粘结Ni52Mn24.4Ga23.6磁体磁诱发应变特性

制备了具有择优取向的粘结Ni52Mn24.4Ga23.6磁体,测量了其在不同温度下的磁诱发应变,并就测试温度对磁诱发应变的影响进行了探讨.结果表明:粘结磁体室温时在1.2T磁场下磁诱发应变能达到饱和,为150×10-6的伸长应变;零摄氏度时磁体则在0.6T的磁场下产生76×10-6的饱和收缩应变;零摄氏度时磁诱发应变的可逆性要明显好于室温时应变的可逆性.XRD分析表明,造成不同测试温度下粘结磁体磁诱发应变行为不同的原因可能是不同温度下合金晶体结构有所不同.     

Ti-15-3钛合金超塑行为研究

为系统了解Ti-15-3合金的超塑性,研究了固溶态和两种不同变形量冷轧态的Ti-15-3合金板材在700～800 ℃和1×10-4 ～3×10-3s-1应变速率范围内的超塑性行为.结果表明:Ti-15-3合金具有较好的超塑性能,冷轧态合金的延伸率均优于固溶态,且随着板材冷轧变形量的增大而增大;各应变速率下,该合金都在780 ℃时获得最大延伸率和应变速率敏感性指数.在780 ℃和1×10-4s-1条件下拉伸时,冷轧变形量为52%的Ti-15-3合金板材获得了370%的延伸率,m值为O.56;变形温度和速率对合金的超塑性能影响很大,合金的延伸率在730～780 ℃范围内随温度的升高和应变速率的降低而升高,合金的流变应力则随之下降.     

应变速率和温度对10NiCrMo船体钢力学性能的影响

探讨了高应变速率(动态)和低温对10NiCrMo船体钢拉伸力学性能的影响。拉伸试验结果表明:室温下,在应变速率较低时(1.6×10-3/s~1.6×10-1/s),随着应变速率增加,强度和塑性变化不大;而当应变速率较高时(2.8×102/s~1.2×103/s),总体上强度和塑性随应变速率的增加而有所增加,未发生脆化现象。在室温至-196℃温度范围内,常规应变速率下,抗拉强度R m随温度的降低而增加,-196℃时的强度增加约30%;而断后伸长率随温度的降低也有增加,增加约14%,不但未出现低温脆性,而且有好于室温的塑性。但当较高应变速率和低温共同作用时,与常规拉伸试验结果相比,试验钢的强度明显增加,而塑性明显下降,下降约50%。10NiCrMo船体钢在高应变速率、低温条件下独特的力学性能与均匀变形能力和断裂机制的变化有关,材料的塑性与其断裂方式无对应关系。     

Ti6A14V合金的低温超塑性拉伸变形行为

在700℃-850℃的温度范围内对Ti-6%Al-4%V(质量分数)合金板材进行超塑性拉伸试验,研究了应变速率为3×10-4-5×10-38-1条件下的拉伸变形行为.结果表明:Ti6A14V合金在空气中表现出良好的低温超塑性变形能力.在800℃初始应变速率ε=5×10-4s-1条件下,延伸率达到536%.在较低的700℃下变形(ε=5×10-4s-1),延伸率仍然超过了300%.在整个变形温度区间内,应变速率敏感性指数m均为0.3左右,最大值为0.63.在850℃变形激活能与晶界自扩散激活能十分相近,表明晶界扩散控制的晶界滑动是超塑性变形的主要机制.在700-750℃,变形激活能远大于晶界自扩散激活能,位错运动是激活能升高的原因.在800℃变形的激活能介于两者之间,表明随着温度的降低变形机制逐渐发生改变.     

快速凝固粉末铝合金的超塑性

用超声气体雾化法制备了两种合金化程度较高的新型铝合金,在超声雾化的快速凝固过程中合金得到了很细的显微组织,因而在一定的温度和应变速率下合金具有超塑性。一种 A1-6.7Mg-1.6Li 铝合金在325℃,开始应变速率10~(-2)/秒下显示的最大延伸率为184%,而另一种×7091合金在400℃,开始应变速率9×10~(-3)/秒时呈现218%的延伸率。和常规铸造加锻造的铝合金不同,快速凝固的粉末铝合金在比较高的应变速率下(10~(-2)/秒)即可出现超塑性。     

V-5Cr-5Ti合金准静态和高应变率拉伸力学行为

研究了电弧熔炼V-5Cr-5Ti合金在应变率为3.3×10-5～1.2×102/s范围内的拉伸性能,获得了应变率敏感系数.结果表明,在室温下低应变率下V-5Cr-5Ti合金的屈服应力和极限抗拉强度随应变率增加而增大,延脆转变应变率大约在101～102/s之间,从准静态到动态应变率范围应变率敏感系数较大;经光学显微镜、TEM、XRD和EDS分析表明,电弧熔炼V-5Cr-5Ti合金平均晶粒尺寸为200μm左右的等轴晶,且晶粒大小不均匀,应变率对晶粒尺寸没有明显影响;低应变率时,断裂表面为微孔洞聚集和穿晶断裂的混合模式,高应变率时为脆性断裂;V-5Cr-5Ti合金为板条马氏体组织,在晶界处有第二相析出物Ti(O、C、N)存在.     

