采用纳米铜改善二冲程油润滑性的试验研究

本文研究了加入纳米铜添加剂的润滑油在二冲程发动机标准试验程序下的润滑性。试验结果表明，纳米铜添加剂加入润滑油后，对二冲程发动机润滑性能有改善作用，并可降低发动机的摩擦损失功。     

机油添加剂对在用车辆发动机减磨效果的研究

本文根据市场上对机油添加剂的使用介绍，有目的地筛选几种添加剂对在用车辆发动机进行减磨效果试验，通过试验，所选润滑油添加剂能起到减磨作用，延长发动机使用寿命。在此基础上，提出了进一步研究的方向。     

内燃机润滑油添加剂抗磨损能力及其对发动机性能影响的试验研究

本文通过对几种选型的发动机润滑油添加剂的专用摩擦磨损试验机试验和发动机呆性能对比试验,证实了此类机油添加剂的减磨作用效果。分析了两种志用摩擦磨损试验机的试验结果与发动机性能试验结果的对应关系,从而提出了进一步试验研究的方向。     

甲醇发动机润滑油特性研究

甲醇汽车发动机在台架试验过程容易出现如发动机冷启动困难、零部件磨损异常、橡胶件溶胀以及润滑油乳化、结焦、油泥等问题。基于甲醇燃料的特性及对发动机润滑油的影响,采用发动机台架试验研究使用不同润滑油时甲醇发动机的磨损和润滑油理化性质变化情况。研究结果表明,通过调整润滑油添加剂和润滑油黏度等级可以有效缓解甲醇发动机的磨损、结焦等问题。     

甲醇发动机机油特性研究

甲醇汽车发动机在台架试验过程容易出现如发动机冷启动困难、零部件磨损异常、橡胶件溶胀以及润滑油 乳化、结焦、油泥等问题。基于甲醇燃料的特性及对发动机润滑油的影响,采用发动机台架试验研究使用不同润滑油时 甲醇发动机的磨损和润滑油理化性质变化情况。研究结果表明,通过调整润滑油添加剂和润滑油黏度等级可以有效缓解 甲醇发动机的磨损、结焦等问题。     

润滑油添加剂生物毒性的研究

采用发光细菌作为试验生物,对几种典型发动机润滑油添加剂的生物毒性进行了试验研究。该方法为油类污染的生物监测和水生生态毒理学研究提供了新的试验生物模型。试验结果表明，添加剂具有一定的生物毒性且差异很大,其使用范围和比例受到生物毒性指标的限制；润滑油的生物毒性主要取决于其添加剂的生物毒性。这对添加剂的合理使用具有指导意义,亦为研究低生物毒性、环境友好润滑油提供了基础数据.研究中发现，一般润滑油添加剂水融合一组分（WAF）溶液载荷率与其相对发光度呈指数递减关系，并给出了基本经验公式。     

四冲程摩托车发动机油行车试验研究

本文介绍了几种商品四冲摩托车专用润滑油在嘉陵ＪＨ１２５Ｄ型摩托车上的行车试验研究。试验结果表明,运用合理的添加剂配方技术,提高润滑油的抗氧化能力是改善四冲程发动机油清净性和抗磨性的关键。     

纳米TiN对润滑油性能的影响及其在柴油发动机上的应用

控制纳米TiN添加量处于0.25%~1%范围内,利用MRS-10A四球摩擦试验机研究其对润滑油性能的影响。利用磨斑测量系统、激光共聚焦扫描显微镜OLS  1100和EDX能谱仪测试分析含纳米TiN润滑油的摩擦磨损及修复性能。在柴油发动机试验台上考察含有0.5%纳米TiN的润滑油对发动机运转性能的改善,在不同转速条件下检测润滑油添加剂对发动机外特性的影响。试验结果表明：含有0.5%纳米TiN的润滑油比基础油的抗磨减摩及自修复性能更好。纳米TiN润滑油添加剂能显著提高润滑油质量,减小发动机摩擦功,降低机油温度,改善发动机的运转性能,提高发动机的功率和转矩,降低耗油率,从而达到延长发动机的使用寿命和节约能源的目的。     

