Control of an electric drive for a continuous material processing unit

A control system for two electric drives connected via the processed material is considered. One of the drives controls the speed and the other controls the voltage. Numerical relations are obtained and a mathematical simulation is performed for two variants of the structure.     

内置式永磁同步电机转子初始位置估计方法

针对无位置传感器永磁同步电机控制系统起动运行困难的问题,提出一种基于混合信号注入的内置式永磁同步电机改进转子磁极初始位置估计方法.采用注入高频旋转电压信号的方法检测磁极位置,设计一种通过PI跟踪观测器对所构建磁极位置误差信号进行控制的方案,当误差调节至零时将获得磁极位置初判值,降低了算法的复杂性.以磁极位置初判值为矢量角,往定子绕组注入2个方向相反的脉冲电压矢量,通过比较直轴电流大小可以简单、有效地判断出磁极极性,实现对位置初判值进行校正,从而获得转子初始位置估计值.应用所提出的估计方法对一台22kW内置式永磁同步电机进行实验,得到转子位置电角度平均估计误差为4.6°.     

内嵌式永磁同步电机转子初始位置检测(英文)

针对内置式永磁同步电机的无感器运行问题,提出一种转子初始位置估计方法。通过对内嵌式永磁同步电机的定子绕组施加合适的电压脉冲,检测未通电相的端电压就可以获得转子的位置信息。利用磁饱和效应对凸极性的影响来区分南北极,从而区别2个稳定区,转子初始位置估计方法的分辨率为30°电角度。以DSP控制的永磁同步电机系统为试验平台,对所提出的方法进行了试验验证及试验结果分析,结果表明,提出的方法能够可靠而有效的估计初始转子位置。     

Initial rotor position estimation of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor using optimal voltage vector

The initial rotor position estimation is a serious problem affecting sensorless drives of permanent magnet synchronous motors. This paper presents an estimation method of initial rotor position for interior permanent magnet synchronous motors. The principle of the estimation is based on the nonlinear magnetization characteristics of the stator core caused by the magnet of the rotor. The estimation is performed using the variation of the current response caused by the magnetic saturation when the voltage vector is applied to the motor. This method can be performed without motor parameters and any additional hardware. Decision method of the optimal voltage vector applied to the motor is also proposed to accurately implement the estimation. Experimental results show that the initial rotor position can be estimated without rotating the rotor by using the optimal voltage vector. It is found that the average of the estimation error is ±1.34 electrical degrees, and the estimation is completed within 15.2 ms in the test motor. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 156(4): 69–76, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20062     

Control strategy for motor drive system of electric vehicle

An induction motor drive system is widely used in electric vehicles (EVs). However, most control strategies of these EVs focus only on control of the induction motor without considering the switching of different driving conditions and the changing of motor parameters. The upper limits of the torque generated by the motor are different under different motor parameters and driving conditions, which may lead to the fluctuation of the driving torque and affect the comfort and safety of the driver. This paper proposes a vector‐control‐based flexible control strategy to deal with this problem. First, the threshold values of the automatic speed regulator (ASR) and the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) could change with respect to the state variables of the motor including the change in driving conditions and some motor parameters; second, a backward proportional integral controller, which has a dynamically adjustable threshold, is added to the output of the ASR and AVR to achieve the flexibility of driving torque. Finally, a calculator that has threshold value is added to the input of the ASR and AVR controller. The results of simulation show that the designed flexible control strategy can achieve the stability of motor current, torque, and speed during the switching of different driving conditions. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

变频调速展望

变频调速，特别是变频调速技术的发展，已使世界范围内的电气传导动控制领域发生了根本性的变革。它是计算机控制技术，智能控制技术（种非线性控制）、光电技术、电力电子技术、，甚至冷却技术的综合产物。从交流调速的发展过程，基本原理，主电路形式，电压等级、应用情况，以及发展趋势等作一个全面的概述，同时还讨论了有关控制和电路的主要优点和不足。     

基于频率自适应PLL的传动系统牵引电机转速实时估计

为满足传动系统在牵引电机无速度传感器控制、速度传感器异常诊断与预测等领域对牵引电机转速精确估计的要求,提出了一种基于频率自适应锁相环的转速实时估计方法。首先针对传统锁相环(PLL)算法无法实现频率大范围跟踪问题,提出了一种前馈参考频率自适应调节的二阶广义积分锁相环(RFSOGI-PLL)算法,实现定子电流基波频率的大范围实时跟踪;再利用牵引电机转速与定子电流基波频率以及齿槽谐波关系模型,结合电机结构参数,实现了传动系统牵引电机转速大范围实时估计;最后在某型大功率交流传动系统上对所提算法的有效性进行了验证。仿真与试验结果表明,与传统PLL算法相比,所提的RFSOGI-PLL算法可有效提升算法对跟踪频率变化的适应性,满足牵引电机转速估计在快速性和估计误差等指标方面的要求。     

电动汽车驱动系统EMC问题研究现状

由于电动汽车的车内存在大功率、大电流的驱动系统,电磁干扰特性同传统车辆相比有很大不同.大功率的电力电子装置在运行过程中会产生很强的电磁干扰,可能会使整车运行不稳定或影响车载或车外附近电气设备的正常工作.目前还没有专门针对像电动汽车驱动系统这样大功率、大电流零部件的电磁兼容标准,传统的电磁兼容检测方法和试验布置也不再适用...     

