Major Trends in Refractories Industry at the Beginning of the 21st Century

An analysis of the present and of the future of the refractories industry is being presented,considering some improtant techincal,economical,human and environmental issues,on a worldwide basis,Refractories still needed as confinement materials to prevent heat and mass transfer losses in many diverse manufacturing industries,and will remain so ,but the main challenges,this industry do need to neet,are to adjust to and overcapacity production ,to cope with new needs of the customers,in particular the “outsourcing“,which is a new custome/supplier rela-tionship being adopted by many of them,and more compet-itive arena.Among the direct consequences,are the need to keep the education world in refractory engineering training aliver and to cope with macro and micro projects to change the image of the Refractories,from a commodity material to a sophisticated “high-tech“ compostie material.Some suggestions are provided in the text.     

人工神经网络技术及其在陶瓷工业中的应用

本文分析了人工神经网络技术的发展及特点,结合其在陶瓷工业中的应用情况,包括窑炉温度场分布的预测、窑炉烧趸的工况辨识、ＰＴＣ材料性能识别、陶瓷缺陷的分析及耐火材料ＳｉＣ生产量的拟万预报等,阐述了人工神经网络技术在陶瓷工业有广阔的应用前景。     

Production and Application of Henan Olivine

Henan olivine enjoys high reputation both at home and abroad due to its high performance.It is increasingly being used as mold sand for foundry.filling materials and drawing-out agent for steel-making as well as raw materials in refractory industry.In the paper,specification,production and application of olivine originated in Henan province are introduced.     

The implications of the relevant legislation for printing ink formulation, manfacture and supply

Conclusion  The implications of legislation on the activities of the ink industry are far reaching and complex. This paper has described the major influences on formulation (food safety and VOC control), manufacture (solid waste and health and safety) and supply (packaging). There is little doubt that further legislation will be implemented, and that existing legislation will become more stringent. Directly or indirectly, this will have increasing cost implications for the industry and its customers, and awareness and proper management at all levels is required to maintain control with legislative compliance.     

ADS acquires Volvo’s Mexican plant

CANADIAN company ADS Inc is acquiring the production assets of Volvo Buses of Mexico’s composites factory in Tultitlan, Mexico. The plant manufactures composite materials used in bus and medical applications and its main customers are Volvo and the medical division of General Electric (GE). It has sales of about $6 million per year.Visit www.reinforcedplastics.com for the latest plastics industry news     

AOC opens gel-coat facility

AOC HAS extended its service to North American customers with the opening of a new facility for the development and production of gel-coats at its Collierville, Tennessee, USA, headquarters. The new gel-coat centre is said to be ‘world-class’. The company already operates gel-coat facilities in Canada and Mexico.This is a short news story only. Visit www.reinforcedplastics.com for the latest plastics industry news.     

High-temperature heat-insulating materials and products of the Morgan Thermal Ceramics Sukhoi Log joint venture

The author describes the activities of the Sukhologki Refractory Works, whose purpose is to increase its sales of competitive products, expand the product range of high-temperature materials, introduce innovative technologies, establish mutually beneficial relations with customers, develop new kinds of highly refractory heat-insulating fibrous materials and products, expand the list of dense and heat-insulating refractory concretes. The joint venture of the Sukholozhskii Refractory Works and the Thermal Ceramics will enable the company to take a better position and become the leader among the Russian producers of heat-insulated materials and products. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 28–31, July, 2007.     

推进玻璃工业耐火材料科技成果转化和行业整合

回顾了耐火材料工业近50年的发展历程,深入分析了目前耐火材料行业的现状和存在的主要问题,提出只有整合耐火材料行业资源,加快推进耐火材料产业化进程,组建科工贸一体化大型企业集团才能更有效地提高我国耐火材料行业的整体水平,更好地为玻璃等建材工业服务.     