二冲程汽油机油清净性行车试验研究

本文介绍了几种二冲程摩托车专用润滑油在轻骑AG50型轻便摩托车上的野外行车清净性试验研究。研究结果认为,合理地平衡油品清净性与润滑性的添加剂配方技术是提高二冲程发动机油质量的关键。     

含纳米陶瓷添加剂的汽油机油行车试验研究

应用含纳米陶瓷添加剂的汽油机油与国内知名品牌润滑油(不含纳米添加剂)进行行车试验.结果表明,含纳米陶瓷添加剂的汽油机油能完全满足汽车发动机的用油要求,且纳米陶瓷机油在抗磨性能方面要优于参比机油,表明纳米陶瓷添加剂可以提高润滑油的抗磨性能.     

纳米二氧化钛的光催化与减摩性能研究进展

纳米二氧化钛(TiO₂)作为一种环境和能源领域出色的光催化剂以及一种新型的发动机纳米润滑油添加剂,受到越来越多的关注。综述纳米TiO₂复合材料在不同掺杂方式下在光催化方面的研究及应用进展,以及纳米TiO₂及其复合材料作为润滑油添加剂的研究及应用进展;总结了综合考虑纳米TiO₂复合材料光催化与减摩性能的研究现状,指出将纳米TiO₂及其复合材料作为发动机润滑油添加剂时,应综合考虑其光催化与减摩性能,从而实现在减摩的同时降低污染物排放。     

Performance of Used Engine Oil as Gear-Cutting Oil

In Japan, the lubricating oil used for the internal combustion engine of passenger cars is usually exchanged for fresh oil after running a distance in the range from 3,000 to 10,000 km. Refining of the used engine oil is very costly because friction-reducing additives containing sulfur, phosphorus, etc., are included in the oil. Therefore, wasted engine oil (used engine oil) is burned in many cases. This investigation was conducted to effectively re-use wasted engine oil without chemical refining. Performance of used engine oil as a gear-cutting oil was examined by conducting five kinds of experiments: (a) chemical analyses of the oils, (b) measurements of friction coefficients on the four-ball tester, (c) tool wear tests using a lathe, (d) tool life tests using a gear-cutting machine, and (e) accuracy and surface finish of the cut gears. In contrast to general expectations, longer tool lives were obtained when the used engine oils were used instead of a high-grade gear-cutting oil. The reason for this was discussed and it was concluded that used engine oil may be used as a high-performance gear-cutting oil if health risks for workers are removed.     

用SRV试验机评价柴油机油摩擦磨损性能

采用SRV 4型摩擦磨损试验机为试验平台,以某商用车公司提供的发动机缸套-活塞环截取件作为摩擦副试验件,以15W-40 CF-4和15W-40 CI-4发动机油为润滑介质,建立评价柴油机油摩擦磨损性能的模拟试验方法,并使用该方法对油品配方中减摩剂的区分性及不同材质活塞环与润滑油的适配性等进行考察。试验结果表明:建立的模拟试验方法能较好地区分出具有优异抗磨性能的柴油机油,同样对油品配方中减摩剂和不同材质活塞环与润滑油适配性等有着较好的区分性,可以作为润滑油品开发者和OEM汽车厂家对油品配方开发和摩擦副材质筛选的模拟评价手段。     

Antifriction action of engine oil additives

The mechanism of the antifriction action of engine oil additives remains unclear. In order to elucidate this, tribological tests of various additives were carried out using friction machines and a multi‐cylinder engine. Investigation of the friction surfaces was carried out using Auger electron spectroscopy. Comparative tests revealed compounds capable of increasing the thermal stability of the lubricating layers and decreasing the friction coefficient over a wide range of temperatures. An interrelation was established between the efficiency of the antifriction action of additives and their influence on the composition and thickness of the surface layers. The most effective antifriction action is due to the localisation of tribochemical processes of formation of secondary structures in thinner surface layers. The results obtained can explain the behaviour of zinc and molybdenum dithiophosphates and dithiocarbamates, and detergents of different composition and basicity, and their influence on the antifriction properties of engine oils.     