电动汽车电池电量估测模型的研究

研究了电动汽车电池的电量估测系统,结合电池的充放电特性,建立电池电量估测综合算法模型,给出了电动汽车电池剩余电量相应的数学表达式,提出并采用了新的SOC估测方法,再对各种影响因素分别进行相应的补偿.     

Initial rotor position estimation of an interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine using carrier-frequency injection methods

This work presents a method using carrier-frequency injection to estimate the initial rotor position and magnetic polarity for an interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine. A nonsaturating inductance model of the machine provides no information about the polarity of the rotor magnet because the position observer based on this model is locally stable at both poles. To distinguish the polarity of the rotor magnet, the magnetic saturation effect can be used. The Taylor series can be used to describe the nonlinear magnetic saturation relationship between the current and the flux linkage in the d-axis rotor reference frame. The second-order term produces the second harmonic component of the carrier frequency, and the sign of its coefficient identifies the polarity of the rotor magnet being tracked. Both simulation and experimental results show good response of the position observer at several rotor electrical positions using either a rotating vector in the stationary reference frame or a oscillating vector in the estimated rotor reference frame.     

升船机电气传动系统方案的研究

针对升船机电气传动系统,提出了三种电气传动系统方案,就升船机的多电机传动速度控制和出力均衡控制进行了分析,并阐述了国内升船机传动方案应用及调试效果。     

插电式混合动力汽车电驱动系统过压抑制最优控制

在复杂的行驶工况下,插电式混合动力汽车经常处于启停状态,大电流脉冲对汽车电驱动系统高压总线带来巨大冲击,造成高压总线峰值电压不断上升,从而极易造成车辆安全事故。针对插电式混合动力汽车电驱动系统高压总线过压问题,提出一种基于Bang-Bang控制策略来抑制高压总线上的峰值电压,在汽车电驱动系统过压保护装置的实验环境中验证采用的Bang Bang控制策略的准确性,实验结果表明,采用Bang-Bang控制策略能够有效地抑制高压总线过压,保证混合动力汽车的行驶安全。     

基于MRAS的永磁同步电机无传感器控制研究

针对在永磁同步电机(PMSM)中安装传感器带的高成本、体积增大、可靠性降低、易受环境干扰等缺陷,提出了一种基于模型参考自适应理论(MRAS)的转速和转子位置的估算方法.以PMSM本体作为参考模型,电机的定子电流作为可调模型,以超稳定性与正性动态系统理论(Popov)为基础,设计了自适应律PI调节器参数,达到了可调模型稳定追踪参考模型的目的,实现了无速度传感器的转速和转子位置的准确估计.仿真结果表明,所提出的电机无位置传感器的控制方法能在转速突变、负载转矩扰动的情况下,快速、准确估算转速和转子位置,具有较强的动静态性能和鲁棒性.     

基于自适应理论的新型无速度传感器转速估算法

阐述了一种利用PI控制来直接消除估算转速和实际转速误差的自适应估算转速法。在高速时,其动态和静态性能较好,估算转速能与实际转速基本重合;在低速时,整个系统性能稳定,估算转速也能实时跟随到实际转速。     

Sensorless salient‐pole PM synchronous motor drive in all speed ranges

This paper presents a position sensorless drive of salient‐pole PM synchronous motors in all speed ranges including zero speed. Two position and speed estimation algorithms using the current differences between the actual and the estimated currents are proposed. One is based on the back emf estimation in the medium‐ and high‐speed ranges. Another is based on the position dependency of the winding inductances in the low‐speed ranges including zero speed. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been verified with a six‐pole, 1.5‐kW, 1500‐rpm test motor. Stable sensorless speed control from zero to 3000 rpm within ±100% load torque range was achieved. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 135(3): 64–73, 2001     

全数字调速器在顶部驱动电传动系统中的应用

介绍了一种新型钻井装备中电传动系统的设计特色。采用SIMOREGK6RA24控制单元与自行设计研制的功率单元接口,实现了大功率直流传动装置的全数字控制。     

推理控制在电气传动中的应用

为了降低扰动对电动机运动的影响，本文将推理控制应用于电气传动领域，在输出和扰动均不可测的情况下，利用推理控制实现上述目的。对永磁同电动机的分析表明，在输出可测的情况下，推理控制系统具有更加良好的静态特性，仿真实验表明了推理控制的有效性。     

Synchronous electric drive of an elevator operating in close control system

A sample synchronous motor with permanent magnets has been tested in the model of a gearless drive and the results are presented. With the help of mathematical simulation, comparative calculations of synchronous motors with different geometrical sizes are carried out for two types of elevators.     

电池SOE估算法及在电动汽车工况下的应用

采用电池剩余能量状态(SOE)作为估算对象以提高预测的准确性。基于SOE的传统定义,分析充放电过程中电池能量消耗的形式及对SOE估算的影响,研究不同放电倍率下可用总能的修正模型,并提出一种改进型SOE估算方法。NEDC、FUDS两种标准工况电动汽车的实验验证表明:改进型SOE算法的误差比传统SOE估算方法分别缩减4.6%和6.7%,可提高实际电池SOE估算的精度。     

PMSG风力发电系统转速估计算法的研究

提出了一种无传感器直驱式永磁同步风力发电机控制系统的转子速度估算法。该算法可由简单的定子磁通方程推导,且只需检测定子电压和电流。定子磁通估算通过基于定子电压模型的可编程低通滤波器而设计,建立了基于递归最小二乘法的电机转速辨识模型,并将实时辨识的电机转速用于转子位置观测和转子磁场定向矢量控制。仿真结果表明,实现了最大功率跟踪控制,验证了控制算法的有效性和可行性。