连铸中间包快速更换定径水口技术的应用

为提高中间包使用寿命，合钢第二炼钢厂采用手摆式连铸中间包快速更换定径水口技术。该技术装置由上下两块滑动水口组成，其中下水口通过一个滑道与备用水口连在一起。当下水口侵蚀严重需要更换时，利用杠杆原理，用人力将备用水口推到工作位置以取代原来的下水口，达到稳定钢流的目的。在30机R6m小方坯连铸机上应用共计9个浇次表明，在其它条件基本相同的情况下，平均单包连浇55．78炉(最高63炉)，平均连浇21．60h(最高24．23h)。钢水收得率由98．11％提高到98．36％，吨钢成本降低3．25元。     

镁质稳流器的开发应用

本文介绍了为连铸中间包研制振动成型镁质稳流器的过程及应用。所研制的镁质稳流器显著的减轻了钢水对中间包浇钢区的冲涮,使中间包寿命提高30％以上。     

中间包永久层整体打结的实践

中间包是连铸生产的一个关键热工设备，对连铸生产顺行起着决定性的作用。中间包采用永久层整体打结工艺，可大大降低耐材消耗，提高中间包利用率，减少中间包事故，提高连铸钢水的浇成率。     

济钢ASP生产线铝镇静钢钙处理工艺分析与实践

为改善济钢ASP薄板坯连铸连轧生产线钢水的连浇性,通过工业试验对钙处理工艺进行了研究和优化,使连铸中间包水口结瘤断浇次数由平均每个月4.2次降低到1.3次,提高了钢水的纯净度和质量。     

镁质料涂抹中间包技术的应用

济钢第一炼钢厂以涂抹料中间包替代绝热板中间包,经合理设计涂抹工艺及烘烤制度,中间包的平均寿命达到１９．９８炉。与使用绝热板中间包相比,平均连浇炉数由４７．６４炉提高到５１．１６炉,钢水收得率提高０．３５％,耐材消耗降低０．１５元／ｔ钢,并提高了钢水纯净度。     

水平连铸中间包

水平连铸中间包１．水平连铸中间包起什么作用？水平连铸中间包主要是联系炼钢炉与连铸机的中间环节。中间包主要作用是：（１）保温、储存钢水；（２）夹杂物能更充分上浮；（３）容易实现“多炉连浇”。中间包容量按炼钢炉容量或钢包容量选择。在炼钢炉容量较小时，钢包...     

中间包钢水温度控制研究及优化

为了提高中间包温度合格率,减少连铸机拉速波动,根据首秦现有工装设备条件,分析了中间包温度合格率较低的原因,研究了精炼周期、浇铸断面、工艺路线以及钢包状况对钢水温降的影响,同时总结出连铸中间包烘烤、开浇钢水温度变化以及浇钢过程钢水温度变化规律。通过提高优质钢包的周转数量、规范操作并精确控制精炼吊包温度、保持连铸中间包钢水温降稳定,使钢水中间包温度合格率达到92%以上,铸坯内部质量也得到一定改善。     

薄板坯中间包结构优化改造应用实践

主要阐述了薄板坯连铸中间包结构优化改造后的应用实践,通过中间包可熔型挡渣墙技术、中间包浸入式水口尺寸及安装优化改进等措施,有效降低了浇次第一炉铸坯的夹杂物含量,杜绝了浇次开浇裹渣漏钢事故的发生.中间包塞棒及工作层等耐火材料寿命有效提高,最高连浇炉数稳定提高到了34炉/浇次.     

中间包快速更换技术的应用

本文介绍连铸中间包更换操作的主要工艺参数及其试验结果。试验结果表明:中间包快速更换技术,操作简单、技术经济效益好,是实现全连铸车间的必要措施。1概况连铸生产就要充分发挥连铸机"连"的优势,使其多炉连浇.70年代中期,国外已把发展多炉连浇技术作为提高钢水收得率及提高连铸机生产率和节约能源等的重要措施。     

连铸中间包异钢种连浇生产实践

针对连铸大圆坯生产线生产的特殊钢种类多以及多为小批量生产的特点,为了减少连铸慢换中间包次数和热停工时间,在连铸中间包进行异钢种混浇生产试验,探索混浇生产过程中浇铸顺序、不同拉速、中间包钢液液位等控制方式对铸坯混浇区域长度的影响,为判定混浇坯长度提供可靠的数据支撑.通过对不同试验混浇坯成分的分析比对,结果表明:连铸坯中心...     

