Dynamic resource control mechanism for multimedia overlay transport in NGN

This paper investigates a dynamic resource control mechanism to efficiently deliver NGN multimedia services while supporting quality of service (QoS) requirements and bandwidth flexibility in next generation networks (NGN). The proposed resource control aims to realize the dynamic and automatic setup and release of multimedia resource sessions across heterogeneous transport networks including IP, SONET/SDH, and WDM technologies. It can also provide not only low cost operations but also flexibility for multimedia resource control.     

QoS Control for NGN: A Survey of Techniques

This article presents an overview of standards and a survey of recent work on quality of service (QoS) control of next generation networks (NGNs). We outline primarily standardized QoS control architectures with respect to the service and transport strata of NGN. In the service stratum, QoS parameter negotiation using core IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) procedures is described. In the transport stratum, the resource control and admission schemes of IMS (3GPP), resource admission control function (ITU-T), and resource access control system (ETSI/TISPAN) are explained and compared with each other in terms of QoS coverage and number of required signaling messages. In addition, we give a survey of papers on QoS control architectures, which further strengthen existing standards by adaptively managing QoS modification according to user’s QoS changes and consistent QoS support for mobile users. Finally, we conclude this article with a discussion of further work of the QoS control for NGN.     

一种基于分段共享的预测式错误恢复机制

In MPLS/GMPLS networks, a range of restoration schemes will be required to support trade-offs between service interruption time and network resource utilization. Although, the tradition protectionbased and reservation-based recovery schemes exist some merits,but they can not provide a good trade-offs. In this paper,we propose a Prognostic Segment-based Sharing Recovery Mechanism(PSSRM)for restoration of connection over shared bandwidth in a fully distributed GMPLS architecture. PSSRM can use QoS constraints such as bandwidth and recovery time to obtain the good trade-offs of recovery time and resource efficiency.     

多业务IP网络呼叫接纳控制模型和算法

呼叫接纳控制(CAC)是多业务IP网络QoS的关键技术。文章主要研究在采用多协议标记交换(MPLS)传送机制的区分服务(DiffServ)网络中引入带宽代理(BB)资源管理实体条件下的呼叫接纳控制模型和算法。文章在分析比较三类常用呼叫接纳控制技术的基础上,提出了基于参数模型和网络测量相结合的控制模型,给出了该模型的核心控制算法,设计了算法实现流程,并在ns-2.26上进行了仿真实验。仿真结果表明,该文提出的控制模型和算法既能确保各类业务所需的QoS,又能有效地提高网络资源利用率。     

A Review of Policy-Based Resource and Admission Control Functions in Evolving Access and Next Generation Networks

The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) adopted in the core of Next Generation Networks (NGNs) promises to make network management easier by separating the control and the transport planes. Therefore, an interface between applications and the underlying transport network has been defined that offers a dynamic and efficient management of network resources based on a policy-based resource control engine. The resulting resource management framework enables the delivery of both the existing carrier grade existing and the next generation Quality of Service (QoS) sensitive services across operator-controlled networks using heterogeneous transport technologies. This review sheds some light into the policy control layer concept and the extended nomenclature introduced by current standardization works. The approaches of international standards development organizations, such as the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), the WiMAX Forum, and CableLabs are reviewed and compared with each other revealing the common architectural trend. Challenges and works in progress of NGN resource management towards Fixed and Mobile Convergence (FMC) are discussed as well.

SLA-Driven Clustering of QoS-Aware Application Servers

In this paper, we discuss the design, implementation, and experimental evaluation of a middleware architecture for enabling service level agreement (SLA)-driven clustering of QoS-aware application servers. Our middleware architecture supports application server technologies with dynamic resource management: application servers can dynamically change the amount of clustered resources assigned to hosted applications on-demand so as to meet application-level quality of service (QoS) requirements. These requirements can include timeliness, availability, and high throughput and are specified in SLAs. A prototype of our architecture has been implemented using the open-source J2EE application server JBoss. The evaluation of this prototype shows that our approach makes possible JBoss' resource usage optimization and allows JBoss to effectively meet the QoS requirements of the applications it hosts, i.e., to honor the SLAs of those applications     

A Service Oriented Architecture-based Approach for Interdomain Optical Network Services

This work presents a service-oriented architecture for interdomain service provisioning in optical networks. The architecture introduces a service layer that concentrates all the interactions among domains necessary for service provisioning. A service layer is an alternative to the GMPLS (Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching) architecture, but without a rigid control plane as found in GMPLS. We start by defining a set of basic services to provide single end-to-end (e2e) interdomain connections. Then, more sophisticated services are created through the composition of these basic services. The interdomain Optical VPN (Virtual Private Network) service is considered in order to illustrate the composition of services. A prototype of the architecture was designed and implemented using Web services as the main technology. The architecture was evaluated in terms of speed, scalability, and bandwidth consumption necessary to establish e2e interdomain connections and Optical VPNs.

