SMA增容ABS/PBT共混体系的形态和力学性能——共混过程对体系的影响

以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)为增容剂,研究了共混工艺对ABS/PBT共混物聚集态结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,SMA先与ABS共混再与PBT共混,共混物的分散相尺寸最小、分布最均匀,优于SMA先与PBT共混再与ABS共混的方法。ABS与PBT共混物的相容性差,加入反应性相容剂SMA后,PBT分散相尺寸变小且均匀地分散于ABS中,显著改善了ABS/PBT共混物的冲击、拉伸性能。共混物的聚集态结构强烈地受共混工艺的影响。     

聚碳酸酯/尼龙6共混体系力学性能的研究

探讨了不同增容剂对PC／PA共混体系的影响，研究结果表明：苯乙烯－马来酸酐共聚物（SMA）对PC／PA共混体系有一定增容作用，加入少量SMA后，共混物的力学性能有所提高；自制增容剂B与SMA协同使用对PC／PA共混体系有较好增容作用，协同增容后共混物的冲击强度大幅度提高，同时共混物仍保持较高的拉伸强度和弯曲强度。     

(PE-MA)-g-PA6对PA6/EPDM的共混增容以及形态结构与性能的影响

本文研究了不同接枝率的增容剂PE-MA的用量对PA6/EPDM共混物的力学性能和形态结构的影响,并与PP-MA的增容效果作了比较。当PA6/EPDM/PE-MA为80/20/12时,共混物在干态常温下的Izod冲击强度是纯PA6的13倍。这时的分散相粒子变得细小,相界面摸糊弥散。PE-MA的增容效果远好于PP-MA。     

PBT和PA6共混体系的力学性能和相形态研究

通过熔融法制备了PBT／PA6共混体系。实验结果表明,PBT与PA6的相容性较差,直接共混后其力学性能很差,而加入一种低成本的液体环氧树脂E-54作为PBT／PA6复合体系的相容剂,力学性能明显提高。通过SEM进一步证实,环氧树脂的加入可以降低分散相粒子的大小,改善界面形态,提高共混物的相容性。     

LCP微球对LCP/尼龙6共混体系力学性能的影响

制备了分散相呈球状微粒形貌的液晶聚合物/尼龙6 (LCP/PA6)共混体系,选用离聚物磺化聚苯乙烯锌盐(Zn-SPS)和反应性嵌段共聚物苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)作为体系的增容剂,探讨了在相间相互作用得以改善时,利用LCP微球改善 LCP/尼龙6 共混体系韧性的可能性。试样受拉后的形貌观察表明,在增容体系中,LCP微球很好地镶嵌在尼龙6基体中,粒子脱落的空洞发生了较大的形变。力学性能测试结果表明,LCP的加入使材料的拉伸强度低于纯尼龙6,加入增容剂后共混材料拉伸强度有所提高,其中LCP/PA6 (质量比10/90)共混体系增容后的拉伸强度与纯尼龙6 相当。所研究的增容体系的拉伸断裂吸收能均比未增容体系有所增加。其中,当 LCP的质量分数为4%时,Zn-SPS增容体系的拉伸断裂吸收能比未增容体系和纯尼龙6分别增加了12%和62%;当LCP的质量分数为10 %时,SMA增容体系的拉伸断裂吸收能比未增容体系和纯尼龙6分别增加了46%和55%。表明在适当条件下,利用LCP微球可以在保持共混体系的拉伸强度的同时提高材料的韧性。     

聚丙烯接枝物反应挤出增容PP/PA6共混物的形态结构

采有PP熔融接枝MAH和不饱和羧酸混合单体通过反应挤出增容PP/PA6共混物，研究了增容共混物的形态结构。SEM、TEM观察表明，接枝物能明显降低共混物的分散相尺寸，改善体系的分散状况，提高共混物两相的相容性；增容共混物的两相界面结合改善，相界面变得模糊。WAXD、DSC测试表明，用该接枝物增容后的共混物，组分的Xc下降，分散相微晶尺才减小。研究结果表明该接枝物是PP/PA6共混体系的有效增容剂。     

SG增容PA6/sPS共混体系的形态结构与力学性能

采用一系列不同甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯(GMA)含量的苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯共聚物(SG)增容尼龙6(PA6)/间规聚苯乙烯(sPS)(80/20)共混物,通过扫描电镜及拉伸实验考察了SG共聚物中GMA的含量对共混物形态结构及力学性能的影响。形态观察显示,SG共聚物可以有效地降低PA6/sPS共混物中分散相的尺寸,增加两相界面间的粘接力;SG共聚物中GMA的含量对其增容效果有较大影响,质量分数为5%左右时,SG共聚物对PA6/sPS共混物的增容效果最佳。拉伸实验结果表明,PA6/sPS共混物的拉伸强度及模量随着SG共聚物的加入而增加,但其断裂伸长率在较高SG含量时则有所下降。     

