农药水分散性粒剂制造技术

农药水分散性粒剂是８０年代出现的一种新农药剂型，该剂型有效成分高，不需要溶剂，只需将其放入水中，颗粒在水中沉降的过程中就很快地崩解，少许搅动，就可混合均匀以备喷洒使用西方介绍了水分散性粒剂的特点及加工工艺。     

农药固体剂型研究进展

农药剂型发展趋势之一是固体剂型的发展。文章综述了农药固体剂型的研究进展,讨论了微胶囊剂、水分散性粒剂、高浓度可溶性粉剂等剂型的开发现状,指出新型固体剂型具有物理化学稳定性好,利于超高效农药的加工,环境污染小、便于贮存运输等特点,符合我国可持续发展的需要。微胶囊剂、水分散性粒剂、高浓度可溶性粉剂是固体农药剂型开发的主要方向,发展前景良好。     

水分散粒剂在加压热贮后的流动性测定方法

水分散粒剂在加压热贮后的流动性测定方法王以燕（农业部农药检定所，北京１０００２６）水分散粒剂（ｗａｔｅｒｄｉｓｐｅｒｓｉｂｌｅｇｒａｎｕｌｅｓ，ＷＤＧ）是目前国际上一种新型农药剂型，它具有分散性好、无粉尘、运输方便等特点。为了解这种新剂型的特性、技术...     

农药新剂型——水分散性粒剂及其加工工艺

水分散性粒剂是20世纪80年代初期出现的农药新剂型,该制剂使剧毒产品低毒化,提高了对作业者的安全,减小了对环境的污染。有效成分高,颗粒在水中的崩解速度快,产品的相对密度大,体积小、易包装,易运输。着重介绍了水分散粒剂的配制、特点及几种加工工艺的比较。     

水分散粒剂

农药新剂型水分散粒剂(W.D.G.——water dispersible granules;亦称干悬浮剂,dryflowable)近来在美国和欧洲已获开发。该粒剂由已粉碎的固体活性物质与粘合剂和分散剂体系团聚而成,颗粒的形状和大小根据制造方法而异。水分散粒剂具有如下特性:(1)在水中有很好的分散性;(2)处理时无粉尘;(3)有效成份(活性成份)含量高;(4)物理和化学稳定性好。与其他剂型相比其主要优点如下:与可湿性粉剂相比,安全性好(无粉尘),分散性好,密     

几种聚羧酸盐分散剂在50%烯酰吗啉WDG中的应用评价

<正>水分散粒剂是上世纪80年代开发的一种农药新剂型,具有有效成分含量高,分散性好,悬浮率高,不含有机溶剂,无粉尘飞扬,减少环境污染,物理、化学稳定性好等优点。作为新型农药环保剂型的一个重要发展方向,水分散粒剂已成为近年来国内外的农药主打剂型,发展迅速。水分散粒剂包括活性成分和润湿剂、分散剂、崩解剂、粘结剂、稳定剂等助剂及填料,其中润湿     

高含量水分散粒剂配方及助剂筛选

水分散粒剂是近年发展的一种新型农药剂型。它由农药原药、分散剂、润湿剂、崩解剂以及填料加工造粒而成,外观为颗粒状,使用时投入水中迅速崩解分散,形成高悬浮体系。水分散粒剂已为越来越多的人所重视,最近几年来登记品种越来越多,成为环保型农药主要剂型品种之一。     

农药剂型进展评述

从５０年代到９０年代各种农药剂型产量的变迁,展示出农药剂型正朝着水基性,粒状,缓释,多功能和省力化的方向发展。本文就微乳剂和乳剂,悬浮剂,水溶剂,悬浮乳剂,水分散性粒剂,缓释剂,混合制剂和省力化剂型的进展,作一简要评述。     

新型农药剂型-水分散粒剂助剂上市

<正>水分散粒剂是一种新型农药剂型,其外观为粒状,在水中易于崩解,稍加搅拌即可成为用于喷雾的药液。水分散粒剂不含有机溶剂,在生产和运输过程中安全;在使用时不产生粉尘漂移,比可湿粉更环保。己经在欧美国家大量使用。近年来,由于国内乳油产品登记受限,农药企业产品登记的重点逐渐转移到环保剂型上来,如水乳剂、悬浮剂、水分散粒剂等。其中水分散粒剂产品的登记在国内悄然走热,目前已有登记证700多个,是去年同期的两倍,是登记增长最快的农药剂型。     