Experimental analysis of tribological properties of lubricating oils with nanoparticle additives

This study examined the tribological properties of two lubricating oils, an API-SF engine oil and a Base oil, with CuO, TiO₂, and Nano-Diamond nanoparticles used as additives. The friction and wear experiments were performed using a reciprocating sliding tribotester. The experimental results show that nanoparticles, especially CuO, added to standard oils exhibit good friction-reduction and anti-wear properties. The addition of CuO nanoparticles in the API-SF engine oil and the Base oil decreased the friction coefficient by 18.4 and 5.8%, respectively, and reduced the worn scar depth by 16.7 and 78.8%, respectively, as compared to the standard oils without CuO nanoparticles. In addition, investigations were performed using TEM, OM, SEM, and EDX to interpret the possible mechanisms of anti-friction and anti-wear with nanoparticles.     

Ionic Liquids as Novel Lubricants and Additives for Diesel Engine Applications

The lubricating properties of two ionic liquids (ILs) with the same anion but different cations, one ammonium IL [C₈H₁₇]₃NH.Tf₂N and one imidazolium IL C₁₀mim.Tf₂N, were evaluated both in neat form and as oil additives. Experiments were conducted using a standardized reciprocating sliding test with a segment of a Cr-plated diesel engine piston ring against a gray cast iron flat specimen. The cast iron surface was prepared with simulated honing marks as on a typical internal combustion engine cylinder liner. The selected ILs were benchmarked against conventional hydrocarbon oils. Substantial friction and wear reductions, up to 55% and 34%, respectively, were achieved for the neat ILs compared to a fully formulated 15W40 engine oil. Adding 5 vol% ILs into mineral oil has demonstrated significant improvement in the lubricity. One blend even outperformed the 15W40 engine oil with 9% lower friction and 34% less wear. Lubrication regime modeling, worn surface morphology examination, and surface chemical analysis were conducted to help understand the lubricating mechanisms for ILs. Results suggest great potential for using ionic liquids as base lubricants or lubricant additives for diesel engine applications.     

The shell low velocity friction machine for evaluating fuel economy motor oils

Reduction in friction between rubbing surfaces (i.e. boundary friction) in engines gives better engine efficiency and hence fuel economy; this can be obtained by adding suitable boundary lubricating additives to the motor oil.A simple method of measuring the boundary friction of motor oils was devised using a modified Shell four-ball machine. The results obtained showed broad agreement with fuel economy findings obtained with a car on a test track.     

车用发动机润滑油的选择与使用

介绍了汽车发动机润滑油分类方法,为确保车辆经常处于良好技术状况,延长车辆的使用寿命,阐述了如何根据发动机机型、发动机工作条件、季节气温、发动机性能和技术状况正确选用发动机润滑油的黏度级和使用级,并介绍了机油使用时的注意事项。     

Feasibility of Observing Small Differences in Friction Mean Effective Pressure between Different Lubricating Oil Formulations Using a Small,Single-Cylinder Motored Engine Rig

The feasibility of using a motored single-cylinder 517 cc diesel engine to observe small frictional differences between oil formulations is investigated. Friction mean effective pressure (FMEP) is measured and compared for an SAE 10W-30 and an SAE 5W-20 oil in three stages of production: base oil, commercial oil without a friction and wear reducing additive, and fully formulated commercial oil. In addition, a commercial SAE 5W-30 engine oil is investigated. Friction mean effective pressure is plotted versus oil dynamic viscosity to compare the lubricant FMEP at a given viscosity. Linear regressions and average friction mean effective pressure are used as a secondary means of comparing FMEP for the various oil formulations. Differences between the oils are observed with the base oil having higher friction at a given viscosity but a lower average FMEP due to the temperature distribution of the test and lower viscosities reached by the base oil. The commercial oil is shown to have both a higher FMEP at a given viscosity and a higher average FMEP than the commercial oil without a friction and wear reducing additive. The increase in friction for the oil without a friction and wear reduction additive indicates that the operational regime of the engine may be out of the bounds of the optimal regime for the additive or that the additive is more optimized for wear reduction. Results show that it is feasible to observe small differences in FMEP between lubricating oil formulations using a small, single-cylinder motored engine.