Zn—4%Al合金超塑性变形性能及添加Cu、Mg的影响

本文研究了Zn—4％Al合金的超塑性拉伸性能,板材成型性以及合金元素Cu、Mg对上述性能的影响。结果表明:在350℃以下的温度区间和1.38 ×10~(-3)/s以上的应变速率区间内,该合金的延伸率随温度的升高和应变速率的降低而提高;合金元素Cu、Mg可同时提高该合金的超塑性变形性能和室温强度;经超塑性变形后合金的室温强度明显提高。     

钛合金慢应变速率拉伸应力腐蚀行为研究

对TA31和TC4ELI两合金分别在干燥空气、3.5% NaCl环境下进行慢应变速率拉伸试验。结合应力-应变曲线以及断口宏观、微观组织分析两种材料的应力腐蚀敏感性。结果表明:在35℃、3.5%(w,下同) NaCl溶液、应变速率为10-6/s条件下,TC4ELI合金应力腐蚀敏感性较高,在5×10-7/s和5×10-6/s的应变速率下应力腐蚀敏感性较低;TA31合金在上述3种应变速率下应力腐蚀敏感性均较低;在3.5% NaCl环境中,TA31合金断口形貌较空气中试验的断口形貌无明显的变化,TC4ELI则出现较明显的解理面。      

TC4-DT合金的超塑性变形及其本构方程

采用CMT4104电子万能拉伸试验机分别进行温度为870℃,应变速率为3.3×10-4s-1的恒应变速率和温度为850~890℃,应变速率为3.3×10-5~3.3×10-3s-1的应变速率循环法超塑性拉伸实验。结果表明:在变形过程中存在动态回复与动态再结晶现象,并采用Avrami方程描述了动态再结晶动力学行为;基于应变速率循环法获得了TC4-DT合金的本构模型,再通过1stopt软件加以回归拟合,得到较为精确的TC4-DT合金超塑性变形本构方程。     

应变速率对一种无铼单晶高温合金低周疲劳性能的影响

研究了一种无铼镍基单晶高温合金在1223 K、不同应变速率(5×10^-4s^-1、1×10^-3s^-1、5×10^-3s^-1、1×10^-2s^-1)条件下的低周疲劳行为。结果表明:在四种应变速率条件下,合金均表现出循环稳定。随着应变速率的增加,合金的疲劳寿命逐渐增加,且其半寿命稳定滞后回线环内面积逐渐减少,表明低应变速率合金更容易积累蠕变塑性变形。疲劳裂纹源均萌生于试样表面,随着应变速率的增加,疲劳过程中产生的塑性变形越来越少,疲劳裂纹扩展区的面积逐渐增大。低应变速率时,较大的塑性变形导致合金取向发生明显的偏转,诱发多滑移系开动进而形成位错网;反之,高应变速率时,合金没有产生明显的塑性变形,只有单一方向的位错塞积形成位错束。     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to     

Win-Win Cooperation

正The Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's recent trip to the UK has reinforced the China-UK comprehensive strategic partnership;just as the British Prime Minister David Cameron put it,"the relationship is gaining in strength,depth and understanding"after a bucket of business deals being inked worth more than 30 billion US dollars.From the first agreement signing in 2004 to the new agreement of mutual standards recognition and adoption in     

Systematic Approach for Emerging Industry

正A national directory of standards complexes for strategic emerging sectors was recently developed and released jointly by 12governmental departments,namely,SAC,NDRC,MOST,MIIT,MEP,MOA,AQSIQ,State Forest Administration,State Administration of Science and Technology for National Defense,State Oceanic Administration and National Railway Administration.     

Strictest Pollutants Emission Standards

正Four new national standards on air pollutant emission control offi cially issued by the Ministry of Environment Protection(MEP)together with AQSIQ and SAC has been brought into force from July 1,2014.The Emission standard for air pollutants of coal-burning,oil-burning and gasfi red boilers,which is the strictest emission standard historically,will tackle the stubborn pollution problem of boilers and waste incineration in most of China’s regions.     

Instructions to Authors

New Carbon Materials is a bimonthly journal published with the permission of the Ministry of Science and Technology and of the State News and Publication Agency.The journal is sponsored by the Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is published by Science Press.Aims and Scope     

Progress on Standards Copyright Protection

正Recently,National Copyright Administration of China(NCAC)has rewarded 215 organizations and 179 individuals for their outstanding efforts on investigating standards copyright infringement and piracy in 2013.Hua Jianhua,the Deputy-Director of National Standards Copyright Protection Workgroup Office won a third prize of the national individual award.In 2012,SAC set up the national standards copyright protection working group,and developed policies to crack down standards infringement and piracy behaviors and to strengthen standards copyright protection.