农药水分散粒剂的发展概述

水分散粒剂是上世纪80年代新开发的一种农药制剂,具有包装和使用方便,没有溶剂,无粉尘,安全性好、对环境污染小、在水中崩解性好的特点,已成为当今农药剂型的主流发展方向。本文在讨论了水分散粒剂基本特征、配方及其制备方法的基础上,指出国内对水分散粒剂的研究需加大力度。     

Mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry: capabilities and applications to fuel-related materials

The expanding capabilities of mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (m.s.-m.s.) in mixture analysis and its applications to fuel-related materials are illustrated. High and low collision energy m.s.-m.s. data obtained on reverse geometry and triple quadrupole spectrometers are given for coal-derived liquid (SRC II) and diesel particulate samples. The direct analysis capability of the m.s.-m.s. methodology and its limitations are illustrated for the identification of an aliphatic carboxylic acid in diesel paniculate. The selective ionization techniques of ammonia chemical ionization and negative chemical ionization are shown to be particularly useful in enhancing the specificity of m.s.-m.s. characterizations. Negative chemical ionization is used to confirm the presence of hydroxybenzoic acid in a diesel particulate sample. Combined laser desorption-chemical ionization is also demonstrated to be an effective ionization technique in m.s.-m.s. analysis. A variant of m.s.-m.s., in which selected anions fragment with charge inversion to give fragment cations, is also employed in the analysis of SRC II and used to identify thioaryl moieties. Functional group screening by an alternative m.s.—m.s. scan procedure, neutral loss scanning, is demonstrated for phenols in SRC II. A scan for all parent ions of a selected daughter ion provides a screening procedure for rapidly identifying all compounds of a given structural type in a complex mixture. The dependence of m.s.-m.s. spectra on collision energy and pressure is shown to add further detail to m.s.—m.s. analysis. The development of a library of m.s.—m.s. spectra of reference compounds to be used for the identification of individual constituents in fuel-related materials is described.     

Chemical Graphs. Part 51.1 Enumeration of Nonbranched Catafusenes According to the Numbers of Benzenoid Rings in the Catafusene and in its Longest Linearly Condensed Portion

The number N(h,s) of nonbranched cata-condensed benzenoids, including helicenes and other out-of-plane systems, is discussed in terms of two parameters: total number h of benzenoid rings, and number s of benzenoid rings in the longest linearly condensed portion. Recurrence formulas for N(h,s) are demonstrated by Theorems 1 and 2 and implemented by means of a computer program. For h ≤ 2s ? 1, an explicit formula for N(h,s) is proved by Theorem 3; in this case, N(h,s) no longer depends separately on h and s, but only on the difference h ? s.     

Study on the Viscoelastic Poisson‘s Ratio of Solid Propellants Using Digital Image Correlation Method

Digital image correlation methods were used for further studies of the viscoelastic Poisson's ratio of solid propellants. The Poisson's ratio and the Young's relaxation modulus of solid propellants were separately determined in a single stress relaxation test. In addition, the effects of temperature, longitudinal strain, preload and storage time on the Poisson's ratio of solid propellants were discussed. The Poisson's ratio master curve and the Young's relaxation modulus master curve were constructed based on the time‐temperature equivalence principle. The obtained results showed that the Poisson's ratio of solid propellants is a monotone non‐decreasing function of time, the instantaneous Poisson's ratio increased from 0.3899 to 0.4858 and the time of the equilibrium Poisson's ratio occurred late when the temperature was varied from −30 °C to 70 °C. The Poisson's ratio increased with temperature and longitudinal strain, decreased with preload and storage time, while the amplitude Poisson's ratio increased with preload, decreases with longitudinal strain and storage time. The time of the equilibrium Poisson's ratio occurred in advance with the increase of longitudinal strain, preload and storage time.     