“MAPEKO” Company in the world market of equipment for drying,heating, and thermostatic control of metallurgical ladles and blast furnace runners

Engineering and process aspects of development and position of the “MAPEKO” Company in the international market of equipment for the steel-melting industry are presented. Specialization of the company, its engineering policy, innovative activities, general types of produced equipment, performance characteristics of the latter, and methodological and organizational principles of the work with customers are described. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 12, pp. 19–27, December, 2007.     

电器设备清洗剂的品质及组成浅析

电器设备清洗剂的应用已非常普遍,但国家和行业内尚没有相应的标准。市场上销售的产品良莠不齐,使用者也缺乏恰当的评价依据。根据笔者10多年从事清洗剂开发、应用的实践,总结出电器设备清洗剂的七项关键指标,对电器设备清洗剂的原料配方提出了自己的独到见解。     

Color–emotion associations in the pharmaceutical industry: Understanding Universal and local themes

The strong shift toward operating in global markets has posed enormous adaptation challenges for product marketing especially with regard to universality and consistency of brand design decisions. The color‐in‐product design decision is also susceptible to this global–local tension. A pharmaceutical film coating formulator supplier to leading local and global pharmaceutical companies was interested in developing a solid validated global color preference database to enable informed brand decision making for its customers. The following study reports results from a global survey that examined the color–brand attribute associations within the global pharmaceutical industry. Data were collected from a multigeography gender and age balanced sample of 2021 subjects, revealing a strikingly powerful color language comprised of universally consistent associations and local contextual patterns that are each critical to global brand decision makers within this industry. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. Col Res Appl, 2012;     

Development Trend of China's Refractory Industry in the New Era

The development status of the downstream industries of refractory industry, such as iron steel, cement, glass, and nonferrous metals was analyzed, and it was pointed out that the market demand of refractory industry entered a platform period. Effect of supply-side reform on the development of refractory industry was deeply discussed, the viewpoints of multi-dimensional innovation of refractory industry were put forward, and the development trend of automation and intelligence in refractory industry was emphasized. It was clarified that the "Belt and Road Initiative" brought new opportunities and pointed out the development direction of China's refractory industry.     

Interactions of MgO·Al2O3 spinel with Cu,Cu2O and copper matte at high temperature

Magnesia-chrome refractory has been used in the copper industry for decades, and the chromium in the used refractory has been proved to have the risk to harm the environment. A reliable chromium-free refractory is urged to replace the chromium-containing refractory in the future. In the present study, MgO·Al₂O₃ spinel was systematically tested with Cu, Cu₂O, and industrial matte respectively at 1300?°C. All samples were directly quenched into the water after the experiments and examined by electron probe X-ray microanalysis. The molten Cu and MgO·Al₂O₃ spinel did not react and showed a low wettability, while limited reactions between the spinel and matte were detected. However, severe reactions occurred between the spinel and Cu₂O at 1300?°C. The possible applications of the spinel in the copper-making industry are discussed based on the experimental results.     

无卤低烟阻燃耐火电缆及其工艺的探讨

近年来,国家对于电缆行业的监督管理越来越严格,客户对于电缆的各种常规指标也有了一定的了解。然而对于电缆的部分性能,客户却难以进行测量或者是判断其是否能够达标。其中低烟指标以及阻燃性等都是难以进行判断的指标。同时,各种新技术的出现对于电缆的低烟阻燃、耐火性等也有着较大的影响。文中,主要介绍无卤低烟阻燃、耐火电缆产品的性能及影响其性能的因素,并探讨了其结构设计及技术工艺。通过研究,可以对无卤低烟阻燃、耐火电缆产品有更加清晰的了解。     

High-Temperature Ceramic Welding: A New Solution To The Problem Of Maintenance Of Refractory Linings

Running repair of industrial furnaces is an important problem solved successfully within the framework of conversion of the defense industry of Russia. The Soyuz Federal Center of Binary Technologies possesses a scientific and materials base for high-temperature ceramic welding (HTCW) as an effective technology for repairing refractory linings. The principles of the HTCW method and its advantages, effect, and prospects are presented.     

