MPEG-2传输流PSI信息合成和复用技术的实现

本文从MPEG-2标准的角度,就数字电视信源端将节目流(PS)转换为传输流环节(TS)对节目专用信息(PSI)处理的原理和方法进行讨论,描述了PSI信息合成和复用插入TS流的具体步骤,以及DVB标准对PSI的扩展。     

变码率TS流动态复用算法设计

为使视频服务器直接播出变码率的TS流节目,提出了一种变码率TS流动态复用算法,根据当前PCR值计算得到码流的实时速率,然后根据此速率对插入到MPTS（多节目传输流）中的TS包数量进行调整,从而实时地调整码率的播出速率。测试结果表明该算法简单有效,所生成复用流的各项指标符合标准。     

MPEG-2传输流多路复用的软件设计与实现

对13818-1系统部分码流结构进行分析,对节目特殊信息(PSI)获取、重构、PID重映射、节目参考时钟(PCR)修正等关键技术进行了研究.结合交织调度算法,加入空包补偿,用软件方法设计并实现了基于MPEG-2传输流的多路复用器.通过测试,该复用器可将6路单节目传输流(SFIS)复用为1路多节目传输流(MPTS),并且解复用后,视频、音频具有很好的同步效果.     

DVB码流中的业务信息的应用

在数字电视系统中,所有视频、音频、数据经过数字化处理后都变成了以MPEG-2标准打成的固定长度(204/188个字节)的数据包,然后将这些数据包进行复用,形成若干个传输流(TS流),通常每个频点对应一个TS复用流,每个频点的TS流由多个节目及业务组成.为了方便数字电视的终端设备顺利快捷地找到需要的码流,在MPEG-2标准中,专门定义了PSI信息,其作用是自动设置和引导接收机进行解码,PSI信息通过复用器插入到TS流中,并用特定的PID(包标识符)进行标识.     

单节目变码率TS流复用算法的研究及实现

1前言 在数字电视中,节目的音视频信息经过编码后的数据,称为基本流（ES）,为了满足传输需要,这些ES数据一般还要经过打包（PES）复用成传输流（TS）。TS流有两种,一种是仅包含单个节目的音视频的TS流,我们称为单节目TS流,另一种是多个节目打包复用成一个TS流,我们称之为多节目复用TS流。     

基于软件实现的MPEG-2传输流复用器研究

介绍了基于软件实现的MPEG-2传输流复用器的多路TS流复用软件总体结构、对多种TS流中的信息提取和节目特殊信息PSI合成,以及软件复用中的多线程编程和节目时钟参考PCR的修正问题.     

基于PC实现的HDTV传输流解复用

根据实际应用需要,将数字卫星接收机接收到的HDTV多节目传输流(MPTS)解成单节目传输流(SPTS)用于编辑站编辑处理,并实现解复用后的单节目传输流的任意恒定码率变换.其中的关键技术是PSI/SI信息的重置和码率变换时产生的PCR抖动校正.该方法基于PC实现,在实际应用中具有良好的效果.     

一种传输流复用器的软件实现方法

用软件实现离线码流复用功能具有特有的优势，根据原始流中的PSI和PCR信息，探讨一种基于PC机的MPEG-2传输流软件复用调度策略和PCR修正方法，采用的码流素材是存储在PC机上的单节目或多节目传输流，该方案也是研究在线实时码流复用的前期工作。     

自办节目的数字化方案

电子节目指南是在符合MPEG-2的TS传输流中插入DVB标准定义的业务信息(Service Informa-tion,SI)、业务描述表(SDT)、节目描述表(EIT)等信息,SDT表用于描述系统中服务的名称、服务提供者、是否有相应的事件描述表等方面的信息,EIT表包括事件或节目的有关数据,如事件的名称、开始     

AVS标准系统层介绍及复用的实现

在介绍AVS标准的系统部分的基础上,阐述了与MPEG-2标准系统部分的联系与区别.给出了一种易于实现的以帧为单位打PES分组包的复用方法,实现了完全符合AVS标准的传输流和节目流的复用.并且,利用AVS系统部分与MPEG-2系统部分的高度兼容性,给出了一种成本极其低廉的实现AVS音视频数据流复用解复用的方法.该方法完全不需要研制AVS复用解复用设备,而是利用现有的MPEG-2复用解复用设备就实现了AVS标准的传输流和节目流的复用.     

Application of MPEG-2 Systems to Terrestrial ISDB (ISDB-T)

NHK has developed the band segmented transmission orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (BST-OFDM) scheme for the transmission system of Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T). This scheme provides the great advantages of hierarchical transmission and partial reception. To provide commonality with other systems, the transport signal of ISDB-T adopts the MPEG-2 transport stream (TS). However, TS has been designed for neither hierarchical transmission nor partial reception. Thus, to fulfil the requirements of ISDB-T, the TS has been adapted to provide effective hierarchical transmissions and partial reception. This paper describes the TS generation methods used by the remultiplexer for minimizing receiver processing load. Briefly, they are: 1) a method enabling hierarchical transmission and partial reception of a single TS; 2) a method relating a TS packet to a segment of the OFDM signal; 3) a method for interfacing the remultiplexer with a modulator at a single constant clock; 4) a method for reconstructing a serial TS at receivers from hierarchical transmission signals allotted to layers in parallel by an OFDM multicarrier; and 5) a method for correctly recovering the program clock reference (PCR) at a "partial reception" receiver, even if the TS rate of the receiver is different from that of the transmission side.     

