓷的优良性能，有良好的导电和导热能力，在室温下可切削加工，在高温下有良好的热稳定性和塑性变形能力，还具有优异的抗氧化性能，抗热震等；应用CVD、SHS、HP／HIP等方法可制备该化合物，用HIP方法能制备高纯、致密的Ti3SiC2陶瓷。最近，以元素单质粉为原料，采用放电等离子烧结工艺成功制备了高纯Ti3SiC2材料。     

Preparation of Superfine-Cemented Carbide by Spark Plasma Sintering

92WC-8Co puwder mixture with superfine-tungsten carbide was respectively sintered by spark plasma sintering（ SPS ） and sintering isostutic pressure （SIP）. Complete dense samples with 200 nm WC grains and 94.2HRA hardness were prepared by spark plasma sintering at 1 150 ℃ and under 4.5 kN for 5 minutes. SIP was carried out at 1 400 ℃ for 30 minutes with a result of 300-400 nm WC grains and 93 HRA hardness. The results show that sintering temperature is greatly decreased by SPS, sintering time is largely shortened and WC grain growth is effectively retarded. Micropores and drawb（wks in superfine-cemented carbide made by SPS are greatly declined, which is very useful to improving nwehanical properties.     

烧结温度对Al_2O_3-SiC复合陶瓷力学性能的影响

以Al2O3和SiC为原料,利用热压烧结法制备了Al2O3-SiC复合陶瓷.采用三点弯曲法、单边切口梁法等手段和SEM方法分别测定和分析了该复合陶瓷的抗弯强度、断裂韧性、致密度和断口形貌.结果表明,Al2O3-SiC10wt%复合陶瓷的致密度随热压烧结温度的提高而逐渐提高,最高可达98.42%;抗弯强度随烧结温度的升高而呈上升趋势,在1 800℃时抗弯强度最大为623MPa;断裂韧性明显是随温度的升高加强,特别是在1 850℃烧结时达到最高值7.9MPa·m1/2.材料的断裂方式主要为沿晶断裂,随着烧结温度升高,穿晶断裂所占的比例增大.     

Spark Effect on the Densification of SiCp/Al Composites by SPS

1 IntroductionSiCp/Al composites have aroused considerable inter-ests in manyfields of industry due to their tailorable me-chanical and thermophysical properties .SiCp/Al compos-ites have been developed mainly as structural materials inapplicationfor automobile industries and aerospace indus-tries . However ,thermal management applicationsin elec-tronic packaging,such as substrates ,heat slugs and heatspreads have been focused on. Electronic componentsused in thermal management applications …     

Synthesis and Sintering of Mg2Si Thermoelectric Generator by Spark Plasma Sintering

Raw Mg,Si powder were used to fabricate Mg2Si bulk thermoelectric generator by spark plasma sintering (SPS).The optimum parameters to synthesize pure Mg2Si powder were found to be 823 K,0 MPa,10 min with excessive content of 10wt% Mg from the stoichiometric Mg2Si.Mg2Si bulk was synthesized and densified simultaneously at low temperature (823 K) and high pressure (higher than 100 MPa) from the raw powder,but Mg,Si could not react completely,and the sample was not very dense with some microcracks on the surface.Then,Mg,Si powder reacted at 823 K,0 MPa,10 min in SPS chamber to form Mg2Si green compact,again sintered by SPS at 1023 K,20 MPa,5 min.The fabricated sample only contained MgESi phase with fully relative density.     

Aluminum matrix composites reinforced by molybdenum-coated carbon nanotubes

To extend the application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and explore novel aluminum matrix composites,CNTs were coated by molybdenum layers using metal organic chemical vapor deposition,and then Mo-coated CNT (Mo-CNT)/Al composites were prepared by the combination processes of powder mixing and spark plasma sintering.The influences of powder mixing and Mo-CNT content on the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the composites were investigated.The results show that magnetic stirring is better tha...     

纳米复相陶瓷的制备方法综述

纳米复相陶瓷是一种新型复合材料，它的综合性能相对传统陶瓷有了很大的提高。目前为止，纳米复相陶瓷粉体的制备方法主要有机械球磨、均相复合、非均相复合等，纳米复相陶瓷的烧结方法有无压烧结、热压烧结、热等静压烧结、放电等离子烧结、微波烧结等。对于纳米复相陶瓷而言，热等静压烧结、放电等离子烧结、微波烧结是比较理想的烧结方法。     

Fabrication and Microstructure Evolution of Niobium-Niobium Silicide Composites by Spark Plasma Sintering

By using Nb and Si elemental powders as raw materials,dense Nb/Nb 5 Si 3 composites were successfully fabricated by a spark plasma sintering(SPS)technology.The microstructure of the fabricated composites was analyzed by OM,SEM,XRD and EPMA;the microstructure evolution of the composites was also investigated by a quenching test.The experimental results show that the prepared composites consist of Nb and Nb 5 Si 3 phases;Nb particle uniformly distributes in the in-situ synthesized Nb5 Si3 matrix.During the SPS process,an interfacial reaction occurs between Nb and Si particles to synthesize Nb 5 Si 3 until reactant silicon has been completely depleted.     

