平面光波导器件及应用分析

分析了平面光波导器件的关键技术及其应用情况．介绍了平面光波导器件的几种不同种类,包括硅基体沉积二氧化硅光波导,铌酸锂镀金属膜光波导,聚合物(Polymer)光波导等组成．利用平面光波导技术,可制造出波分复用器、解复用器、光开关、耦合器、阵列波导光栅等各种不同的集成光学器件．     

集成波导器件在光纤通信中的应用

光纤通信技术开辟了大容量、高速和低损耗的通信方式。集成波导光器件是构成光通信网和系统的重要组成部分,研制这些器件具有十分重要的现实意义。当前光通信中有代表性的器件是激光器、接收器、调制器、滤波器和控制器等。本文以光通信中三种重要的波导器件──光调制器、滤光器和定向耦合器为例,来介绍当前以光通信为主要应用领域的光波导器件的特点和应用。一、光波导技术１．基于ＬｉＮｂＯ３的光波导技术光波导器件可采用无定形体材料、铁电材料和半导体材料。采用的无定形体材料包括有机聚合物波导和玻璃波导。热光调制器就可以制作…     

聚合物光波导器件的最新进展

由于有机聚合物材料具有介电常数小、电光和热光系数大、热损耗小、易于加工及可垂直集成等优点,聚合物波导器件成为近几年研究的热点。本文在介绍光学聚合物材料优点和一些新型聚合物的基础上,重点讨论了聚合物波导器件的最新进展。     

聚合物光波导器件的最新进展

由于有机聚合物材料具有介电常数小、电光和热光系数大、热损耗小、易于加工及可垂直集成等优点，聚合物波导器件成为近几年研究的热点．本文在介绍光学聚合物材料优点和一些新型聚合物的基础上，重点讨论了聚合物波导器件的最新进展．     

硅基波导光开关及开关阵列的研究进展

光开关是光网络中实现光交换的核心器件.硅基波导光开关作为一类重要的开关器件,具有体积小、开关速度快、兼容性好等优点.近年来随着硅基波导制作技术的成熟,硅基波导光开关及开关阵列的研究日益受到人们的重视.文章介绍了SOI(silicon-on-insulater)光波导、聚合物光波导和SiO2光波导等三类常见的硅基波导在光开关及开关阵列方面的一些研究进展.     

二氧化硅平面光波导器件的研究进展

二氧化硅平面光波导(PLC)器件以其低损耗、高工艺容差,以及与CMOS工艺兼容和与单模光纤模场匹配良好等优点,在光通信、光互连和集成光学中得到了广泛的应用.文章综述了二氧化硅平面光波导器件及其应用的进展,重点针对分束器、阵列波导光栅、可调光衰减器及其集成器件的最新研究进行了介绍,对未来发展趋势进行了展望.     

平面光波导器件的发展

在光电子技术,计算机技术,通信技术迅速发展的今天,光波导材料和器件得到了越来越多的应用和发展.因此,对于光波导器件现状及发展趋势的叙述,不但对有志于在此方面研究的人具有一定参考价值,同时也是面向未来光电子产业发展的必然要求.因为当今大多器件应用平面光波导材料,所以主要对平面光波导理论进行了讨论.     

聚合物波导电光调制器

尽管直接调制激光二级管控制光波是一种简单是一种简单且重要的调制方式，但光波导结构的调制器将使器件性能得到惊人的改善，本文简略介绍了聚合物波导电光调制器，并给出了制备该器件的聚合物材料及制备过程。     

聚合物阵列波导光栅复用器的研究

介绍了聚合物阵列波导光栅（AWG）复用器的基本原理，进而用Al掩模制做聚合物AWG光波导。结果表明：AWG器件的制做工艺，Al掩模技术明显优于厚胶掩模技术。用这种技术制备的器件，其结构指标与理论设计相符合而且波导在1.55μm处实现了单模传输。     

从OFC 2003看平面光波导器件的发展动向

概述了2003年OFC会议上报道的平面光波导器件，着重介绍了平面光波导器件在新材料、新工艺、新结构方面的新进展和发展方向。     

Passive alignment method of polymer PLC devices by using a hot embossing technique

A novel fabrication process using a hot embossing technique has been developed for micromechanical passive alignment of polymer planar lightwave circuit (PLC) devices. With only one step of embossing, single-mode waveguide straight channels and micropedestals for passive aligning are simultaneously defined on a polymer thin film with an accuracy of /spl plusmn/0.5 /spl mu/m. This process reduces the steps for fabricating alignment structures. A fabricated polymer PLC chip and fibers are combined on a v-grooved silicon optical bench (SiOB) in a flip-chip manner. The process provides a coupling loss as low as 0.67 dB per coupling face and a cost-effective packaging solution for various polymer PLC devices.     