增容剂对PVC/PA6共混物性能的影响

分别以乙烯醋酸乙烯酯接枝马来酸酐(EVA-g-MAH)、丙烯晴-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物接枝马来酸酐(ABS-g-MAH)及聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(PE-g-MAH)三种聚合物为增容剂制备了聚氯乙烯/聚酰胺6(PVC/PA6)共混物,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、动态力学分析(DMA)及力学性能测试研究了相容剂对PVC/PA6(80/20)的相形态结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明,三种相容剂对PVC/PA6都具有明显的增容作用,但5%EVA-g-MAH增容PVC/PA6(80/20)的分散相尺寸最小最均匀;三种增容剂增容的PVC/PA6共混物都只有一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg),但EVA-g-MAH增容共混物的Tg略向高温偏移;力学性能测试结果显示,5%的EVA-g-MAH增容的PVC/PA6共混物的缺口冲击强度和拉伸强度分别提高了18%和200%,达到了3.8kJ/m2和46MPa。     

PBT/PA6/EP-0199共混物及其纤维结构性能

利用双酚A型环氧树脂(EP-0199)对聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)和聚酰胺6(PA6)共混物进行增容,并对增容后的共混物进行熔融纺丝。采用扫描电镜、差式扫描量热、热重分析、X射线衍射及拉伸试验对比研究增容剂含量变化对共混物及其纤维热性能、力学性能、结晶性能及相形态的影响。结果表明,在PBT/PA6共混比为70∶30(wt,质量比)体系中,加入EP-0199,可有效改善PBT、PA6共混物的相容性。EP-0199的用量存在一个最佳值,在用量低于此值时,共混体系相容性及纤维综合性能随其加入量的增加而提升,当用量高于此值时,EP-0199的增容作用减弱,共混物纤维的综合性能也呈现下降趋势。     

SMA增容剂对PA6/PP合金性能影响和增容机理研究

采用苯乙烯接枝马来酸酐无规共聚物(SMA)作为增容剂,制备PA6/PP合金.研究了PA6/PP配比和SMA增容剂用量对合金热力学性能和吸水性的影响.实验结果表明:SMA对PA6/PP共混体系有很好的增容作用,当PA6/PP/SMA质量比为90/10/(2～4)时,合金综合性能最好,其中材料热变形温度、缺口冲击强度提高很大,吸水率下降明显.对合金的微观结构进行了分析,并对增容机理进行探讨.     

聚酯含量对PBT/PET/PA-6三元共混物性能影响

采用ＤＳＣ、ＳＥＭ等方法对ＰＢＴ／ＰＥＴ／ＰＡ６三元共混物中聚酯含量的变化与共混物性能之间的关系进行了研究。实验结果表明,共混物中ＰＥＴ含量的增加有利于提高该三元共混物的热性能和结晶性能;另外,ＰＢＴ含量的增加则大大提高了共混物的抗冲击能力。     

Effect of EVOH on the morphology,mechanical and barrier properties of PA6/POE-g-MAH/EVOH ternary blends

Polyamide 6 (PA6)/maleated poly(ethylene-1-octene) (POE-g-MAH) blends with various ethylene–vinyl alcohol (EVOH) concentrations were prepared via melt-blending. The morphology, mechanical and barrier properties of the blends were investigated in terms of scanning electron microscope (SEM), impact/tensile testing, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and oil absorption rate. The SEM images indicated that the compatibility between PA6 and POE-g-MAH was improved significantly after the incorporation of EVOH. The toughness of blends was correlated with the morphology of the POE-g-MAH and EVOH dispersion phase. It has also demonstrated that the incorporation of EVOH increased evidently the tensile strength, storage modulus and barrier properties, which were contributed to the strong interactions formed through the reaction among PA 6, POE-g-MAH and EVOH.     