一种软件调整PCR的实现方法

在DVB系统中，PCR的精度决定了TS流能否被终端设备解析，是必须考虑的一个关键技术，详细介绍一种简便的软件调整PCR的方法，调整后经码流分析仪分析结果显示，调整的精度高，效果令人满意，同时该方法也可以应用到基于MPEG-2标准的码流复用系统中。     

一种软件调整PCR的实现方法

在DVB系统中,PCR的精度决定了TS流能否被终端设备解析,是必须考虑的一个关键技术,详细介绍一种简便的软件调整PCR的方法,调整后经码流分析仪分析结果显示,调整的精度高,效果令人满意,同时该方法也可以应用到基于MPEG-2标准的码流复用系统中。     

Design of transmission and multiplexing systems for broadbandpacket networks

Dynamic time-division multiplexing (DTDM) is a flexible network transport technique capable of handling both continuous and bursty traffic effectively. By using three different multiplexing architectures in the network, DTDM permits graceful evolution of the existing circuit switching network into a flexible broadband packet communications network supporting integrated voice, data, and video traffic. The first multiplexing stage uses a packet assembler to multiplex different broadband services into a common DTDM-format serial bit stream. The second multiplexing stage uses a statistical packet multiplexer to concentrate network traffic for more efficient use of transmission facilities. The third multiplexing stage uses a synchronous time-division multiplexer for high-speed point-to-point transparent transmission. The multiplexer uses a simple tributary synchronization scheme based on positive and negative block justification, which combines the concept of controlled-slip and bit-stuffing techniques while maintaining information integrity. A generic CMOS LSI chip has been designed for use in the three-stage multiplexing system     

基于众核平台的多路超高清视频编码系统设计

首次展示一套基于低功耗众核TILE-36处理器平台的多路超高清实时系统.该系统可以同时编码4路HEVC超高清视频,并经过TS复用后以常码率的形式发送到解码端.为了保证编码系统稳定运行,采取了基于非线性R-Q模型的闭环码率控制来调整编码器的输出码率,同时引入缓存控制机制来确保系统总延时恒定,最后加入了基于帧数统计的时钟同步机制来同步系统中各模块的时钟.实验显示该系统能够长时间稳定运行,并具有同时编码4路HEVC超高清视频的能力.     

Packet-aware transport for metro networks

Today's metro networks have evolved from the need to support traditional voice and private line services. However, the tremendous growth in access to frame relay, ATM, IP, and Ethernet services, coupled with the desire of enterprise customers to interconnect via Ethernet interfaces, suggests the need for a new approach. This article proposes a new architecture for packet-aware transport networks (PATN) that supports both packet and traditional TDM services and leverages an assemblage of emerging technologies to provide efficient aggregation and switching of packet traffic in metro networks. The PATN has the potential to provide significant cost savings to carriers by reducing the number of network elements, reducing transport costs through statistical multiplexing, and eliminating the need for redundant multiplexing operations.     

数字视频系统前端包处理器的设计与仿真

在MPEG-2和DVB标准的基础上,通过对TS包格式及流信息分析,提出一种可行的数字视频系统前端包处理器的设计方案。该方案兼容DVB标准,可将IP数据流转换为TS流在MPEG-2层传送,并可按用户设定提高码流流速,进行节目筛选 ,其中对于PCR抖动的消除提出新的两次修正法,适用于多节目及单节目流并便于硬件实现,同时对于IP数据的处理也提出一种建立新IP-TS流以取代在原TS流复用节目的新思路和方法。本设计方案简单易行,性能满足系统要求,仿真生成数据的播放效果与原数据无差别。     

PTN and IP-Based Mobile Backhaul

Packet Transport Networks (PTN) combine the advantages of packet technology and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) technology.Taking the packet switch as its core, PTN has a high statistical multiplexing ability, which allows it to become a more efficient packet transfer service. Its strong Operation Administration and Maintenance (OAM)-similar to SDH and carrier-class security protection services-ensures efficient mobile backhaul business management and transmission quality. MPLS Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) packet transport network eliminates connectionless features, such as Penultimate Hop Popping (PHP), label merge and Equal-cost multi-path (ECMP), and is enhanced in terms of OAM, protection, and synchronization. This is ideally suited for carrying IP-based mobile backhaul services and key account services. PTN, original Multi-Service Transport Platform (MSTP), Metro Ethernet, and IP over Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM)/Optical Transport Network (OTN) of organic complexes, contribute to an "all IP" era of telecommunications services.