“80后”辅导员如何应对“90后”大学生的管理对策初探

当前高校学生的主体已逐步被“90”后学生所替代,高校辅导员队伍也不断注入新鲜血液,“80后”辅导员已成为这支队伍的主力,面对这些“90”后的大学生,这些“80后”辅导员如何做好学生管理工作,已经成为高校辅导员工作中亟待研究的课题。本文重点分析了“80后”辅导员的优势劣势,“90后”大学生的心理特点,并就“80后”辅导员如何提升对“90后”大学生的管理效率进行了初步探讨。     

中国纯碱出口能力预测及对世界纯碱市场的影响

中国作为世界上最大的纯碱生产国和消费国、第二大纯碱出口国,其出口能力的变化将对世界纯碱市场产生深远的影响,因此研究中国纯碱出口能力具有十分重要的意义。针对以往纯碱产量研究方法的不足,建立多元线性回归模型对纯碱产量进行预测;采用灰色系统GM（1,N）模型对纯碱消费量进行了预测,并分析了中国纯碱出口能力的变化,结果显示中国纯碱出口能力存在巨大潜力。针对中国纯碱出口能力的未来变化趋势,重点分析了中国纯碱出口能力的变化对世界纯碱市场的影响,指出中国纯碱出口量的稳步增长,对平衡国内纯碱市场的供求矛盾将起到至关重要的作用,并有力地促进了世界纯碱市场的自由贸易化程度。     

Effect of composition and high-temperature annealing on the local deformation behavior of silicon oxycarbides

Silicon oxycarbides with varying compositions were investigated concerning their elastic and plastic properties. Additionally, the impact of thermal annealing on their elastic properties was assessed. Phase separation of SiOC seems to have no significant impact on Young’s modulus (high values of β-SiC compensate the low values of the vitreous silica matrix) and hardness. However, it leads to an increase in Poisson’s ratio, indicating an increase in the atomic packing density. The phase composition of SiOC significantly influences Young’s modulus, hardness, brittleness and strain-rate sensitivity: the amount of both β-SiC and segregated carbon governs Young’s modulus and hardness, whereas the fraction of free carbon determines brittleness and strain-rate sensitivity. Thermal annealing of SiOC glass-ceramics leads to an increase in Young’s modulus. However, the temperature sensitivity of Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio is not affected, indicating the glassy matrix being stable during thermal annealing. A slightly improved ordering of the segregated carbon and the β-SiC nanoparticles upon thermal annealing was observed. It is suggested that this is responsible for the increase in Young’s modulus.     

Effect of degree of saponification on the rheological properties of syndiotactic poly(vinyl alcohol)/ water solution

To identify the effect of degree of saponification (DS) of syndiotactic poly(vinyl alcohol)s (s‐PVA)s having similar tacticity and molecular weight on the rheological properties of s‐PVA/water solution, four kinds of (s‐PVA)s with assigned (DS)s, from 93.1 to 97.5%, were prepared by copolymerization of vinyl pivalate (VPi) and vinyl acetate (VAc), followed by saponifying the corresponding copoly(VPi/VAc). The DS played a significant role in rheological behavior. Over the frequency range of 10^?1 to 10² rad/s s‐PVA with higher DS shows more shear thinning at similar molecular weight and tacticity of polymer, suggesting that PVA molecules are more readily oriented as DS increases. This may provide indirect evidence of the spontaneous in situ orientation of s‐PVA molecules at the late stage of saponification. Yield stress is higher for s‐PVA with higher DS at similar molecular weight and tacticity of s‐PVA. This indicates that more domains with internal order are produced at higher saponification. These facts result from increase in stiffness of s‐PVA molecules with proceeding the saponification reaction. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 463–467, 2002     

Evaluation on air conditioning’s operating property of airport terminal based on hierarchal cluster

利用建筑能耗仿真软件Energyplus 对海南某机场建筑及其空调系统建立了仿真模型。在得到空调冷水机组全年的运行数据的基础上,提出采用层次聚类的方法,提取影响机组运行特性的运行参数对机组全年运行工况进行分类,分析机组在不同类别下运行水平与相关运行参数的关联性并建立COP与运行参数的多元回归模型。通过比较不同类别下聚类中心每台机组COP与回归模型计算COP,发现聚类中心每台机组的运行特性可以代表该类中所有运行特性,为评价机组运行水平提供一个简化而有效的方法。     

基于层次聚类的航站楼空调机组运行性能评价

利用建筑能耗仿真软件Energyplus 对海南某机场建筑及其空调系统建立了仿真模型。在得到空调冷水机组全年的运行数据的基础上,提出采用层次聚类的方法,提取影响机组运行特性的运行参数对机组全年运行工况进行分类,分析机组在不同类别下运行水平与相关运行参数的关联性并建立COP与运行参数的多元回归模型。通过比较不同类别下聚类中心每台机组COP与回归模型计算COP,发现聚类中心每台机组的运行特性可以代表该类中所有运行特性,为评价机组运行水平提供一个简化而有效的方法。