广东罗定船步铁炉村古代冶金遗址初步研究

铁炉村冶金遗址位于广东省罗定市船步镇铁炉村附近的丘陵脚底,遗存面积约200 m2。团队从2013年至今开展多次田野调查并取样。采用扫描电镜及能谱分析（SEM-EDS）、金（矿）相、加速器质谱（AMS）碳十四断代等研究手段,对铁炉村遗址的7个炉渣和2个金属铁块样品进行了成分和显微组织的检测分析,对1份木炭样品开展14C检测。研究结果表明,该遗址既是生铁冶炼遗址又是生铁炒钢冶金遗址。生铁冶炼炉渣是铁硅铝系高硅低铁渣。遗址遗存的大块金属样品的显微组织为铁素体,磷偏析严重,为生铁炒钢产品;其相对应的炒钢炉渣为铁硅铝系高铁渣。此类高铁渣基体局部留存有大量浮氏体等。该遗址为迄今我国发现的第一处明确遗存有古代炒钢冶金产品的遗址。该遗址遗存的竖炉及生铁冶炼炉渣、炒铁炉、炒钢产品及其冶金炉渣等一整套较为齐全证据链的生铁冶炼及生铁炒钢冶金遗物,目前国内仅见一处,将为确立古代生铁炒钢渣的鉴别标准等提供重要的科学资料。AMS-C14检测结果显示,遗址至晚距今570±25 (BP)（约元中至明初）开始钢铁冶金活动。     

Properties of bearing steel extruded from powder obtained by spraying of molten production chips

Conclusions Bearing steel bars may be produced by extrusion of powder produced by spraying of molten production chips with nitrogen. This makes it possible to introduce recycling of metal scrap in the production plant.Extruded powder metallurgy steel has the same density as cast steel and is at least as good in mechanical properties.The fracture toughness of the extruded steel in relation to austenitizing temperature is lower than for rolled steel. Heat treatment produces high strength properties. The extruded powder metallurgy steel has higher contact resistance than the cast. As the result of annealing of extruded powder metallurgy bearing steel a more uniform relationship of contact resistance to austenitizing temperature is obtained.It would be desirable to more thoroughly investigate the extrusion conditions, particularly the temperature and degree of reduction, and also the heat treatment conditions of extruded powder metallurgy steel in order to determine the possibilities of increasing its physicomechanical properties.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No, 3(339), pp. 29–34, March, 1991.     

Effects of Ti, V, and rare earth on the mechanical properties of austempered high silicon cast steel

The microstructure and mechanical properties of austempered high silicon cast steel pro and after treating with a modifier containing titanium, vanadium, and rare earth metals (so-called Ti-V-RE modifier) and austempered at different temperatures are investigated. The results show that the dendritic austempered structure and the blocky retained austenite are reduced after treating with the Ti-V-RE modifier. The modification can obviously improve the mechanical properties of austempered high silicon cast steel. The austempering temperature at which the optimum impact toughness is obtained shifts from about 320 °C for the steel unmodified to about 360 °C for the steel modified. High impact toughness is obtained in austempered high silicon cast steel high silicon cast steel when the retained austenite amount is about 15 to 25 pct for the modified steel and 20 to 35 pct for the unmodified steel.     

Optimisation of flash welding parameters for wheel rim manufacture using continuously cast steels

Continuously cast steels are nowadays commonly employed for the manufacture of wheel rims, and the flash welding process is generally employed for that purpose. The current work addresses the flash welding of a continuously cast material (carbon steel with carbon segregation in it), in the wheel rim manufacturing process route, with emphasis on the control of process parameters on the quality of weld joints. It has been established in this research work that the controlled post weld heat cycles, during the flash welding process, Improve the quality of joints and also eliminate or at least drastically decrease the failure susceptibility of such flash welded joints during subsequent manufacturing operations.     