PA-6/ABS共混体系中加入SMA的反应型增容作用

加入少量苯乙烯－马来酸酐共聚物,能改善苯不相容的尼龙－６／ＡＢＳ共浊 系的相容性,提高其力学性能。文中共混物的熔体流变性能,ＤＳＣ表征及相结构观察,表明相容性的改善是在熔融共混过程中ＳＭＡ在ＰＡ－６和ＡＢＳ界面的的接枝反应得以实现。     

Morphology and properties of acrylate styrene acrylonitrile/polybutylene terephthalate blends

The structure and mechanical properties of acrylate styrene acrylonitrile (ASA) and ASA/polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) blends have been studied. The morphology of ASA is found to conform to a previous model. 40/60 and 60/40 blends of ASA/PBT have a two-phase, dispersed morphology while the 50/50 blend is shown to have a co-continuous structure. As processing temperature is increased, the mechanical properties decrease, due to PBT degradation. The 60/40 ASA/PBT blend has very poor impact resistance because of the continuous, degraded PBT matrix. Better mechanical properties are observed for blends with a continuous ASA matrix, particularly in the 50/50 blend. Fracture surface analysis reveals a unique morphology of mushroom-like PBT fibrils for the low processing temperature samples near the crack tip. This is thought to occur due to the competition of cohesion and adhesion of the PBT with the ASA matrix.     

辐照对PBT/HIPS/TAIC体系结构和性能的影响

研究了在多官能团单体——三烯丙基聚异氰酸酯(TAIC)存在下,辐照对PBT/HIPS体系相容性的影响。并用DSC,DMA,SEM和力学性能测试等方法对其形态结构,结晶性能,相容性及力学性能进行了表征。结果表明,辐照使体系中PBT熔程变宽,结晶度下降,结晶速率变慢,结晶尺寸分布变宽,结晶完善性变差;辐射引发多官能团单体反应,使体系的两个Tg松弛发生内移,改善了体系的相容性;当PBT为分散相时,体系的微区尺寸明显变小,甚至难以分清两相结构;辐射改性提高了PBT为分散相的体系力学性能。     

相容性对PA66/POE共混材料形态、微结构及力学性能的影响

采用SEM、TEM、DSC及材料力学性能实验方法研究了马来酸酐 ( MAH ) 接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物弹性体 ( POE ) 对PA66/POE共混材料形态、微结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明:热引发官能化POE产物 ( POE-g-MAH ) 可显著改善PA66/POE共混材料的相容性,使材料分散相尺寸减小,分布均匀,且材料缺口冲击强度显著增大。实验发现,PA66/POE-g-MAH共混材料分散相的弹性体颗粒内部存在较多份量的有序结构,材料中的分散相颗粒具有明显促进结晶的作用,此作用引起PA66基体结晶温度增加,结晶度增大,并在分散相质量分数为15% 的脆韧转变条件下,达到极大值。试样熔体的冷却速率越快,则此种促进结晶的作用就越明显。      

PP对PBT/POE-g-MAH共混体系相形态和力学性能的影响

将聚丙烯(PP)与官能化聚烯烃弹性体(POE-g-M AH)共混,制备出4种新型增韧改性剂,研究了PP的含量和种类对PBT/POE-g-M AH共混体系相形态和力学性能的影响。SEM观察发现,新型增韧改性剂作为分散相具有以POE-g-M AH为软壳、PP为硬核的包藏结构。随着高熔体流动指数PP(EPF 30R)含量的增加,软壳层厚度逐渐减小,包藏结构分散相的相畴尺寸略有减小,分布更加均匀。但添加低熔体流动指数PP(EPS30R)后,包藏结构分散相的相畴尺寸变大,分布不均匀。力学性能测试表明,适量高熔体流动指数PP与POE-g-M AH并用具有显著的协同增韧作用。与PBT/POE-g-M AH体系相比,在相同的增韧剂总用量时,共混物在保持超高韧性的同时,拉伸强度损失最小。     

A study on compatibilization of AES/PA6 blends

Polyblends of Nylon 6 and AES were prepared and their mechanical properties and phase morphology examined. Two compatibilization techniques were evaluated: addition of a suitable block copolymer: poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (SMA); AES functionalization with maleic anhydride (MA) through reactive extrusion. As a preliminary test for the compatibilizing efficiency, SMAs and PA6 were compounded in a Brabender mixer, recording the torque during the operations and evaluating, by solvent extraction, the amount of SMA grafted to PA6. However, when moving to the ternary blends AES/SMA/PA6, the highest value of notched lzod impact strength (290 J m^–1 versus 20 J m^–1) was found for an SMA sample containing 24% MA, which did not show the highest reactivity with PA6 in the preliminary test run. This finding suggests that not only the reactivity towards PA6, but also the miscibility with AES phase (the highest for the SMA product with 24% MA) must be taken into account when designing the best performing compatibilizer. On the other hand, AES functionalization with MA and DCP proved to be more successful and the resulting 50/50 blend with PA6 exhibited an outstanding value of notched Izod impact strength (1050 J m^–1)