渠道火花烧蚀法制备La0.7Sr0.3MnO3薄膜

采用新型渠道火花烧蚀技术在LaAlO3(001)基片上生长了La0.7S0.3MnO3(LSMO)薄膜.X射线衍射对样品结构的分析表明,制备的LSMO薄膜具有c轴取向生长的特点,薄膜与基片间因晶格不匹配而受面内应力挤压,发生弛豫而出现两相.在室温下采用振动样品磁强计测试样品的面内方向磁滞回线,表明制备的LSMO样品具有软磁性,矫顽力Hc=13 Oe.通过标准四探针法测量了LSMO薄膜的室温薄膜电阻与外加磁场的关系,得知零场电阻率ρ(0)=19.4 mΩ·cm,室温下4800 Oe外场作用下的磁电阻变化率为2.25%,对此用双交换作用机制定性地加以了解释.     

Effect of strain and grain boundaries on dielectric properties in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films

High dielectric constant and its dependence on structural strain and grain boundaries (GB) in La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ (LSMO) thin films are reported. X-ray diffraction, magnetization, and magneto-transport measurements of the LSMO films, made by pulsed laser deposition on two different substrates—MgO and SrTiO₃ (STO), were compared to co-relate magnetic properties with dielectric properties. At room temperature, in the ferromagnetic phase of LSMO, a high dielectric constant (6 × 10⁴) was observed up to 100 kHz frequency for the films on MgO, with polycrystalline properties and more high-angle GB related defects, while for the films on STO, with single-crystalline properties but strained unit cells, high dielectric constant (≈10⁴) was observed until 1 MHz frequency. Also, a large dielectric relaxation time with significant broadening from the Debye single-dielectric relaxation model has been observed in samples with higher GB defects. Impedance spectroscopy further shows that large dielectric constant of the single-crystalline, strained LSMO film is intrinsic in nature while that in the polycrystalline films are mainly extrinsic due to higher amount of GBs. The presence of high dielectric constant value until high frequency range rules out the possibility of “apparent giant dielectric constant” arising from the sample-electrode interface. Coexistence of ferromagnetism and high dielectric constant can be very useful for different microelectronic applications.     

Ferroelectric, electrical, and magnetic properties of BiFe0.95Mn0.05O3 thin films epitaxially grown on conductive Nb:SrTiO3 and La0.7Sr0.3MnO3-buffered Nb:SrTiO3 substrates

BiFe_0.95Mn_0.05O₃ (BFMO) thin films with different thicknesses have been epitaxially grown on <001>-oriented Nb-doped SrTiO₃ (NbSTO) and La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃(LSMO)-buffered NbSTO substrates by pulsed laser deposition. At high bias field the space-charge-limited current (SCLC) is the dominant conduction mechanism for all BFMO films while at low bias field the Ohmic conduction is the predominant mechanism. An analysis of leakage current characteristics reveals that the ferroelectric properties are critically dependent on the density of defects in BFMO films. For the BFMO/LSMO/NbSTO structure, the coercive field of the BFMO film is much smaller than that of the BFMO film directly grown on the NbSTO substrate, which is attributed to the suppression of the substrate-induced clamping effect. For both BFMO/NbSTO and BFMO/LSMO/NbSTO structures, the ferroelectric hysteresis loops show no change under a magnetic field up to 9 T, which is explained in terms of weak ferromagnetic-ferroelectric coupling in the BFMO film and the very low magnetic-field-induced electric voltage drop across the LSMO layer.     

Magnetocaloric Effect in La0.7Cd0.3MnO3, La0.7Ba0.3MnO3, and Nd0.7Sr0.3MnO3

We have based on isothermal magnetization curves to study the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in fine-grained perovskite manganites of La_0.7Cd_0.3MnO₃ (LCMO), La_0.7Ba_0.3MnO₃ (LBMO), and Nd_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ (NSMO) prepared by conventional solid-state reaction. Magnetic measurements were performed on a vibrating sample magnetometer, with a temperature increment of 1.0?K, and the applied field in the range of 0?C1.8?T. Under an applied field of 1.8?T, the maximum magnetic-entropy change obtained for LCMO, LBMO, and NSMO taking place at their Curie temperature are about 2.3, 2.1, and 5.1?J/(kg?K), respectively. The large entropy change in NSMO makes it suitable for magnetic-cooling applications.     