V、Nb、RE微合金化低碳铸钢性能研究

为提高低碳铸钢的力学、焊接性能,试验设计在钢中添加微量V、Nb及RE元素,并对熔炼后的铸钢液进行铸造与热处理。结果发现,添加V0.08%～0.12%,Nb0.03～0.05%、RE微量的铸钢,经1000℃-1100℃均匀化处理,然后再进行正火与时效处理后,铸钢件具有较高的强度、良好的冲击韧性、较低的碳当量与焊接裂纹敏感系数。     

Alloying Design for High Wear-Resistant Cast Hot-Forging Die Steels

The alloying design of cast hot-forging die steels was analyzed. The relationship of the life of cast hot-forging dies with the failure patterns was studied. The thermal wear resistance was believed to be the key property for the alloying design of cast hot-forging die steels. The alloying design parameters were selected and optimized for the cast hot-forging die steel with high wear resistance. The wear resistance of the optimized cast die steel was evaluated in comparison with commercial H13 steels and 3Cr2WSV steel. In the new cast hot-forging die steel, VC is predominant carbide with Cr and Mo as the main solution elements in α-Fe. It is found that the cast die steel has significantly lower wear rate than normal H13 steel and 3Cr2W8V steel, almost the same as that of high purity H13 steel. The high wear resistance of the new cast hot-forging die steel can be attributed to its reasonable alloying design and nonsensibility to the detrimental function of S and P.     

铸钢冷却壁在济钢高炉的应用

济钢一炼铁厂5座高炉先后在炉腹至炉身下部安装了不同数量的铸钢冷却壁,生产实践表明,铸钢冷却壁热面温度比球墨铸铁冷却壁低,在高炉高热负荷区域采用铸钢冷却壁有利于延长高炉炉体寿命。     

Investigation of stress corrosion cracking of the cast and forged steel in water

The aqueous stress corrosion behavior of cast steel and forged steel of the same heat has been examined. It was shown that the activation energy of crack growth of both cast and forged steels was identical,i.e., Q = 5540 cal/mol, and was comparable with the apparent diffusion activation energy of hydrogen in the steel. Theda/dt for cast and forged steel increased under both cathodic and anodic polarization conditions. Correspondingly, the steady-state hydrogen permeation flux increased steeply with the increase of polarizing current under either cathodic or anodic polarization. The influences of the polarization upon theda/dt and the hydrogen permeation flux were similar. TheK _ISCC of the cast steel was larger than that of the forged steel. This may be due to the observation that the steady-state permeation flux for the forged steel was twice as large as that of the cast steel. For both cast and forged steels the fracture modes were clearly dependent uponK _I at the crack tip, and a transition from dimple to quasi-cleavage or intergranular was observed on the fracture surfaces with decreasingK _I . Formerly Students at Beijing University of Iron and Steel Technology     

Effect of RE－Al－N on Structures and Properties of M2 Cast High Speed Steel

M 2highspeedsteel (M 2steel)isamaterialwidelyusedintoolsanddies[1,2 ] .M 2steelischarac terizedbyalongsolidificationrangeandcomplexeu tecticreactions ,whichresultsinsegregationofalloy ingelementsandformationofseveraldifferenttypesofcarbidesduringsolidification[3,4 ] .Forconventionallyprocessedhigh speedsteels ,itisinevitablethatacoarsecarbidenetworkwillbeformedduringsolidifi cation .Coarseprimarycarbidestendtoresultinun evencarbidebandsdistributionafterasubstantialamountofhotprocessing[5] .Ma…     

Research on Thermal Wear of Cast Hot Forging Die Steel Modified by Rare Earths

Thermal wear of cast hot-forging die steel modified by rare earths（RE） was studied and compared with commercially used die steels. The function of RE and the mechanism of thermal wear of cast steel modified by RE were discussed. The results showed that with increasing content of RE, the wear rate of cast steel reduced at first and then increased. By adding 0.05% （mass fraction） RE, the cast hot-forging die steel with optimum thermal wear resistance was obtained, which was better than that of H13 and 3Cr2WSV. The large amount of coarse inclusions, （RE）2O2S, resulted from excessive RE, which obviously deteriorated thermal wear resistance. The mechanism of thermal wear of the modified cast die steel is oxidation wear and oxide fatigue delamination. The wear debris are lumps of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4.