Linking market uncertainty to VoIP service architectures

The flexibility of packet-switching technologies, coupled with the economic benefits of sending voice over IP networks, is accelerating the convergence of data and voice. It remains unclear, however, which voice-over-IP (VoIP) architecture will best meet user needs, which services will be most successful, and where in the network these services should reside. The question of where to place services in IP telephone networks depends on many variables, including the end systems' capabilities, the amount of interaction the service requires with the end user, and the network infrastructure's architecture. The limited ability of dumb end devices, such as the telephones in the public switched telephone network (PSTN), force service providers to implement services within the network. Smart end systems allow providers more choice in where to locate services. This article describes the main architectural options for VOW and discusses their associated economic effects. By focusing on the relationship between architecture and market uncertainty, the author demonstrates how high uncertainty enhances the value of architectures that allow distributed network services.     

A novel pricing approach to support QoS in 3G networks

Pricing in 3G and other communication networks may control and manage the utilisation of network resources. The available network resources get strained with increased usage levels, which results in poor service to the users. Most users prefer receiving high quality services at affordable costs. This requires the provision of QoS guarantees for network services at a low cost. In a real business scenario, this relationship is hard to achieve; moreover revenue sources for network operators have been shifting from the provision of network access to provisioning of rich services, e.g. multimedia services. To attain a functional compromise, we propose a pricing scheme that relies on service profiles to manage resource utilisation in a DiffServ-enabled 3G network. The service profiles define the QoS achieved for accessing services through a common resource pool, in which resource sharing is used to maximise network resource utilisation, user satisfaction and profits for the network operators. In an NGN scenario users would select pricing profiles according to their budgets, and the network will map these profiles to a set of QoS options that may translate to the choice of an access network for service access. In this paper, we present the mathematical model of the proposed pricing scheme, the proposed design of an evaluation framework, QoS performance results, and a service provisioning scenario illustrating the applicability of the proposed pricing scheme.     

业务感知技术的下一代校园网QoS研究与仿真

基于软交换技术的下一代网络(NGN)具有分组化的、开放的、分层的网络体系结构,是未来网络的发展方向。本文通过研究当前软交换网络QoS的解决方案,提出了基于业务感知技术的贵州大学下一代校园网动态QoS模型。通过在OPNET中建立下一代校园网的网络模型,并对相关业务的QoS性能进行仿真,结果表明业务感知技术能为下一代校园网中的QoS提供一定的保障。     

Using cross-layer metrics to improve the performance of end-to-end handover mechanisms

Network centric handover solutions for all IP wireless networks usually require modifications to network infrastructure which can stifle any potential rollout. This has led researchers to begin looking at alternative approaches. Endpoint centric handover solutions do not require network infrastructure modification, thereby alleviating a large barrier to deployment. Current endpoint centric solutions capable of meeting the delay requirements of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) fail to consider the Quality of Service (QoS) that will be achieved after handoff. The main contribution of this paper is to demonstrate that QoS aware handover mechanisms which do not require network support are possible. This work proposes a Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) based handover solution for VoIP called Endpoint Centric Handover (ECHO). ECHO incorporates cross-layer metrics and the ITU-T E-Model for voice quality assessment to accurately estimate the QoS of candidate handover networks, thus facilitating a more intelligent handoff decision. An experimental testbed was developed to analyse the performance of the ECHO scheme. Results are presented showing both the accuracy of ECHO at estimating the QoS and that the addition of the QoS capabilities significantly improves the handover decisions that are made.     

一种可支持多种多媒体业务的基于IMS的IPTV架构

IP多媒体子系统用于实现端到端的IP多媒体通信,具有接入无关性、对各种接入技术广适性的特点,因此,下一代网络采用IP多媒体子系统作为核心架构.提出一个基于IP多媒体子系统的IP电视架构,在IP多媒体子系统核心模块的基础上,以一组互相独立的基于会话初始化协议的功能模块构成应用服务器,并设计了能够支持和提供不同IM S业务的客户端与内容提供商端,使该IPTV框架可以在下一代网络上支持基于IP多媒体子系统的包括IPTV业务在内的多种多媒体业务.     