Fabrication and Magnetic Properties of Electrospun La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 Nanostructures

La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ (abbreviated as LSMO) nanostructures were fabricated by a simple electrospinning using a solution that contained poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), lanthanum, strontium and manganese nitrates. The LSMO nanostructures were successfully obtained from calcination of the as-spun LSMO/PVP composite nanofibers at 500–900 °C in air for 7 h. The as-spun and calcined LSMO/PVP composite nanofibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Analysis of phase composition by XRD revealed that all the calcined samples have a single rhombohedral LSMO phase. The SEM results showed that the crystal structure and morphology of the LSMO nanofibers were affected by the calcination temperature. Crystallite size of the nanoparticles contained in nanofibers increased with an increase in calcination temperature. The specific saturation magnetization (M _s ) values were obtained to be 1.23, 28.61, and 40.52 emu/g at 10 kOe for the LSMO samples calcined respectively at 500, 700, and 900 °C. It is found that the increase of the tendency of M _s is consistent with the enhancement of crystallinity, and the values of M _s for the calcined LSMO samples were observed to increase with increasing crystallite size. This increase in M _s for the calcined LSMO samples with increasing crystallite size may be explained by considering a magnetic domain of the samples.     

Epitaxial La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films on silicon with excellent magnetic and electric properties by combining physical and chemical methods

Half-metallic ferromagnetic La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ (LSMO) represents an appealing candidate to be integrated on silicon substrates for technological devices such as sensors, data storage media, IR detectors, and so on. Here, we report high-quality epitaxial LSMO thin films obtained by an original combination of chemical solution deposition (CSD) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). A detailed study of the thermal, chemical, and physical compatibility between SrTiO₃ (STO)/Si buffer layers and LSMO films, grown by MBE and CSD, respectively, enables a perfect integration of both materials. Importantly, we show a precise control of the coercive field of LSMO films by tuning the mosaicity of the STO/Si buffer layer. These results demonstrate the enormous potential of combining physical and chemical processes for the development of low-cost functional oxide-based devices compatible with the complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology.     

Magnetic properties of NiFe2O4 thin films grown on La0.7Sr0.3MnO3-buffered Si substrate

Nickel ferrite NiFe₂O₄ (NFO) thin films have been prepared on a Si substrate (NFO/Si) and La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ (LSMO)-coated Si (100) substrate (NFO/LSMO/Si) by RF magnetron sputtering. The microstructures and magnetic properties of the two films were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that highly (331)-oriented NFO films with a smooth surface were grown on the LSMO/Si substrate. The magnetization of the films was measured at room temperature. It showed a clear hysteresis loop in both samples, with the magnetic field applied in the plane. However, no hysteresis loop is seen with the magnetic field applied perpendicular to the film plane. This indicates the presence of an anisotropy favoring the orientation of the magnetization in the direction parallel to the film plane. A study of magnetization hysteresis loop measurements indicates that the LSMO buffer layer may improve the magnetic properties of NFO thin films, and that the saturation magnetization increases from 4.15 × 10⁴ to 3.5 × 10⁵ A/m.     