Survey of a new concept—liquid resin molding

The need for low-pressure molding of electronic assemblies and devices has long been realized by customers and plastic processors throughout the military, space, and commercial industry. Probably the single, greatest advance in this area to date has been the introduction of liquid resin molding or, as sometimes called, liquid transfer molding and liquid injection molding. This paper briefly discusses the studies being conducted in the area of material developments, applications, and tooling considerations and cites several case histories comparing the advantages of liquid resin molding vs powder molding. This paper also includes the relatively new efforts being investigated for economical mass production of solid state light-emitting diodes and solid state optical numerical readouts.     

The trials and tribulations of a robotic screening core

It is well recognized within the pharmaceutical industry that high throughput screening is a valuable and rapid tool to identify novel chemical compounds that may lead to tomorrow''s drugs. High throughput screening involves testing as many chemical compounds as quickly as possible against a defined molecular or cellular ‘target’ (for example an enzyme) in the hope that interacting compounds may provide significant therapeutic benefits.At Wyeth-Ayerst Research, a Robotics and Automation Research Core Group has been established which serves as the in-house resource for high throughput screening. The robotics group has three missions: (1) develop and perform high throughput screens for customers in all therapeutic departments in the company; (2) educate customers in issues related to screen design; and (3) help customers to bring automated workstations into their laboratories. The mission, therefore, requires the effective use of automation, as well as building a strong collaboration with customers.The challenges that have been faced fall into two categories: technology limiting and customer relations. Technological challenges arise because it is necessary to develop and implement assays with very different formats and biochemical endpoints within extremely shortened time frames. The primary means to meet these challenges is with flexible robotics and flexible people. Challenges in the area of customer relations include setting realistic expectations, maintaining a sense of collaboration (and not merely service), educating investigators as to how to deal with the huge amount of data generated and seeking feedback. Effective and frequent communication, and an awareness of each individual''s perspective, are essential to provide the most appropriate service.     

Metallurgical Briquettes as New Promising Products from the Refractory Industry

Metallurgical briquettes commonly used in ferrous and nonferrous metallurgies are a new kind of product for the refractory industry, with good prospects for wide application. However, to make it a reality, the joint effort of metallurgists and refractory manufacturers is needed.     

我国耐火材料工业的回顾与展望

回顾了我国耐火材料工业走过的历程，特别是“六五”以来取得的长足进步；阐述了耐火材料行业当前存在的突出问题，提出了当前和今后一段时期行业发展的基本思想和具体做法。     

High Chrome Refractory Characterization: Part I. Impact of Melt Reduction/Oxidation on the Corrosion Mechanism

High Cr₂O₃ containing Monofrax^™ K-3 is a robust refractory that is used in the fiberglass industry and used in radioactive waste glass melters worldwide. Monofrax^™ K-3 is tolerant of transition metal oxides but contains highly reduced solid solutions of spinels, that is, (Mg,Fe²⁺)(Al,Cr)₂O₃. Conversely, many of the waste feeds being processed are highly oxidizing. The K-3 refractory corrosion was tested in sealed crucibles starting with slurried melter feed instead of prereacted glass called for by ASTM C621. Testing the refractory coupon during the feed-to-glass conversion exposes the refractory to the oxidizing and reducing species being released during vitrification, for example, NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, CO₂, CO, O₂. Corrosion rates measured in highly oxidizing (high nitrate) feeds 3 3 Oxidized feeds give glass Fe⁺²/∑Fe of ~0.
were ~1.8–2.8 times higher than those determined using prereacted glass or reduced feeds. 4 4 Reduced feeds give glass Fe⁺²/∑Fe of > 0.09.
Confirmatory corrosion rates were measured on Monofrax^™ K-3 coupons immersed in oxidizing feed in a 1/100th-scale HLW pilot-scale melter. Corrosion is heterogeneous or incongruent as Ni and Fe in the waste glass exchange with Mg and Al in the refractory. An insoluble NiFe₂O₄ spinel corrosion product is formed that can build up a protective layer along the refractory walls or spall and settle to the melter floor depending on melt pool convection/agitation.