球磨WC-8Co粉末的放电等离子烧结

对WC-8Co粉末不同球磨时间后进行放电等离子烧结,研究了球磨时间及烧结温度对WC-8Co硬质合金微观结构及性能的影响。结果表明:球磨时间延长,粉末颗粒变细,晶格畸变增加,衍射峰强度降低,并随时间延长,团聚现象严重;采用放电等离子烧结,在1 200℃时,可以得到接近全致密的烧结样品,烧结温度低于传统方法的烧结温度;球磨时间在2 h以下时,样品的致密度、硬度和断裂韧性达到最佳,晶粒较小且分布均匀;延长球磨时间,性能显著下降且出现较多粗晶、空洞、Co池等缺陷。     

Fabrication of Dense Ultrafine TiAl Alloys by Spark Plasma Synthesis from Mechanically Activiated Powders

Powder of Ti-46at%Al alloy was synthesized through mechanical activation（MA） and then sintered and concurrently consolidated in a short sintering time of 900 s by using a spark plasma sintering（SPS） process. The XRD and SEM profiles show that the microstructures of TiAl alloys contained γ TiAl and small amount α-2 Ti3Al phase, whose amount can be controlled by the sintering temperature. The compacts retained the original fine-grained fully densified bodies by avoiding an excessively high sintering temperature. The alloys sintered at higher temperature with this process showed a coarser microstructure. So it is possible to produce dense nanostructured TiAl alloys by mechanically activated spark plasma sintering （MASPS） within a very short period of time.     

Al_2O_3-TiC复合材料放电等离子烧结(SPS)致密化研究

用燃烧合成及放电等离子烧结法制备出致密Al_2O_3-TiC复合材料;分析了烧结温度与材料致密度、显微结构及力学性能的关系;真空气氛、1650℃、保温5min烧结试样的相对密度达99.8％,断裂韧性为4.61 MPa·m~(1/2);更高温度下烧结,气相反应加剧,不利于致密度进一步提高,力学性能也有所下降。沿晶断裂是其主要断裂方式。     

Spark Plasma Sintered AIN-BN Composites and Its Thermal Conductivity

A series of samples of hexagonal boron nitride-aluminum nitride ceramic composites with different amounts of CaF2 as sintering aid were prepared by spark plasma sintered at 1700-1850 ℃ for 5 min.The addition of CaF2 effectively lowered the sintering temperature and promoted the densification of AlN-BN composites.With the increase of sintering temperature,the density increased,and the contiguity of AIN grains enhanced in AIN-BN composites.Thermal conductivity of AIN-BN composites increased with the increase in CaF2 content and sintering temat 1800 ℃.     

Synthesis and sintering of Mg<Subscript>2</Subscript>Si thermoelectric generator by spark plasma sintering

Raw Mg,Si powder were used to fabricate Mg2Si bulk thermoelectric generator by spark plasma sintering （SPS）.The optimum parameters to synthesize pure Mg2Si powder were found to be 823 K,0 MPa,10 min with excessive content of 10wt% Mg from the stoichiometric Mg2Si.Mg2Si bulk was synthesized and densified simultaneously at low temperature （823 K） and high pressure （higher than 100 MPa） from the raw powder,but Mg,Si could not react completely,and the sample was not very dense with some microcracks on the surface.Then,Mg,Si powder reacted at 823 K,0 MPa,10 min in SPS chamber to form Mg2Si green compact,again sintered by SPS at 1023 K,20 MPa,5 min.The fabricated sample only contained Mg2Si phase with fully relative density.     

原位碳化硅复合锆莫来石材料的制备及机理研究

通过反应烧结锆英石、氧化铝和碳黑的混合物制备了原位ＳｉＣ颗粒复合的锆莫来石材料并研究了烧结机理。结果表明：通过反应烧结可制得原位ＳｉＣ颗粒复合的锆莫来石材料;球状或椭球状的ＺｒＯ２晶粒以均匀分布和聚集体两种形式分布于ＳｉＣ、莫来石、氧化铝及玻璃相共同组成的基质中;反应烧结过程中,ＳｉＣ、莫来石的生成反应滞后于锆英石的分解反应;烧结前期以ＳｉＣ的生成反应为主,烧结后期以莫来石的形成及致密化进程为主。     