Magnetic and Electrical Transport Properties of Er2O3-Doped La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 Composites

The (La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃)_1?x /(Er₂O₃) _x composites with x=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 15, 17, and 20% were prepared by a solid state reaction process. The magnetic and electrical transport properties of the composites were investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and the calculation of lattice parameters of La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ (LCMO) indicated that there is no reaction between La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ and Er₂O₃; especially, compared with pure LCMO, a new metal-insulator transition temperature (T _P2) was observed at a lower temperature in some composites with x=1,2,3,4, and 7%, which may result from the existence of a new phase related to Er₂O₃ dopant at grain boundaries or surfaces of LCMO grains. An enhancement of low field magnetoresistance (LFMR) is obtained at temperature below 130 K for the composites with higher Er₂O₃ content, but the intrinsic CMR at T _P1 decreased monotonously with increasing Er₂O₃ content. The increased LFMR results from the spin-dependent scattering and spin-polarized tunneling at the grain boundaries and the decreased intrinsic CMR due to the Double Exchange (DE) interaction between Mn³⁺ and Mn⁴⁺ ions.     

Low-field magnetoresistance in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/BaTiO3 composites

A manganite composite series of (1 ? x)La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃/xBaTiO₃ (x = 0, 0.06, 0.12, and 0.18) has been fabricated by solid-state reaction combined with a high-energy mechanical milling method. Experimental results revealed that the insulator–metal transition temperature was shifted towards lower temperatures, and resistivity increases with increasing BaTiO₃ content in (1 ? x)La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃/xBaTiO₃. Meanwhile, the ferromagnetic–paramagnetic transition temperature was almost unchanged. The increase in magnetoresistance was observed in the all composites at whole measurement temperatures under an applied magnetic field of 3 kOe. Here, temperature dependences of magnetoresistance display a Curie–Weiss law-like behavior. The nature of this phenomenon is explained in detail.     

Effects of Magnetic-Field Annealing on the Morphology and Magnetic Properties of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 Film

La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ (LSMO) films were prepared by the chemical solution deposition method with an external magnetic-field (H _ext =5 kOe) annealing process. Structural and magnetic properties were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction results show that both LSMO films are single-phase. The results of field-emission scanning electronic microscopy show that the mean grain size of the film annealed under H _ext =5 kOe are about 2.5 times larger than that of the annealed film under H _ext =0 kOe. The enhanced magnetic properties are explained reasonably by the magnetic-field annealing.     

Structural and dielectric properties of Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 thin films grown on thin Bi layer-coated Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates

In this work, the growth and study of dielectric properties of Ba_0.7Sr_0.3TiO₃ (BST) thin films grown on thin Bi layer coated Pt(111)/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrates, depending on thin Bi layer thickness is reported. The BST thin film (thickness 180 nm) grown on 10-nm-thick Bi layer exhibited more improved structural and dielectric properties than that grown on bare Pt(111)/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrate. The 10-nm-thick Bi layer in optimum configuration was effective for the grain growth of BST phase and suppressed the formation of the oxygen-deficient layer at the interface between the BST thin film and bottom electrode, which resulted in an increase in dielectric constant and a decrease in leakage current density of the Pt/BST thin film/Pt capacitor.     

Tuning magnetic domain structure in nanoscale La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 islands

The realization of spin-based devices requires high density, ordered arrays of magnetic materials with a high degree of spin polarization at surfaces. We have synthesized, for the first time, highly spin polarized complex magnetic oxide nanostructures embedded in a paramagnetic matrix by electron beam lithography and ion implantation. Imaging the magnetic domains with X-ray photoemission electron microscopy and magnetic force microscopy reveals a delicate balance between magnetocrystalline, magnetoelastic, and magnetostatic energies that can be tuned by the choice of SrTiO3 substrate orientation, film thickness, island size, and island shape.     

PLZST陶瓷衬底上La0.7Sr0.3MnO3薄膜生长及其磁性能和电输运特性研究

采用磁控溅射法在PLZST陶瓷衬底上制备了不同厚度的LSMO薄膜, 并对其微结构、磁性能及电输运特性进行了研究。结果表明, LSMO薄膜具有单一钙钛矿结构, 晶粒均匀, 表面平整, 其中20 nm厚LSMO薄膜粗糙度仅为2.93 nm。在10~300 K温度范围内, LSMO薄膜均具有大的磁电阻效应, 20 nm厚的LSMO薄膜磁电阻温度稳定性优异。随着薄膜厚度的增加, 薄膜的居里温度、金属绝缘体转变温度、磁化强度和导电性能降低。这可能是由于Pb、Sn、Zr等离子扩散进入LSMO薄膜中, 导致MnO₆八面体畸变造成的。     