Optimum index profile of the perfluorinated polymer-based GIpolymer optical fiber and its dispersion properties

The significant advantages in bandwidth and low material dispersion of perfluorinated (PF) polymer-based graded-index polymer optical fiber (GI POF) are theoretically and experimentally reported for the first time. It is confirmed that the low attenuation and low material dispersion of the PF polymer enables 1 Gb/s km and 10 Gb/s km transmission at 0.85-μm and 1.3-μm wavelengths, respectively. The PF polymer-based CI POF has very low material dispersion (0.0055 ns/nm·km at 0.85 μm), compared with those of the conventional PMMA-based POF and of multimode silica fiber (0.0084 ns/nm km at 0.85 μm). Since the PF polymer-based GI POF has low attenuation from the visible to near infrared region, not only the 0.65-μm wavelength which is in the low attenuation window of the PMMA-based GI POF, but other wavelengths such as 0.85-μm or 1.3-μm etc. can be adopted for the transmission wavelength. It is clarified in this paper that the wavelength dependence of the optimum index profile shape of the PF polymer-based GI POF is very small, compared to the optimum index profile shape of the silica-based multimode fiber. As a result, the PF polymer-based GI POF has greater tolerance in index profile variation for higher speed transmission than multimode silica fiber. The impulse response function of the PF polymer-based GI POF was accurately analyzed from the measured refractive index profile using a Wentzel, Kramers, Brillouin (WKB) numerical computation method. By considering all dispersion factors involving the profile dispersion, predicted bandwidth characteristic of the PF polymer-based GI POF agreed well with that experimentally measured     

High Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells Technologies

The conjugated polymer-based solar cell is one of the most promising devices in search Of sustainable, renewable energy sources in last decade. It is the youngest field in organic solar cell research and also is certainly the fastest growing one at the moment. In addition, the key factor for polymer-based solar cells with high-efficiency is to invent new materials. Organic solar cell has attracted significant researches and commercial interest due to its low cost in fabrication and flexibility in applications. However, they suffer from relatively low conversion efficiency. The summarization of the significance and concept of high efficiency polymer solar cell technologies are presented.     

Solid state optical space switches for network cross-connect andprotection applications

Network protection and reconfiguration is becoming increasingly important in fiber optic communications systems. This is driven by the intense traffic and high cost of lost high-data-rate optical connections. Optical cross-connects at the nodes in transmission systems are developing rapidly in response. A key optical component required for these applications is an optical space switch. Since the required timescale of network reconfiguration at the optical level is on the order of 50 ms to prevent electrical intervention. The optical space switching speed must be approximately 5 ms or faster. The demand created by these applications has motivated the development of a solid state optical space switch based on a novel planar-waveguide technology. This planar integrated optics technology relies on the thermo-optic effect in specialized optical polymer materials and results in reliable optical space switches without moving parts to wear out. This article reviews the state of the art in solid state optical space switches based on thermo-optic polymers and applications of these switches in network communication systems. The same polymer-based planar waveguide technology used to make the solid state optical space switches of today provides the basis for WDM devices. Electro-optic modulators, and devices integrating several functions (space switching, wavelength multiplexing, light generation and detection) in one component in the years to come     

High power and high sensitivity planar lightwave circuit moduleincorporating a novel passive alignment method

A high-power, high-sensitivity planar lightwave circuit (PLC) module, comprising a laser diode (LD) and a photodiode (PD) surface mounted on a PLC platform, has been realized by a novel passive alignment technique. We used a spot-size transformed LD and a corner-illuminated PD to form a highly efficient optical coupling between the devices and a PLC waveguide. We used the unique marker alignment method to ensure accurate positioning of them. The positioning precision achieved in the lateral direction was within 1 μm for the LD's and within 10 μm for the PD's. The rotational precision was within 0.4° for both chips. We realized high power operation (>8 mW) with a high receiver sensitivity (0.3 A/W). In this paper, we describe a high power, high sensitivity PLC incorporating a novel passive optical alignment technique for LD's and PD's     

Low-Loss Polymer-Based Long-Range Surface Plasmon-Polariton Waveguide

To improve the propagation loss of polymer-based long-range surface-plasmon-polariton (LR-SPP) waveguide devices at the telecom wavelength range, low-loss LR-SPP waveguides were fabricated in an ultraviolet-curable acrylate polymer with a low refractive index and absorption loss. A propagation loss of 1.72 dB/cm at a wavelength of 1.55 mum was achieved with a 14-nm-thick and 3-mum-wide metal stripe.     

High reliability optical splitters composed of silica-based planarlightwave circuits

The environmental and mechanical reliability of a planar lightwave circuit (PLC)-type optical splitter modules is investigated with reference to the Bellcore requirements. The module is composed of Y-branching silica-based waveguides on Si connected to optical fiber with UV-curable adhesives and is packaged in a metal case which is filled with humidity-resistant resin. High optical performance such as low loss, low reflection, and thermal stability are obtained through the use of this fiber connection technique. Ten reliability tests including long-term environmental and mechanical tests were carried out for more than ten PLC splitter modules. Under one of the most severe sets of conditions (75°C and 90% RH), all the 19 samples we tested were stable for more than 5000 hours. Other tests confirmed that the PLC splitters offer long-term stability and that their optical characteristics have sufficient mechanical strength. These results indicate that the PLC splitters can be used for practical applications     

2005光纤通信新进展

文章主要介绍OFC-NFOEC（Optical Fiber Communication Conference＆National Fiber Optics Engineers Conference）会议的技术内容和其他,包括：系统和器件.这些内容作者认为是有情景、有特点和有兴趣的.在系统中,重点介绍了光纤到家庭（FTTH）、自动交动光网络（ASON）以及IP光网络.在器件中,介绍了光开关、波长可调器件和平面光波电路（PLC）.文章主要读者是中国科技人员.所有的介绍都是粗略的,需要进一步了解的读者可以查阅有关文献（见编号）。