基于Parlay API的NGN业务生成环境的研究

下一代网络(NGN)将融合无线电话网和固定电话网，同时融合电路交换、包交换等各种交换方式，在NGNT下可以快速有效地开发和部署电信新业务，是目前的研究热点。文中论述了Parlay API的体系结构和应用程序编程接口，在此基础上提出了基于Parlay API的NGN业务生成环境(SCE)的设计方案。该方案弥补了现有SCE在“厂商无关性”和“平台兼容性”方面存在的缺陷，使业务开发商能迅速高效地开发出个性化的电信业务。     

Access and service convergence over the mobile internet – A survey

Next generation heterogeneous wireless networks are expected to interwork with Internet Protocol (IP)-based infrastructures. Conventional network services operate like silos in that a specific set of services are offered over a specific type of access network. It is desirable for users to be able to roam between fixed and mobile networks that employ different access technologies. Therefore, mobility management with quality of service (QoS) support is of particular importance and one of the driving forces of convergence. Since service providers often provide more than one service to their subscribers, it is important to facilitate convergence of network charging architecture through a common charging framework. One of the main issues of IP-based convergence is security and privacy. This requires coordination of different security policies in diverse networks that have different security levels and capabilities. The business case for migration to an IP-based platform motivates operators to deliver more powerful services for customers as well as a better user experience. This paper provides an overview of converged mobile Internet architectures and their implications on QoS, charging/billing and security, as well as emerging business models for telecommunication services.     

多媒体信息网络QoS的控制*

文章综述了多媒体信息网络在服务质量(QoS)研究方面的一些最近的工作,着重论述了接纳控制和信源整形、QoS选路和资源预留、基于QoS的传输调度、综合服务网的QoS控制等问题.文章还描述了多媒体信息网络QoS控制的技术以及所面临的问题和进一步的研究方向.     

多媒体信息网络

This is a review paper on recent works about quality of service (QoS) of multimedia information networks. A brief of the technologies considered in the literatures is given in this paper. These technologies include admission control, traffic shaping, QoS routing, resource reservation, QoS based scheduling, and QoS control for integrated services. A few of methodologies, research directions and open problems in this area are discussed in this paper.     

Internet区分服务及其几个热点问题的研究

综述了Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ在区分服务（Ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｔｅｄ ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ,Ｄｉｆｆｓｅｒｖ）研究方面的一些最新的工作,分析了Ｄｉｆｆｓｅｒｖ的体系结构、Ｄｉｆｆｓｅｒｖ的典型服务与技术,并着重论述了Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ Ｄｉｆｆｓｅｒｖ所面临的问题,包括Ｄｉｆｆｓｅｒｖ与综合服务（Ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄ ｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｓ,Ｉｎｔｓｅｒｖ）相结合的端到端服务质量（ＱｏＳ）提供机制、Ｄｉｆｆｓｅｒｖ     

The IP multimedia domain: service architecture for the delivery of voice, data, and next generation multimedia applications

The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is defined by the 3 ^rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) as a new core network domain. IMS provides a service control platform that allows creation of new multimedia and multi-session applications utilizing wireless and wireline transport capabilities. In this paper we will cover the concepts and standards defining IMS and review the network architecture from a mobile perspective. We will see how IMS interacts with the Packet Switched Domain (e.g. Wireless LAN, GPRS, and UMTS networks), the Internet, and application services. Then we will examine the key IMS capabilities and show how they can be combined to create new mobile IP services. Finally, we present a software architecture, which is enabled by IMS and allows development of unique applications (with multimedia/multi-session functionality, single/multi-user, service to user). The software architecture is illustrated by an example of a prototype application. This work was done when the author was with Siemens Communications Inc., Boca Raton, FL     

Edge-limited scalable QoS flow set-up

Although the Differentiated Services architecture supports scalable packet forwarding based on aggregate flows, the detailed procedure of Quality of Service (QoS) flow set-up within this architecture has not been well established. In this paper we explore the possibility of a scalable QoS flow set-up using a sink-tree paradigm. The paradigm initially constructs a sink tree at each egress edge router using network topology and bandwidth information provided by a QoS extended version of Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), which is a widely used link-state routing protocol. Our sink-tree paradigm dynamically reallocates network bandwidths online according to traffic demands. As a consequence, our paradigm easily supports QoS routing, resource allocation, and admission control at ingress edge routers without consulting core routers in a way that the QoS flow set-up time and overhead are minimized. Simulation results are very encouraging in that the proposed methodology requires significantly less communication overhead in setting up QoS flows compared to the traditional per-flow signaling-based methodology while still maintaining high resource utilization.     

The IP multimedia domain: service architecture for the delivery of voice, data, and next generation multimedia applications

The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is defined by the 3^rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) as a new core network domain. IMS provides a service control platform that allows creation of new multimedia and multi-session applications utilizing wireless and wireline transport capabilities. In this paper we will cover the concepts and standards defining IMS and review the network architecture from a mobile perspective. We will see how IMS interacts with the Packet Switched Domain (e.g. Wireless LAN, GPRS, and UMTS networks), the Internet, and application services. Then we will examine the key IMS capabilities and show how they can be combined to create new mobile IP services. Finally, we present a software architecture, which is enabled by IMS and allows development of unique applications (with multimedia/multi-session functionality, single/multi-user, service to user). The software architecture is illustrated by an example of a prototype application. This work was done when the author was with Siemens Communications Inc., Boca Raton, FL