庞磁电阻薄膜La0.7Ca0.3MnO3的制备和输运特性

用溶胶-凝胶法在LaAlO3衬底上制备了La0．7Ca0．3MnO3薄膜,研究了La0．7Ca0．3MnO3薄膜的结构和输运特性．结果表明：La0．7Ca0．3MnO3薄膜呈现畸变钙钛矿结构,具有好的外延性;在同一温度下,电阻在磁场作用下变小,在283K和88K分别出现了金属-绝缘体转变,产生了双极值现象,并且在双极值附近电阻变化最大;用连续激光作用薄膜时,同样出现了双极值现象,在同一温度下,电阻反而变大,在升温和降温过程中出现了明显的滞后行为．根据双交换和小极化子理论,这些现象与Mn离子的eg电子受激跃迁有关．     

Ho对La0.7Sr0.3MnO3庞磁阻材料微观结构的影响

运用X射线衍射和透射电子显微分析等方法，探讨了稀土掺杂元素Ho对La0.7Sr0.3MnO3庞磁阻材料微观结构的影响。对于La0.7-xSr0.3MnO3庞磁阻材料，Ho含量较低时（x=0．2），材料主要由典型的菱面体钙钛矿相（La0.7Sr0.3MnO3）和六角非钙钛矿相（HoMnO3）组成，还伴随有少量钙钛矿型正交点阵结构出现。当Ho掺杂量较高时（x=0．6），菱面体体积分数明显降低，而六角相显著增多。另外，稀土Ho的增多引起了菱面体单胞点阵参数（α和c）的缩短，这主要是由于菱面体单胞结构中La/Sr原子比例变小而导致的。同时，Ho的掺杂也降低了材料的晶粒尺寸。     

Low-Temperature Synthesis of Ultrafine La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 Powder via Chelate Homogenization

Ultrafine La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ powders were prepared via homogenization in chelate solutions, followed by the calcination of solid precursors at 700°C in air or oxygen, and their phase composition and average particle size were determined. The solid precursors were obtained from a solution of polynuclear La, Sr, and Mn chelates (diethylenetriaminepentaacetates) by three procedures: (1) gelation of the solution, followed by air drying of the resultant gel; (2) gelation followed by microwave dehydration; and (3) microwave dehydration of the solution. The results demonstrate that the way in which the chelate solution is converted into solid foams has little effect on the phase composition and particle size of the powders. At the same time, the phase composition and particle size of the reaction products depend on the calcination atmosphere (air or oxygen). Calcination in oxygen (700°C, 10 h) ensures the preparation of phase-pure La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ powders, with an average particle size of 30 nm, from the three precursors.     

La0.7Sr0.3MnO3-Pb(Zr,Ti)O3双层膜中的磁电(ME)效应

由溶胶-凝胶法制备出锰酸盐La0.7Sr0.3MnO3粉料,经1300K热压并在1573K高温下烧结成块材,并与Pb(Zr,Ti)O3胶合形成弹性耦合双层膜.相较于涂敷膜(tape casting)复合样品,该双层膜显示出更为优良的ME耦合效应.横向耦合要比纵向耦合更为强烈,并当外加磁场为150 Oe时ME电压系数达到峰值.分析表明由磁场和频率变化导致的ME系数变化的实验值与理论值符合的很好.     

Hall-effect studies of Pr0.7Sr0.3MnO3

Hall-effect measurements of the perovskite manganate Pr_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ have been obtained at a magnetic field of 0.6 T in the temperature range 77–400 K. The results show peculiarities in the Hall-coefficient behavior. This is likely to be due to the coexistence of charge ordering and ferromagnetism. Obviously, the transformation between different magnetic phases with increasing temperature is significant for the physical properties, and influences the current transport in the compound.