包覆工艺制备C—SiC—B4C—TiB2复合材料的组织与性能

以鳞片石墨,B4C,SiC,TiO2为原料,利用包覆工艺在不同热压温度下制备了W（C）=50％的C—SiC—B4C—TiB2复合材料,并详细研究了热压温度对复合材料显微组织和性能的影响规律．结果表明,当热压温度高于1850℃时,复合材料由C,SiC,B4C和TiB2这四相组成;复合材料的体积密度、抗折强度和断裂韧性均随着热压温度的升高而增加．2000oC热压时,复合材料的体积密度、气孔率、抗折强度和断裂韧性分别达到2．41g／cm^3,3．42％,176MPa和6．1MPa·m^1/2;热压温度升高,复合材料的碳相和陶瓷相逐渐致密,碳相最终形成了在陶瓷基体上镶嵌的直径为40μm橄榄球状和条状这两种形貌．碳／陶瓷相的弱界面分层诱导韧化和第二相TiB2与陶瓷基体之间热膨胀系数不匹配所致的残余应力使变形过程中微裂纹的扩展路径发展变化,使复合材料的韧性提高．     

c-BN仿生耐磨复合材料的微观结构和耐磨性能

采用SPS技术制备出多尺度的c-BN仿生耐磨复合材料,应用图像分析仪、SEM和XRD分析c-BN仿生耐磨复合材料的微观组织.研究结果表明,Cu基合金对c-BN单晶颗粒具有良好的润湿性能,界面结合致密,在界面处形成反应层.微观分析表明,Cu基合金中的Ti向c-BN单晶颗粒表面富集,并与N和B元素发生作用,形成TiB2和T...     

Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of TiC／TiAl Composites

TiC/ TiAl composites with different TiC content were fabricated by rapid heating technique of spark plasma sintering ( SPS ). The effect of TiC purticles on microstructure and mechanical properties of TiAl matrix was imestigated. The results indicate that grain sizes of TiAl matrix decrease and mechanical properties are improved because of the addition of TiC particles. The composites display a 26.8% increase in bending strength when 10wt% TiC is added and 43.8% improvement in fracture toughness when 5ut% TiC is added compared to values of TiC-free materials. Grain-refinement and dispersion-strengthening were the main strengthening mechanism. The improvement of fracture toughness was due to the deflexion of TiC particles to the crack.     

不同粒径碳化硅粉体的复合烧结与表征

以氮化硅为烧结助剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）为黏结剂,通过重结晶烧结法制备了纯碳化硅（SiC）陶瓷。采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和阿基米德定律对产物的结构、形貌和相对密度进行了表征,主要研究了SiC细粉的质量分数对SiC晶粒形貌的影响。结果表明,SiC细粉质量分数的变化对烧结样品的晶粒尺寸与形貌及其相对密度有较大影响。细粉质量分数由0%增加至60%,SiC晶粒的形貌由等轴状晶粒过渡为六方片状晶粒,晶粒尺寸非线性增加,样品的相对密度则呈先增加后降低的趋势,当细粉的质量分数为40%时,SiC陶瓷的相对密度最高。因SiC高温（2 000 ℃以上）蒸发与凝聚的烧结作用,当SiC细粉的质量分数为60%时,重结晶普遍发生,且SiC粗粉晶粒尺寸急剧增大,形成六方片状。     

Mo/SiO2复合材料的制备及其导电性能

采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术,对具有不同组成含量的Mo/SiO2复合材料的烧结行为和烧结致密化机理进行研究,并着重探讨了复合材料中Mo含量、分布状态对导电性能的影响。结果表明,Mo/SiO2复合材料中Mo与SiO2以机械混合的形式存在,SiO2的部分软化、Mo颗粒填充空隙促进了复合材料的致密化。当Mo的质量含量小于35%,Mo弥散分布在SiO2中,复合材料为绝缘体;当Mo的质量含量超过40%时,Mo的渗流导通使复合材料成为导体。     

Reactive diffusion bonding of SiCp/Al composites by insert layers of mixed Al-Si and Al-Si-SiC powders

Mixed Al-Si and Al-Si-SiC powders were employed as insert layers to reactive diffusion bond SiCp/6063 MMC （metal matrix composites）. The results show that SiCp/6063 MMC joints bonded by the insert layer of the mixed Al-Si powder have a dense joining layer with a typical hypoeutectic microstructtn＇e. Using the mixed Al-Si-SiC powder as the insert layer, SiCp/6063 MMC can be reactive diffusion bonded by a composite joint. Because of the SiC segregation, however, there are a number of porous zones in the joining layer, which results in the bad shear strength of the joints reactive diffusion bonded by the insert layer of the mixed A1-Si- SiC powder, even lower than that of the joints reactive diffusion bonded by the insert layer of the mixed Al-Si powder. Ti and Mg added in the insert layers obviously improve the strength of the joints reactive diffusion bonded by the insert layer of the mixed Al- Si-SiC powder, especially, Mg has a more obvious effect.